Numerosos procesos en la industria química fina, consistentes en reacciones orgánicas en fase líquida, utilizan sales o complejos de metales de trasición como catalizadores ácidos de Lewis homogéneos por la capacidad de coordinación de los metales en disolución con los consiguientes problemas en la recuperación de productos, siendo el uso de catalizadores sólidos una ventaja operativa. Se pueden obtener catalizadores sólidos ácidos de Lewis potencialmente activos y selectivos en reacciones ácido-.base típicas, y también en procesos de tipo redox, mediante la incorporación de especies metálicas con vacantes en su entorno de coordinación en matrices inorgánicas adecuadamente seleccionadas. En esta tesis doctoral se han desarrollado una serie de catalizadores sólidos del tipo ácidos de Lewis en los que los centros metálicos activos están aislados y homogéneamente distribuidos ("single site catalysts"). La acidez de Lewis de estos catalizadores nos ha permitiido llevar a cabo un amplio espectro de reacciones de oxidación, que van desde las epoxidaciones de olefinas a las oxidaciones del tipo MPV-O, pasando por la oxidación de sulfuros a sulfonas. En todos los casos se ha intentado profundizar en el conocimiento de la reacciones y dilucidar las interacciones físico-químicas de los reactiivos con el catalizador para cada uno de los diferentes casos estudiados, para luego extrapolar el conocimiento adquirido a procesos de interés industrial, con el próposito de aportar soluciones a problemas existentes en el área de la química fina. / Domine ., ME. (2003). Solidos ácidos de Lewis como catalizadores heterogéneos en reacciones de oxidación de interés en química fina [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/2181

Green chemistry principles have been applied to the enhancement of two industrial chemistry problems. An industrially used reaction to form alcohols from aldehydes and ketones, the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction, was improved by introducing a new catalyst Al(OtBu)₃. Due to the lower state of aggregation of this catalyst versus the conventional Al(OiPr)₃ catalyst, reduction rates were found to be faster in both pure iPrOH and mixed solvent systems for three model compounds: benzaldehyde, acetophenone, and a complex, chiral ketone, (S)-CMK. This allowed for the successful implementation of two important milestones; lowering the amount of catalyst needed necessary to complete the reactions (an economic benefit and lower waste) and the conversion from traditional batch reactions to continuous flow (a processing benefit) whereby reactions can be scaled-out rather than scaled-up. Another industrially important field of research that was focused on was CO₂ capture. High energy demands from current CO₂ capture methods such as aqueous amine solvents, specifically from coal-fired power plant flue gas, led to the development of non-aqueous reversible ionic liquids based on silylated amines. Structural modifications of the substitution around the silicon atom, the length of the alkyl chain bonding the silicon and amine, branching along the alkyl backbone, and investigating secondary and primary amines within this class of silylated amines were completed. These amines were reacted with CO₂ and the CO₂ capacity, the ionic liquid viscosity, reversal temperature and reaction enthalpy were all considered as a function of structure. In all cases the capacity was found to be not only greater than that of monethanolamine, an industrial standard, but higher than theoretical predictions through the formation of carbamic acid. Viscosity, reversal temperature, and reaction enthalpy were all found to be tunable through structure. These modifications gave significant insight into the necessary direction for optimization of these solvents as energy-efficient replacements of current CO₂ capture technology.

The project inspects and discusses improvements of the technical assistance of Change Management support within IT service provider. The primary objective of the procet is to analyse and implement a new software tool to display possible improvements. This project involves whole software development proces including requirements collection, systém analysis, design, implementation. In the first part, the IT service management, especially Change Management area and ITIL methodology is described. In the second part, the analysis of current state of the proces implementation and software tool is discussed and proposed opportunities for improvement. In the end, the results are summarized and possibilities of the future improvements are proposed.