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Ce mémoire constitue l'aboutissement du projet de recherche de Patrick Keroulas et aborde la notion de compression vidéo, domaine en pleine ébullition avec la démocratisation de l'équipement vidéo et des réseaux de télécommunication. La question initiale est de savoir s'il est possible de modifier le contenu de l'image directement dans un flux binaire provenant d'une séquence vidéo compressée. Un tel dispositif permettrait d'ajouter des modifications en n'importe quel point d'un réseau en évitant le décodage et recodage du flux de données, ces deux processus étant très coûteux en termes de calcul. Brièvement présentés dans la première partie, plusieurs travaux ont déjà proposé une gamme assez large de méthodes de filtrage, de débruitage, de redimensionnement de l'image, etc. Toutes les publications rencontrées à ce sujet se concentrent sur la transposition des traitements de l'image du domaine spatial vers le domaine fréquentiel. Il a été convenu de centrer la problématique sur une application potentiellement exploitable dans le domaine de la télédiffusion. Il s'agit d'incruster un logo ajustable en position et en opacité dans un fichier vidéo codé avec la norme MPEG-2, encore couramment utilisée. La transformée appliquée par cet algorithme de compression est la DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform). Un article publié en 1995 traitant de la composition vidéo en général est plus détaillé car il sert de base à cette étude. Certains outils proposés qui reposent sur la linéarité et l'orthogonalité de la transformée seront repris dans le cadre de ce projet, mais la démarche proposée pour résoudre les problèmes temporels est différente. Ensuite, les éléments essentiels de la norme MPEG-2 sont présentés pour en comprendre les mécanismes et également pour exposer la structure d'un fichier codé car, en pratique, ce serait la seule donnée accessible. Le quatrième chapitre de l'étude présente la solution technique mise en oeuvre via un article soumis à IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting. C'est dans cette partie que toutes les subtilités liées au codage sont traitées : la structure en blocs de pixel, la prédiction spatiale, la compensation de mouvement au demi-pixel près, la nécessité ou non de la quantification inverse. À la vue des résultats satisfaisants, la discussion finale porte sur la limite du système : le compromis entre son efficacité, ses degrés de liberté et le degré de décodage du flux.

ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The F-35 program, known as the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF), is the largest DOD program ever awarded. There are three F-35 variations, each intended to meet the specific needs of the Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Allies. The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter represents the newest advanced military aircraft to make use of Fibre Channel as its primary avionics information transport network. In addition to its use for carrying tactical information systems data, the Fibre Channel network will also transport the real-time digital video used in the cockpit; primarily the pilot's helmet mounted display (HMD) and the high-resolution configurable panoramic cockpit display (PCD). In addition to the fighter's instrumentation configuration for orange wire and avionics data, the aircraft will carry a separate instrumentation package to allow for both the recording and telemetry of either high-resolution Fibre Channel digital video or standard resolution analog video inputs during flight tests. This multiplexer is designed to record cockpit video and audio data, while supporting an option for the test engineer to select up to three out of eight video and audio inputs for real-time telemetry to the ground. This paper describes the architecture of this system, along with the techniques used to reduce the 5 MBps Fibre Channel digital video to a bandwidth acceptable for telemetry.

Digital watermarking of multimedia content has been proposed as a method for different applications such as copyright protection, content authentication, transaction tracking and data hiding. In this thesis, we propose a lossless watermarking approach based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for a new application of watermarking. A depth map obtained from a stereoscopic image pair is embedded into one of the two images using a reversible watermarking algorithm. Different from existing approaches which hide depth map in spatial domain, the depth information is hidden in the quantized DCT domain of the stereo image in our method. This modification makes the watermarking algorithm compatible with JPEG and MPEG-2 compression. After the investigation of the quantized DCT coefficients distribution of the compressed image and video, The bit-shift operation is utilized to embed the depth map into its associated 2D image reversibly for the purpose of achieving high compression efficiency of the watermarked image and/or video and high visual quality of stereo image and/or video after the depth map is extracted. We implement the proposed method to analyze its performance. The experimental results show that a very high payload of watermark (e.g. depth map) can be embedded into the JPEG compressed image and MPEG-2 video. The compression efficiency is only slightly reduced after the watermark embedding and the quality of the original image or video can be restored completely at the decoder side.

