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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Uma contribuição ao estudo do forjamento a frio de engrenagens helicoidais / A contribution to the study on cold forging of steel helical gears

Boas, Daniel Villas 13 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Sergio Tonini Button / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T22:48:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Boas_DanielVillas_D.pdf: 40763605 bytes, checksum: 0cb23b49bd4e4a95925b174137021976 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Os processos de forjamento se caracterizam por forjamento a quente, a morno e a frio e são processos que geralmente necessitam de algumas operações de usinagem para que se obtenha o produto final na qualidade especificada. O forjamento a frio merece uma atenção especial na fabricação de peças com geometrias complexas, pois existem limitações no grau de deformação da matéria prima trabalhada, bem como limitações da própria ferramenta, quando solicitada mecanicamente. Nessas ferramentas altas tensões imperam a todo instante, e é de extrema importância reduzi-las, buscando operações que auxiliem a melhor o modo de escoamento do material durante o processo. A extrusão lateral possui essa característica e com o auxilio da simulação numérica pelos Métodos dos Elementos Finitos e dos Volumes Finitos, torna-se possível o desenvolvimento de peças assimétricas, com geometria complexa e próxima da peça quase acabada. Esses recursos somados a grande experiência de uma forjaria nacional, com forte atuação no segmento de forjados a frio, permitiu desenvolver um processo de forjamento a frio de engrenagens helicoidais por extrusão lateral. O trabalho teve como finalidade todo o desenvolvimento do processo, o projeto do ferramental e a viabilização experimental do processo. Os resultados obtidos na análise numérica e no procedimento experimental demonstraram que o processo proposto neste trabalho é capaz de produzir engrenagens helicoidais com qualidade geral próxima daquelas obtidas no processo convencional de usinagem a partir de uma engrenagem forjada / Abstract: The forging processes are classified in hot forging, warm forging, and cold forging, that usually provide products that need some further machining operations to achieve manufactured part specifications. Cold forging asks for a special attention when manufacturing complex geometry parts, because its limitation with the forgeability of the workpiece material, as the limitation of tooling strength under mechanical loads. In the tools, high stresses are present during all forming process, and therefore it is very important to reduce it, through a better performance of material flow. Lateral extrusion presents these characteristics and with the aid of the numerical simulation of the process, by Finites Element Method and Finite Volume Method, it is possible the manufacturing of near net shape asymmetric parts with complex geometry. These sources added to the large experience of a forging industry with strong presence in the segment of cold forging, allowed to design and develop a new process of cold forging helical gears by lateral extrusion. This work had as objectives all the development of the process, the design of the tools and all the analysis of the cold forging of helical gears. Results from the numerical and experimental analysis show that the new process proposed in this work is capableof manufacturing helical gears with overall quality near to that typical of the machining process from hot forged blanks commonly used in industry / Doutorado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
62

Influência da topografia superficial na vida da matriz de forjamento a quente / Influence of the surface topography on the life of hot forging die

