La presente investigación tiene como objetivo examinar el efecto de la política macroprudencial en el riesgo de insolvencia de las entidades bancarias en el Perú. Las herramientas que se estudian son las provisiones dinámicas, los requerimientos de capital, los requerimientos de encaje en moneda nacional y en moneda extranjera. El periodo de estudio comprende desde el año 2011 hasta el 2019 y el análisis se realiza a través de un panel dinámico. Los resultados indican que la política macroprudencial ha sido efectiva para disminuir el riesgo de insolvencia de las entidades bancarias pero de manera parcial, ya que solo los requerimientos de capital y los requerimientos de encaje en moneda extranjera tienen significancia estadística. La no significancia de los requerimientos de encaje en moneda nacional se pueden deber a que estos se han mantenido en valores estables y que pueden ser efectivos para otros objetivos intermedios. Con respecto a las provisiones dinámicas, estas solo han estado activas durante un periodo corto de tiempo, lo cual se podría deber a que el criterio está asociado al ciclo económico y no al ciclo financiero. Asimismo, se encuentra que algunas características originan que los bancos se encuentren menos expuestos al riesgo de insolvencia, tales como el grado de capitalización, la estructura de financiamiento, el tamaño y su nivel de actividad. / The aim of this investigation is to examine the effect of macroprudential policy on the banks’ risk of insolvency in Peru. The tools included are dynamic provisions, capital requirements, and the requirements for assembling in national currency and foreign currency. The study period runs from 2011 to 2019 and the analysis is done through a dynamic panel. The results indicate that the macroprudential policy has been effective in reducing the risk of insolvency of banks, but only partially, because only capital requirements and the requirements on reserve for foreign currency have statistical significance. The non-significance of the reserve requirements in national currency may be due to the fact that they have been maintained at stable values and that they may be effective for other intermediate objectives. With regard to the dynamic provisions, they have only been active for a short period of time, which could be due to the fact that the criterion is associated with the economic cycle and not with the financial cycle. Likewise, it is found that some characteristics cause banks to be less exposed to insolvency risk, such as such as the degree of capitalization, the financing structure, the size and their level of activity. / Trabajo de investigación

The diploma thesis is mainly focused on the housing market and central bank's (supervisory authority's) potential reactions to risks arising from it. The thesis provides a broader perspective of the housing market so that the first part is devoted to the liquidity surplus as it is closely connected with the housing market. The next part of the thesis focuses on housing price bubbles and subsequent bursts as well as the tools of the central bank (supervisory authority) to mitigate such risks. It is discussed whether using monetary policy to affect house prices that do not reflect fundamentals is advisable. Macroprudential policy with its tools is introduced as an alternative. Special attention is paid to the Czech housing market.