ABSTRACT An investigative study of Taiwan¡¦s temporary placement policy, management approaches and strategies concerning fishery workers imported from Mainland China From the perspectives of ¡¥economic repercussion,¡¦ ¡¥social impact,¡¦ ¡¥regulation¡¦ and ¡¥¡¦managerial strategy¡¦, this research seeks to derive, not only from the discussion of the necessity of employing mainland workers in Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry but also the examination of policy concerning the temporary placement of Mainland workers while working onboard Taiwanese fishing vessels, the core issues and bottlenecks facing Taiwan¡¦s imports of fishery workers from Mainland and the discrepancies between what we intend to and what we¡¦ve been able to achieve through the implementation of such policy. Researches have shown that by importing fishery workers from Mainland, Taiwan has indeed been able to temporarily alleviate the various problems caused by the labor shortage in its fishing industry. What¡¦s more, it has long become a regular practice for the Taiwanese government to formulate its policy concerning fishery workers¡¦ management and their temporary placement through the usual process of policy-making, after having taken Taiwan¡¦s national security into consideration. Similarly, the fishing-boat operators have been determining their own course of action regarding the placement and management of their employees. Their eventual decisions are more often than not based on what they perceive is the most cost-effective and also their personal preference and past experience in dealing with Mainland workers. However, several issues have been brought to surface by the researchers after they revealed evidence obtained from the study of historical facts, policy analysis and field interview. These issues include but are not limited to the following: one, the over-reliance of the Taiwanese fishing industry on the Mainland workers; two, the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the managing policy regarding the Mainland workers; and three, the lack of descent living conditions and the inadequate basic human rights granted to the Mainland workers. Several other issues have also been brought to attention after further analysis. Fishing boat operators and those involved with the Taiwan Provincial Fishery Association have expressed their concerns over the development and transformation of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry. Most believe that problems such as the lack of governmental guidance, the strict application of fishing policy, the precarious fishing boat operating environment and the difficulty of transforming Taiwanese fishing industry will only be exacerbated by a ban on imports of fishery workers from Mainland. Such concerns only further confirm the fact that Chinese workers are vital not only to Taiwan¡¦s traditional fishing industry but also to the recreational fishing business. This research ends with the conclusion that mainland Chinese fishery workers are the major labor force needed for the development of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry. The delicate political state between Taiwan and the Mainland however, has given rise to the many problems we see today in the employment process and placement management concerning Mainland fishery workers. Analysts have argued that the Taiwanese authority should pragmatically bring up such issues into discussion with its Mainland counterparts under the guideline of ¡¥general business affairs¡¦ in order to effectively resolve employment issues and to open up channels for more constructive dialogues. Furthermore, having taken into consideration matters such as national security and economic development, the authorities concerned need to improve the policy and guidelines under which temporary placement management is carried out and the protection of human rights is guaranteed in order to maximize the development of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry and to broaden safety provisions for everyone involved.

This dissertation examined the effect of year-long study abroad program on the development of intercultural sensitivity among the Mainland Chinese high school students. The sample consisted of 50 study abroad participants and 50 students on home campus. The instrument Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) was employed to assess the intercultural sensitivity level of Mainland Chinese students before and after study abroad experience. The paired samples t-test results reveal that study abroad students did not make statistically significant gains in the overall intercultural sensitivity through participation in the year-long study abroad program. Although there were statistically significant differences in the posttest ethnorelative scales between study abroad students and students on the home campus, the study abroad students did not make significantly greater progress in their overall intercultural sensitivity between the pretest and posttest than the comparison group. The regression results indicated that the independent variable of total amount of previous intercultural experience significantly contributed to the development of intercultural sensitivity.On average, study abroad students participants were in the stage of Minimization as measured by IDI prior to study abroad and remained at the same stage by the conclusion of the study abroad experience. The findings imply that the study abroad program needs to provide support to increase students’ skills and sensitivity so that they can deal effectively with cultural differences.