Magri, Mário Lopes 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Anselmo Eduardo Diniz / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T01:58:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magri_MarioLopes_M.pdf: 19076478 bytes, checksum: 62f43033b77432b5019d5a220f449830 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Vários produtos da indústria metalúrgica mundial são produzidos em regime de produção seriada, que utilizam matrizes em suas operações. Essas matrizes, por sua vez, contêm o perfil negativo do produto e, obviamente, é de interesse econômico que sua vida útil seja a maior possível. Porém, esta vida depende do ambiente ao qual o processo está inserido. No caso do forjamento a quente, que normalmente proporciona um ambiente excessivamente agressivo, as matrizes estão expostas a vários mecanismos de desgaste, como a abrasão, a adesão e a deformação plástica. Uma das variáveis do processo que torna o ambiente agressivo é a faixa de temperatura empregada no aquecimento dos tarugos, entre 900 a 1250°C. Deste modo, durante o tempo de contato, a superfície da matriz pode atingir temperaturas próximas ou mesmo superiores à utilizada para o revenimento do aço-ferramenta empregado na construção das matrizes. Na sequência do processo, após o contato da matriz com o tarugo aquecido ocorre o resfriamento da matriz, gerando um ciclo térmico prejudicial que reduz a dureza das matrizes e, conseqüentemente, a sua vida. Portanto, é de grande interesse conhecer profundamente o processo, bem como as variáveis fundamentais que podem influenciar sua vida. Uma destas variáveis é a topografia da superfície, ou seja, seu perfil de rugosidade. O estudo desta variável é o principal tema deste trabalho. Geralmente se associa a região da matriz ao mecanismo de desgaste característico, e o desgaste abrasivo é o mais agressivo dentre todos. Esse tipo de desgaste ocorre principalmente na região do patamar de rebarbas e, quando atinge certos níveis, compromete a geometria do produto, determinando o fim de vida das matrizes. Por este motivo, essa região foi a escolhida para o estudo dos efeitos da topografia na vida da matriz. Foram desenvolvidas quatro topografias diferentes nesta região, produzidas por fresamento de topo esférico, conforme a metodologia conhecida como "High Speed Machining (HSM)". Manteve-se a velocidade de corte igual para todas as topografias, pois estas foram obtidas apenas pela variação dos parâmetros fz e ae. Destas quatro topografias, duas são formadas por micro cavidades e duas são formadas por sulcos direcionais no sentido do avanço. O melhor desempenho tribológico foi alcançado pela topografia com geometria de micro-cavidades, formadas pela utilização dos maiores valores dos parâmetros fz e ae. Além do melhor desempenho tribológico verificado por esta topografia, esta superfície apresentou o menor tempo consumido na sua produção / Abstract: Several products from the worldwide metallurgical industry are produced in mass production system, which use forming dies in their operation. These dies, in turn, contains the negative profile of the product and, obviously, it is of economic interest keep their service life as long as possible. However, the life depends on the process environment in which dies are operating. In hot forging, which usually provides an overly aggressive environment, the dies are exposed to several wear mechanisms as abrasion, adhesion and plastic deformation. A process variable that contributes to the aggressive environment is the temperature range used in the heating of the billets, between 900 to 1250°C. Thus, during the contact time the die surface can reach temperatures close or even higher to the usual tempering temperature of the tool steel applied in the die construction. Following the process, after the contact between die and hot billet, the die cooling occurs what generates a harmful thermal cycle that reduces the die hardness and, consequently, the service life. Therefore, the entire knowledge of the process is desirable, as well as their key variables that can influence the die life. One of these variables is the surface topography, i.e., its roughness profile. The study of this variable is the main subject of this work. Usually, abrasive wear is the most aggressive among all mechanisms of wear. This kind of wear occurs mainly in the flash land, and when this wear reaches a level that compromises the product geometry, determines the die rejection. For this reason, this region was chosen for the study of the effects of surface topography in die service life. Four different topographies were developed on this region, produced by ball end milling in according to a methodology known as High Speed Machining (HSM). All topographies were made under the same cutting speed and they were obtained only by varying the fz and ae parameters. In these four topographies, two were formed by micro-cavities and two by grooves along the tool feed direction. The best tribological performance was achieved by micro-cavities topography, formed by the highest values for fz and ae parameters. In addition to the better tribological performance observed in this topography, its roughness profile presented the shortest time consumed in its production / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
63

Estudo da conformabilidade de abas convexas da liga de alumínio AA2024-O no processo de hidroconformação de chapas / Study on convex flanges formability of AA2024-O aluminum alloy sheets on hydroforming process

