The master's thesis Theoretical Problems of Spanish Lexicography introduces issues associated with creating general monolingual dictionaries. The thesis has two main objectives. Firstly, it aims to summarise the most frequent lexicographic issues and attempt to find their suitable solutions in practice through an analysis of significant research studies dealing with this subject. The issues have been divided into two groups depending on whether they regard the macrostructure (collection of dictionary entries) or microstructure (collection of headword information). As for the macrostructure, one of the main issues is posed by determining the criteria for the selection of dictionary entries. Modern descriptive lexicography considers lexical unit usage frequency to be the main criterion. The macrostructure of general monolingual dictionaries should generally not include proper nouns while productive affixes and affixoids, phraseological units with a high degree of idiomaticity, abbreviations and frequently used neologisms should be included. The thesis also explores the issue of distinguishing between cases of homonymy and polysemy and its impact on lexicographic practice. The chapter on microstructure focuses primarily on the issues of constructing lexicographic definitions with user...

Orientador: Ricardo Enrique Medrano / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T00:41:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 QuilodranAlarcon_OscarEduardo_D.pdf: 15548788 bytes, checksum: 4505ace06d773524a32cc732adb31371 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Os ferros fundidos cinzentos se classificam conforme sua resistência à tração, mas o ensaio de tração dos corpos de prova é lento e inadequado para ser utilizado no controle da produção. A resistência à compressão entre cunhas, mais fácil e rápida de avaliar, está relacionada com a resistência à tração dos ferros fundidos cinzentos por meio de uma equação linear, permitindo a determinação indireta desta última. O objetivo deste trabalho é retomar a pesquisa das características mecânicas dos ferros fundidos cinzentos, mediante a utilização dos ensaios de tração e compressão entre cunhas. Os resultados conseguiram-se s através da fabricação, ensaio e análise metalográfica e de fratura de materiais das classes NBR FC150 a FC300, não ligados (com diversos teores de fósforo e tratamentos térmicos de recozido) e levemente ligados no estado bruto de fusão (fundidos em condições diversas). O ensaio de compressão entre cunhas aplica-se para verificar a qualidade de mancais de FC200. Discute-se a influência das fases no comportamento mecânico, define-se a curva de compressão entre cunhas, o significado das regiões das curvas de tração e de compressão entre cunhas, e verifica-se a relação entre ambas resistências. Demonstra-se que a curva de compressão entre cunhas pode ser utilizada no controle estatístico de processos. Os ensaios de tração realizados com ciclos de carregamento e descarregamento sucessivos conduzem a curvas de tensão de tração relativa versus deformações recuperáveis e permanentes, utilizáveis na melhoria do projeto mecânico. Propõe-se a aplicação da curva de compressão entre cunhas na avaliação da tenacidade à fratura / Abstract: Grey cast irons are classified based on of their tensile strength, but tensile test is slow to perform and inadequate to be used for online quality control. The wedge srength is easer and faster to perform and it is related with the tensile strength of grey cast irons trhough a linear equation. This equation allows the indirect determination of the tensile strength. The aim of the present work is to address the research of the mechanical characteristics of grey cast irons, by focusing the study on the use of tensile and wedge penetration tests. The results were obtained by casting, tensile and wedge penetration testings, and through metallographic and fracture analysis on NBR- FC150 to FC300 no alloyed (several phosphor levels and annealing heat treatments) and as-cast low alloyed materials (using different casting conditions). The wedge penetration test is used for verifying the quality of structural bearings ofNBR-FC200 cast iron. It is discussed influence of phases on the mechanical behavior. It is defined the meaning of each region of tensile and wedge penetration curves and verified the relationship between tensile and wedge penetration strengths. It is shown that the wedge penetration curve can be used on statistical process control. The loading and unloading tensile test lead to curves of relative tension versus recoverable and permanent deformation which enhance mechanical projets. It is proposed to evaluate the fracture toughness of grey cast irons by the wedge compression curve / Doutorado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica

The master thesis deals with the technology of surface hardening of steels by high power diode laser. The thesis is an experiment of surface hardening of steel 12 050 on various parameters of speed movement of the laser head and used power. At first, the work deals with the possible technology of surface hardening, industrial lasers and possible methods for measuring hardness. It describes the material used and the evaluation of the macrostructure and microstructure of the samples and evaluates the achievement of hardness, depending on the distance from the surface. The results are used to assess the suitability of the parameters during quenching.