Exchanges between Taiwan and China across the strait have become more frequent since Taiwan¡¦s abolishment of the martial law on July 16th, 1987, and deregulation of the restrictions on family visit to China on November 2nd the same year. The mainland Chinese people have longed for going to Taiwan to earn a living, and are engaged in illegal activities in Taiwan one after another. Consequently, many are involved in the violation of Article 18 of the Act Governing Relations Between The People Of The Taiwan Area And The Mainland Area, and hence detained. Detention is a transient measure that prevents the persons concerned from escaping from deportation by constraining their personal freedom, rather than a punitive measure. But due to the lack of a comprehensive mechanism for detention, detention centers are administered individually by different administrative agencies. In some occasions, extended detention is like taking the detained person into custody, and even without a definite term of detention. This poses a serious harm to Taiwan¡¦s human rights image. Therefore, in this essay, the author reviewed the regulations and mechanism, as well as the current practices and status of detention in the mainland Chinese people on the basis of the five frameworks of administrative laws: Basic Principle, Administrative Organization, Administrative Competence, Administrative Remedy and Administrative Supervision, and by means of literature review, comparative analysis and historical induction. Recommendations are also made for the existing regulations and mechanism, in an expectation to achieve more comprehensive detention administration.

With the 2016 election of Tsai Ing-wen and the Democratic People’s Party, the number of Mainland Chinese visitors in Taiwan has fallen precipitously. There is much debate as to whether or not this will prove to be a catastrophe for Taiwan’s tourism sector or whether it will even be felt. The purpose of this thesis is to ascertain the impact of the reduction in Mainland Chinese tourist numbers on the economy, and what it may mean for China-Taiwan economic and political relations. Due to the large amount Mainland Chinese tourists spend relative to other visitors, their length of stay, and their propensity for traveling to locations rarely visited by other types of tourists, the decrease in Mainland Chinese visitor numbers will have negative consequences for some parts of the Taiwanese economy. Furthermore, Chinese tourism trends in Taiwan correlate with larger Cross-Strait economic concerns, implying that what happens with tourism may be mirrored in trade. Should this prove to be the case, a cooling of China-Taiwan economic relations may be an indicator of difficult times for the China-Taiwan relationship as a whole. However, there is certainly opportunity for Taiwan’s tourism sector, and there is evidence that by refocusing on a more diverse array of visitors, Taiwan is capable managing without such heavy, and coercive, Chinese influence.

Chinese society has greatly emphasized filial piety and other related societal norms. This thesis explores how Mainland Chinese international students, especially those who are from one-child households, maintain their familial responsibilities while studying in Canada away from home. The research is framed by the family migration strategy literature and empirically adopts a qualitative approach. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with Mainland Chinese international students are undertaken. The findings show that as with many other types of migration, student migration, in this case, is a familial decision. To a certain extent, obtaining a foreign degree is the foundation for fulfilling familial responsibilities in the future. In addition, a new concept, delay remittances, is introduced as a way of conceptualizing the concrete meaning of familial responsibility for Mainland Chinese international students. The findings also show that the most significant tension for Mainland Chinese international is related to the uncertainty of how and where they will be able to fulfill their familial obligations to their parents.

The film industry in Mainland China has grown rapidly in the 2010s, and in particular, local crime films have emerged over the past decade as a unique cinematic phenomenon that epitomizes China’s political and cultural system and social realities. As little is known about this phenomenon in the West, this thesis would provide a comprehensive review of the history of Chinese crime cinema, with a focus on the development and characteristics of the genre in the 2010s. The introduction defines the object and scope of the study, and briefly introduce the context of the Chinese film industry. The first chapter outlines the different forms of crime films in Mainland China before the 2010s, the strict content censorship in China, and the impact of Hong Kong and Korean films on Mainland Chinese cinema. The second and third chapter reviews selected Chinese crime films released from 2011 to 2020, and interpret in detail the influential ones. The conclusion summarizes the overall trends, commonalities and current status of Chinese crime cinema.