Alves, José Augusto Camargo 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Sérgio Tonini Button / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T02:21:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alves_JoseAugustoCamargo_M.pdf: 12204746 bytes, checksum: 78b1a8db87093cdc58baaa854932096e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O processo sheet hydroform, ou hidroconformação de chapas, é realizado por meio de uma prensa composta por uma membrana de borracha, preenchido com um fluido hidráulico cuja função é atuar como uma matriz, exercendo esforços sobre uma chapa de metal (blank), que é então empurrada contra um punção rígido, fazendo-o adquirir o formato deste. Embora este processo seja amplamente utilizado para a produção de pequenos lotes de peças metálicas de formato complexo e de espessura reduzida, ele exige habilidades de quem o define, pois se por um lado pode ser visto como simples por empregar apenas um molde maciço, por outro, a ausência de um sistema macho-fêmea capaz de garantir um completo travamento do blank pode ser encarado como um problema por permitir movimentos indesejados do material, que muitas vezes resultam na formação de rugas ou outros defeitos. Baseando-se nesses conceitos, o propósito deste trabalho foi o de mapear, por meio de simulações e ensaios práticos, a conformabilidade de abas convexas da liga de alumínio AA2024-0 de quatro espessuras quando submetidas a diferentes combinações de raio de curvatura e comprimento de aba. Deste modo, foi possível definir quais combinações destes parâmetros possibilitam a obtenção de componentes conformados adequadamente, isentos de rugas e outros defeitos macroscópicos, e ainda, quais condições levam à formação de irregularidades na aba conformada acima do limite preestabelecido, exigindo o emprego de prensa-chapas especiais, também conhecidos como dams, capazes de evitar a ocorrência de tais desvios. Com base nos resultados obtidos pode-se constatar que a ocorrência de rugas está associada principalmente à altura da aba conformada e não se altera significativamente quando a espessura do blank é modificada. Além disso, foi possível notar que raios de curvaturas maiores proporcionam menores valores de deformação compressiva na região conformada, permitindo obter abas mais altas e sem rugas / Abstract: Hydroform, or sheet metal fluid forming, is performed using a fluid cell press, in which the hydraulic fluid acts on the metallic blank pushing it against the male tool, acquiring its geometry. It is widely employed to manufacture small batches of complex and low thick components. If by one point of view it can be seen as simple, involving just a single rigid block as tool, by the other hand the absence of a rigid punch in certain cases can be a limitation, since it may allow the blank to move incorrectly during the process, causing wrinkles or other macro defects. Based on this limitation, the aim of this study was to define, using computational simulations and practical tests, the shrink flange formability limit of four different thickness aluminum alloy sheets when submitted to different combinations of curvature radius and flange length. As result, it could be seen which combinations can lead the material to be formed properly and which may cause failures, requiring special blank holders, known as dams, to avoid this problems. Based on the results, it can be verified that wrinkles nucleation is mainly associated with flange height and it does not change significantly when using blanks with different thicknesses. Furthermore, it could be noted that bigger curvature radius implies in smaller compressive strain on formed region, allowing to obtain higher flanges without wrinkles in these conditions / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
64

Análise numérica da propagação de defeitos internos na laminação transversal com cunha / Numerical analysis of internal defects propagation within cross wedge rolled parts