Digital watermarking of multimedia content has been proposed as a method for different applications such as copyright protection, content authentication, transaction tracking and data hiding. In this thesis, we propose a lossless watermarking approach based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for a new application of watermarking. A depth map obtained from a stereoscopic image pair is embedded into one of the two images using a reversible watermarking algorithm. Different from existing approaches which hide depth map in spatial domain, the depth information is hidden in the quantized DCT domain of the stereo image in our method. This modification makes the watermarking algorithm compatible with JPEG and MPEG-2 compression. After the investigation of the quantized DCT coefficients distribution of the compressed image and video, The bit-shift operation is utilized to embed the depth map into its associated 2D image reversibly for the purpose of achieving high compression efficiency of the watermarked image and/or video and high visual quality of stereo image and/or video after the depth map is extracted. We implement the proposed method to analyze its performance. The experimental results show that a very high payload of watermark (e.g. depth map) can be embedded into the JPEG compressed image and MPEG-2 video. The compression efficiency is only slightly reduced after the watermark embedding and the quality of the original image or video can be restored completely at the decoder side.

Digital watermarking of multimedia content has been proposed as a method for different applications such as copyright protection, content authentication, transaction tracking and data hiding. In this thesis, we propose a lossless watermarking approach based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for a new application of watermarking. A depth map obtained from a stereoscopic image pair is embedded into one of the two images using a reversible watermarking algorithm. Different from existing approaches which hide depth map in spatial domain, the depth information is hidden in the quantized DCT domain of the stereo image in our method. This modification makes the watermarking algorithm compatible with JPEG and MPEG-2 compression. After the investigation of the quantized DCT coefficients distribution of the compressed image and video, The bit-shift operation is utilized to embed the depth map into its associated 2D image reversibly for the purpose of achieving high compression efficiency of the watermarked image and/or video and high visual quality of stereo image and/or video after the depth map is extracted. We implement the proposed method to analyze its performance. The experimental results show that a very high payload of watermark (e.g. depth map) can be embedded into the JPEG compressed image and MPEG-2 video. The compression efficiency is only slightly reduced after the watermark embedding and the quality of the original image or video can be restored completely at the decoder side.

Digital watermarking of multimedia content has been proposed as a method for different applications such as copyright protection, content authentication, transaction tracking and data hiding. In this thesis, we propose a lossless watermarking approach based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for a new application of watermarking. A depth map obtained from a stereoscopic image pair is embedded into one of the two images using a reversible watermarking algorithm. Different from existing approaches which hide depth map in spatial domain, the depth information is hidden in the quantized DCT domain of the stereo image in our method. This modification makes the watermarking algorithm compatible with JPEG and MPEG-2 compression. After the investigation of the quantized DCT coefficients distribution of the compressed image and video, The bit-shift operation is utilized to embed the depth map into its associated 2D image reversibly for the purpose of achieving high compression efficiency of the watermarked image and/or video and high visual quality of stereo image and/or video after the depth map is extracted. We implement the proposed method to analyze its performance. The experimental results show that a very high payload of watermark (e.g. depth map) can be embedded into the JPEG compressed image and MPEG-2 video. The compression efficiency is only slightly reduced after the watermark embedding and the quality of the original image or video can be restored completely at the decoder side.

This thesis deals with development and implementation of program which enables DVB transport stream service information analysis. Theoretical part is focused on MPEG2 source coding of video signal and multiplexing into DVB transport stream. Practical part deals with program’s individual software modules implementation, which are used for data reading, their processing and presentation in form of service information. The program enables analysis of service information from live terrestrial television broadcasting DVB-T by PC card TechniSat AirStar 2 usage.