Mainland China has undergone drastic social and economic changes in the last century. Rapid social changes often transform individual values and family structures, which directly affect the personality development process and life quality of human beings. The review of English and Chinese-language publications will enhance the readers¡¯ understanding of the Mainland Chinese personality features, coping resources and social changes. The research assessed the impact of social changes on the patterns of personality traits, stress coping resources, and life satisfaction of 2359 people in Mainland China. Participants completed three surveys: 1) the Coping Resources Inventory for Stress (CRIS) (Matheny, Curlette, Aycock, Pugh, & Taylor, 1987), 2) Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larson, & Griffin, 1985), and 3) Basic Adlerian Scales of Interpersonal Success-Adult Inventory (Wheeler, Kern, & Curlette, 1995). Pearson Correlations, Univariate analysis of variance, Multivariate analysis of variance, and Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between personality types, stress coping resources, and life satisfaction for three generations. Income and gender factors were considered in analysis. The three generations do not have significant difference in personality as measured by BASIS-A. Females scored higher than males on Entitlement, Financial Freedom, and Satisfaction with Life. High income group scored significantly higher than middle and low income groups on Belonging-Social Interest, Softness, Taking Charge, and Wanting Recognition, Self Disclosure, Social Support, Financial Freedom, Physical Health, and Physical Fitness. Old generation scored significantly higher than the middle and young generations on Structuring and Satisfaction with Life. Old generation with low income scored significantly higher on Satisfaction with Life than young generation with high income. Within the young generation, middle income group perceived more Financial Freedom and Satisfaction with Life than the high and low income groups. Females with high income perceived less Physical Fitness than females with low and medium income. Entitlement, Financial Freedom, Coping Resource Effectiveness, age, and Belonging-Social Interest are found to be predictors of Satisfaction with Life among Chinese people. Findings of this study have important implications for the design of training programs aimed at assisting Chinese individuals and families to cope more healthfully with distressing circumstances and events. The results should also be useful in developing cross-cultural mental health tests.

In recent years, growing numbers of Mainland Chinese elders are participating in Christian congregations during short visits or extended stays in the U.S. This thesis explores social and cultural factors that explain these immigrant elders’ involvement with Christianity while in the U.S. Based on face-to-face interviews with 20 Mainland Chinese elders living in Atlanta as well as participant observation at a Chinese Christian church and with a Bible study group, this study finds that loneliness and social isolation in a foreign land are the main reasons for Mainland Chinese elders’ participation in Christian activities. Besides religious services, social service functions of churches and opportunities for fellowship are other factors explaining church involvement. Long immersion with China’s religious history of syncretism renders these elders receptive to spiritual alternatives, such as Christianity, especially when dominant ideologies of Confucianism and Communism seem to be in decline in China. But most elders approach their Christian involvement with pragmatic selectivity based more on secular than religious considerations. In conclusion, I argue that social isolation and minority ethnic status, Chinese Christian Churches’ social functions, and current social contexts in China are all factors that help explain Chinese elders’ religious involvement in the U.S.

This study reviewed current Taiwan abroad-employed related regulations, administrations and fishery labor globalization with related researches so as to further probe the abroad-employed fishery workers in Tong-Kang Area of Pingtung County. Due to the unique labor import mechanism and special political situation between Taiwan and China, mainland Chinese and foreign abroad-employed fishmen have very different ways of restrictions on border crossing, working restriction and life and culture adoption. This study conducts face-to-face interviewed with government officials, union staffs, ship owners, and fishery workers to clarify the role, status of abroad-employed institution and to explore and discuss the possible future amendment for policy makers. After analyzing the interviews of the 12 cases, there are 8 main findings as follows: 1. the abroad-employed fishery play a strong and positive role on fishery labor supplement; 2.ship owners and workers expect working permits when ashore; 3.the difference and coexist of abroad and domestic employing policy, lower the number of local fishery workers and obstruct the development; 4. the institutional difference and coexist of abroad and domestic employing contribute to management chaos; 5. future policy amendment is inevitable; 6. Jumping ship cases (fishermen escape from legitimate employer) might be caused by malfunction of management and life adaption; 7. Compulsive confinement for mainland Chinese fish men need to be renamed for humanistic reasons; 8. The government ought to improve and supervise the operation of confinement centers. Based on the findings, we suggest that 1. Compulsive confinement policy and the ban on working seem adjustable; 2. Giving working permit and individual life consulting could help improve working efficiency; 3. The integration of competent authorities including fishery, immigration, quarantine, the police, mainland affairs council, will benefit the continuity of Fishery workers¡¦ abroad-employing policy.

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