Judice, Gustavo Henrique 20 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Sérgio Tonini Button / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:55:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Judice_GustavoHenrique_M.pdf: 13713684 bytes, checksum: ca6f8c3e7b2f080bdd41cef45bd2a552 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O processo de conformação denominado Laminação Transversal com Cunha, industrialmente conhecido como Cross Wedge Rolling (CWR), tem se destacado na indústria pela sua flexibilidade, produtividade e economia de material, porém pode apresentar defeitos internos que, em alguns casos, inviabiliza a utilização dos produtos. É um defeito de difícil avaliação quanto a sua formação e propagação e ainda não se desenvolveu um mapa de processamento que represente de forma precisa e consistente as condições em que o defeito pode aparecer. Este estudo apresenta resultados dos campos de deformação plástica, tensão, temperatura e do aspecto do desenvolvimento de defeitos internos, acrescentados ao tarugo, através de simulações do processo de laminação transversal com cunha. O estudo se desenvolveu na criação de modelos de elementos finitos pelo software comercial Abaqus® versão 6.9-2, que seguiram condições geométricas de um processo real. Inicialmente, modelos bidimensionais foram simulados apresentando diferentes densidades de malha. Posteriormente, modelos com um vazio central foram simulados e confirmou-se a boa correlação de seus resultados com os encontrados na literatura. Na sequência, um modelo com propriedades de porosidade indicou que a região central do tarugo apresentou a maior densidade de vazios. Também foram simulados modelos com vazios e inclusões de diferentes tamanhos, disposições e formas, com destaque para a região em volta das inclusões, por apresentar a formação de vazios. Por último, foram simulados dois modelos tridimensionais, um apresentando um vazio interno no centro do tarugo, que apresentou os campos de tensão, de deformação plástica e de temperatura parecidos com o do modelo bidimensional correspondente, porém com valores maiores. O outro modelo tridimensional apresentou propriedades de porosidade e indicou que a maior probabilidade de formação de defeitos se concentrou na extensão longitudinal central do tarugo. Os maiores níveis de temperatura, deformação plástica e tensão foram presentes na região central do tarugo, tanto nos modelos bidimensionais quanto nos tridimensionais, indicando que essa região apresentou os maiores níveis de solicitação, o que pode favorecer o surgimento dos defeitos internos / Abstract: Cross Wedge Rolling is a metal forming process which has become very important in the industry for its flexibility, productivity and material savings, although presenting the critical problem of internal defects generation which restricts the use of rolled products, since it is very difficult to asset the defects formation and propagation and it was still not found a processing map to represent CWR with precise and consistent conditions with which the defect should or should not appear. In this study some numerical results are presented in terms of plastic strain, stress, temperature and the development of internal defects within the billet. These results were obtained with different finite element models developed with the commercial software Abaqus Version 6.9-2 by simulating materials with different internal characteristics, representing geometric conditions identified in the actual process. Initially two-dimensional models were simulated with different mesh densities; then, models with a central void were simulated and a good relationship was found with the results found in the literature. Then a model was simulated to characterize the porosity of the material, and was verified that the porosity is concentrated at the center of billet. Other models were also simulated with voids and inclusions of different sizes, distributions and shapes which were added manually. These models showed similar results, and the models with inclusions developed voids within the metallic matrix. Finally, two models (three-dimensional) were simulated, one with an internal void in the center of the billet, which showed the development of stress fields, plastic deformation and temperature similar to that corresponding two-dimensional model, but with higher values. The other three-dimensional model, which presented properties of porosity, showed that the highest probability of defect formation focused in the central and longitudinal extent region of the billet. All models showed that the central region of the billet presents the highest levels of temperature, plastic strain and stress probably favoring the initiation of internal defects / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
65

Sensitivy analysis and graph-based methods for black-box functions with on application to sheet metal forming. / Nouvelles méthodes pour l'analyse de sensibilité des fonctions boîte noire. Application à l’emboutissage.

Fruth, Jana 12 March 2015 (has links)
Le domaine général de la thèse est l’analyse de sensibilité de fonctions boîte noire. L’analyse de sensibilité étudie comment la variation d’une sortie peut être reliée à la variation des entrées. C’est un outil important dans la construction, l’analyse et l’optimisation des expériences numériques (computer experiments).Nous présentons tout d’abord l’indice d’interaction total, qui est utile pour le criblage d’interactions. Plusieurs méthodes d’estimation sont proposées. Leurs propriétés sont étudiées au plan théorique et par des simulations.Le chapitre suivant concerne l’analyse de sensibilité pour des modèles avec des entrées fonctionnelles et une sortie scalaire. Une approche séquentielle très économique est présentée, qui permet non seulement de retrouver la sensibilité de entrées fonctionnelles globalement, mais aussi d’identifier les régions d’intérêt dans leur domaine de définition.Un troisième concept est proposé, les support index functions, mesurant la sensibilité d’une entrée sur tout le support de sa loi de probabilité.Finalement les trois méthodes sont appliquées avec succès à l’analyse de sensibilité de modèles d’emboutissage. / The general field of the thesis is the sensitivity analysis of black-box functions. Sensitivity analysis studies how the variation of the output can be apportioned to the variation of input sources. It is an important tool in the construction, analysis, and optimization of computer experiments.The total interaction index is presented, which can be used for the screening of interactions. Several variance-based estimation methods are suggested. Their properties are analyzed theoretically as well as on simulations.A further chapter concerns the sensitivity analysis for models that can take functions as input variables and return a scalar value as output. A very economical sequential approach is presented, which not only discovers the sensitivity of those functional variables as a whole but identifies relevant regions in the functional domain.As a third concept, support index functions, functions of sensitivity indices over the input distribution support, are suggested.Finally, all three methods are successfully applied in the sensitivity analysis of sheet metal forming models.
66