Submitted by Kamila Costa (kamilavasconceloscosta@gmail.com) on 2015-06-18T18:45:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Rodrigo Ribeiro de Oliveira.pdf: 2799682 bytes, checksum: 60b9680a231c5e27560663458d4e673d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-19T20:40:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Rodrigo Ribeiro de Oliveira.pdf: 2799682 bytes, checksum: 60b9680a231c5e27560663458d4e673d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-19T20:40:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Rodrigo Ribeiro de Oliveira.pdf: 2799682 bytes, checksum: 60b9680a231c5e27560663458d4e673d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / This PhD thesis presents a novel hardware reconfiguration methodology, which uses the digital TV broadcast signal for reconfiguring hardware modules in digital TV receivers. The proposed methodology allows hardware cores to be signaled, during the transport stream generation step, transmitted and then reassembled. At the receiver, the recovered cores are then used to reconfigure reprogrammable field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices, which are integrated into each receiver unit. Besides, content signaling allows receivers to choose between FPGA cores synthesized for different manufacturers, which enables receivers to select broadcast hardware cores related to the employed FPGA models. The results of the performed experiments, which were carried out during the development of this work, consist in a proof of concept and show the technical feasibility of this methodology, regarding reconfiguration of pre-synthesized hardware cores through the digital TV environment. Receiver manufacturers could benefit from this methodology for developing reconfigurable architectures, which would allow the incorporation of technological advances into receiver hardware and provide better control regarding product life cycle. As a result, future revisions of DTV standards could occur without the need for device replacement. / Esta tese de doutorado apresenta uma metodologia de reconfiguração de hardware, que utiliza o sinal da emissora de TV digital como base para atualizar módulos de receptores de TV digital. A metodologia proposta permite que núcleos de hardware sejam sinalizados, durante a geração do fluxo de transporte, transmitidos e posteriormente remontados. Desse modo, os núcleos recebidos são usados na reconfiguração de dispositivos baseados em lógica reprogramável (field programable gate array - FPGA), que estão integrados ao hardware de cada unidade receptora. Além disso, a sinalização de conteúdo permite a distinção entre núcleos sintetizados para FPGAs de diferentes fabricantes, o que habilita receptores de TV digital a selecionar somente núcleos de hardware relativos aos modelos de FPGA utilizados. Os resultados obtidos com os experimentos realizados, durante o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, consistem em uma prova de conceito e demonstram a viabilidade técnica do uso desta metodologia de transmissão e reconfiguração, para núcleos pré-sintetizados de hardware enviados em um ambiente de televisão digital. Fabricantes de receptores poderiam utilizar os benefícios desta metodologia para o desenvolvimento de arquiteturas reconfiguráveis, o que permitiria a incorporação de avanços tecnológicos às funções de hardware do receptor e um maior controle do ciclo de vida de produto. Como resultado, futuras revisões de normas de TV Digital não resultariam em troca de equipamento.

近年來，台灣高科技廠商開始投注大量的心血在於專利申請上，由公告的美國專利數目，台灣專利權人2005年在美獲取專利數已位居美國以外國家的第三位，在這樣的數據下，應該值得驕傲，然若從訴訟案例來看，台灣廠商卻仍明顯處於被指控專利侵權的窘境，在光電產業、光儲存產業、半導體產業、IC設計業等，有相當多的案例說明台灣廠商雖然在專利的數量上已達一定的成效，但營運上卻因為專利議題而障礙重重。 許多專利聯盟案例的成功，如MPEG LA與DVD 6C都說明了以專利為基礎所產生標準後能帶來的龐大商業利益。使得標準之爭，成為國際級大集團的必爭之地。反觀台灣或是中國，近年來都有許多與標準相關的聯盟產生，但都未能為主流產品所遵循、參與。 本文藉由MPEG-2 的案例，對於技術、專利、產品、產業的相互關係作一實證的探討，並以國際級跨國公司的智權管理來分析其營運模鏈式。發現推動標準的領導廠商，在標準制訂過程中，積極地參與標準組織、轉化研發成果為專利；在專利的佈局上，也善用專利申請的技巧在各國廣佈專利；積極推廣標準成為主流後，再組成專利聯盟、訂立授權機制。 國內廠商，若要制訂標準、組成專利聯盟，應建立許多研發的配套機制，例如研發過程中，標準、產品與專利的結、產業上中下游價值鏈的安排、研發聯盟的組成等。 / Hi-tech companies in Taiwan have begun to focus their resources on patent prosecution and the added-value thereafter in recent years. According to the statistics of USPTO, Taiwan ranks 3th on the total patent granted to a foreign origin. This is clearly an achievement to be proud of. However, Taiwan companies are still subject to many infringement challenges, be they in the field of optoelectronics, optical storage, semi-conductor or IC design. Clearly the growing patent ownership has not quite resolved the intellectual property issues these companies must overcome. The success of patent pools can bring profit to companies. In cases of MPEG LA and DVD 6C, they makes standard war a critical issue to international companies. On the contrary in Taiwan and China, many alliances aiming to promote standard fail to become standard finally. The case of MPEG-2 is analyzed in the aspects of technology, patent, product, industry and also their interactions. In addition, the IP management of the business model is also discussed. We found the leading company of industrial standard are aggressively participating the standard organization and applying patents. In patent application, there were skillfully in filing patents in different countries. After the technology become dominant standards, they start to form patent pool and build the license mechanism. Domestic companies should establish the infrastructure of R&D before setting standard and forming patent pool. For example, the connections of standard, product development, patent application, industrial value chain and R&D alliance should be planed and established during R&D process.