A New Approach To Process Modelling And Simulation Of Metal Forming

Karthikeyan, P 07 1900 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.
67

Výroba subkomponentu podvozkového kulového kloubu / Production of subcomponent for the chassis ball joint

Liškář, Ladislav January 2018 (has links)
The thesis deals with the design of a technological process for the production a rotationally symmetrical component, which is part of the body for the chassis ball joint of a passenger car. Thesis was developed on request and in cooperation with THK RHYTHM Automotive Czech a.s. On the basis of a literary study, a technological process consisting of 10 operations was designed and elaborated. For the prototype production of the component, a four-column hydraulic press SHPFS 250, with a nominal force 2500 kN, was selected and price offer were prepared. For each of ten operations a prototype tool was designed and prepared assembly drawings. To reduce costs, a single die set was designed to allow all tools to be clamped. The total cost of acquisition of the prototype hydraulic press and tools was set at CZK 2,672,950.
68

Zavedení inovační výroby ochranné vložky do výrobního podniku / Implementation of innovative production of protective liner to the manufacturing company

Kukla, Petr January 2020 (has links)
The Diploma thesis describes the implementation of innovative production of protective liner to the manufacturing company. The liner is manufactured in sizes of nominal diameter DN 200 - DN 500. The material is low-alloy steel EN 10216-2 10CrMo9-10. For the production innovation, the technology of pipe end flaring by a movable mandrel was chosen. Verification of the functionality of this technology was performed using analytical calculations and numerical simulation of FEM. The results of numerical methods were compared with the results of a practical experiment. The experiment was performed on 5 test specimens with a diameter of 273 mm. The machine device was a hydraulic press with a nominal force of 2000 kN and equipped with pressure and position sensors. The experimentally obtained values of force and the tool path dependence were similar with the values of FEM simulation. The difference in the value of the force in the maximum tool path was 290 kN. The flared diameter was formed to a value of 319 mm. This value corresponds to 16.5% of increased nominal diameter, which is sufficient from design point of view. Non-destructive tests ruled out the presence of crack defects on the flared diameter. According the new set up working procedure was produced the first real part. Significant financial savings of CZK 3.5 - 5.3 million / year were quantified in the technical and economic evaluation. Return on necessary investments is between the 9th - 14th manufactured pieces (approx. 15% of the annual production volume). In conclusion, innovation has promising results and will be issued by the company into the production process.
69

Výroba zámku skládacího metru / Production of the Folding meter lock

Václavek, Petr January 2021 (has links)
The thesis proposes a concept of manufacturing the folding meter lock. The part is made from DC01+LC steel of 0,3 mm thickness. The series size is 100 000 pcs/year. A forming in a progressive combination tool combining shearing, bending and stamping was chosen for the production, based on the analysis of possible solutions. The tool, designed on the basis of literary research of used technologies, produces the part in eleven steps exerting maximal force of 38,5 kN. The production will take place on an eccentric press LEN 40 C. The market price of 3,38 Kč for one piece was established by the technical and economic evaluation.
70

Výroba součásti plošným tvářením / Production single parts from sheet metal

Nutilová, Marcela January 2008 (has links)
The project drawn up within the framework of engineering studies in discipline Manufacturing technology (2303T002) presents a proposal for processing a single part – the part is made of sheet steel number S420MC – by blanking, bending and stamping. On the basis of a literary exploration of given problems several variants of processing a part was propounded in order to be made in just one tool. The transfer combined die is fixed in crank press WAINGARTEN ARP 80 with 800 kN nominal force. All functional parts are made of heat treated tool steel number 19 573.3 according to drawing documentation. Lower functional parts of tool (blanking die, stamping die and bending tool) are made as divided.

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