Baseada em pesquisa etnográfica envolvendo observação participante e entrevistas em profundidade realizadas entre 2011 e 2013, a proposta deste trabalho consiste em investigar a maneira pela qual homens de meia-idade provenientes de camadas médias e residentes na cidade de São Paulo experimentam e percebem transformações relativas à visibilidade homossexual ao longo de suas vidas e, mais especialmente, das últimas três décadas. A partir de uma análise dos discursos, tento construir junto aos interlocutores uma dialética que leva em conta tanto a experiência subjetiva de pertencimento a um grupo tradicionalmente marginalizado quanto a posição sócio-histórica que ocupam. Aqui, entram em jogo vários marcos, como o final da ditadura militar e a abertura política do Brasil, os pânicos morais suscitados pelo advento da epidemia de HIV/AIDS em meados da década de 1980 e a participação de alguns deles em movimentos sociais. Alvo de discussões acaloradas no cenário político nacional, exploro também suas posições sobre acontecimentos mais recentes, como o surgimento das Paradas do Orgulho LGBT e os embates envolvendo o reconhecimento das uniões homoafetivas e a criminalização da homofobia no país. Ao mesmo tempo, problematizo o marcador geração e procuro entender as diferenças que apontam entre eles e os mais jovens. / Drawing on ethnographic research involving participant observation and in-depth interviews conducted between 2011 and 2013, this study investigates the way by which middle-class, middle-aged men from São Paulo experience and perceive transformations of homosexual visibility throughout their lives and most especially over the last three decades. Analyzing their discourses, I try to build with interlocutors a dialectic that takes into account both the subjective experience of belonging to a traditionally marginalized group and the socio-historical position they occupy. Various landmarks come into play, such as the end of the military dictatorship and the political openness in Brazil, the moral panics brought on by the emergence of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the mid-1980s and the participation of some in social movements. Subjects of heated debates in the national political scene, I also explore their positions on more recent events such as the emergence of LGBT Pride Parades and the clashes involving the recognition of same-sex unions and the criminalization of homophobic discrimination in the country. At the same time, I question the label generation and try to understand the differences they point between themselves and the younger.

The representation of homosexuality in the Brazilian cinema of the 1960s and 1970s is generally dismissed as homophobic on the grounds that it confirms stereotypical and oppressive views of homosexual men. While it is true that many films produced during the era repeat conventional notions of sexual identity, this dismissal arguably overlooks a variety of subtle and subversive representations of homosexuality. To contest the prevailing view, eleven films have been selected from important movements of Brazilian cinema of the period; these include examples of avant-garde and popular filmmaking. An analytical approach informed by queer theory – a critical account of homosexuality and sexual identity – is used to make a series of close readings of narrative form and content. It is suggested that the apparent heterosexism of many of the films is shown to be tacitly or accidentally subverted via the implication that sexual identity is unstable and contested. A number of films are shown to illustrate ways in which oppressive hierarchies might be disabled through a reconfiguring of homosexual identity. It is argued that film form – the films’ self-referential or reflexive aspects, as well as the way in which the films construct spectating positions – is the central factor in subverting conventional views of homosexuality. Such form facilitates multiple readings of the content, therefore enabling a queer interpretation to be posited. Ultimately, it is argued that the value of these films lies in the sometimes contradictory fashion in which they present oppressive notions of homosexuality on-screen while at the same time gesturing towards ways in which such oppression could be challenged.

Orientador: Guita Grin Debert / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T12:34:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henning_CarlosEduardo_D.pdf: 5883694 bytes, checksum: e026ad9c207678bcd0cf8f172ec82a2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta etnografia examina o entrelaçamento de marcadores sociais como envelhecimento, meia idade, velhice, sexualidade, homoerotismo e relações intergeracionais. O objetivo central é compreender como as experiências de envelhecimento e sexualidade nas fases mais avançadas da vida são narradas por homens que se utilizam de sites que propiciam interações homoeróticas pela internet. Com essa finalidade - e tendo como base uma metodologia qualitativa, envolvendo entrevistas em profundidade, conversas informais on line e presenciais, assim como observação participante - as seguintes questões foram exploradas: a circulação e administração de categorias sociais de nomeação associadas à valorização ou depreciação de homens maduros com práticas sexuais homoeróticas; a instituição narrativa de distintas temporalidades e sensibilidades geracionais; o modo pelo qual modelos positivos de envelhecimento entre homens com práticas sexuais homoeróticas e/ou que se identificam como homossexuais tem sido gestados; as percepções êmicas relativas às transformações sócio-espaciais quanto às práticas e identidades homossexuais nas últimas décadas e, por fim, as formas singulares de gestão pessoal das fontes de suporte social no envelhecimento desses indivíduos. O universo pesquisado é composto por homens que, em sua maioria, consideravam-se de classes médias, brancos, com formação educacional relativamente alta, profundamente imiscuídos nas interações mediadas pela internet, que estão entre os 45 e os 70 anos de idade e são residentes na região metropolitana da cidade de São Paulo. Para esse público a inserção nas interações sociais mediadas pela internet, em grande medida, impactou positivamente os horizontes de possibilidades tanto de homens com práticas sexuais homoeróticas e que não se identificam como homossexuais, quanto para aqueles que o fazem. Essa inserção foi narrada como possibilitando a constituição ampliada de novas amizades e de relacionamentos erótico-afetivos no contemporâneo. Ademais, em contraposição a uma das versões do que se convencionou chamar de Gerontologia LGBT - a qual frisa cenários mais "vitimizantes", "desempoderados" e fundados em estruturas de submetimento e depreciação erótico-social com o avanço da idade ¿ esse trabalho atentou para as formas de negociação e de agência desses homens frente às oportunidades e os desafios que eles eventualmente afirmavam enfrentar no decorrer de suas vidas e em particular em seus processos de envelhecimento / Abstract: This ethnography examines the intertwining of social markers such as aging, middle age, old age, sexuality, homoeroticism and intergenerational relations. The central goal is to understand how the experiences of aging and sexuality later in life are narrated by men who use websites that provide homoerotic interactions. To this end - and based on a qualitative methodology involving in-depth interviews, "on line" and "off line" informal conversations as well as participant observation - the following questions were explored: a) the management of social categories associated to mature men with homoerotic sexual practices; b) the narrative construction of temporal and generational sensibilities; c) the ways in which positive models of aging among men with homoerotic sexual practices and / or that identify themselves as homosexual have been gestated; d) the perceptions concerning the socio-spatial transformations regarding homosexual practices and identities in recent decades and, finally, e) the management of the social support networks in the aging processes of these individuals. The universe studied is composed of men who, in most cases, considered themselves as middle class, white, with a moderately high educational background, deeply involved in on line interactions, which have between 45 and 70 years old and live in São Paulo. For these men on line interactions have impacted in a positive way. These interactions were narrated as enabling significant new friendships and erotic relationships. Moreover, in contrast to some authors of the so-called LGBT Gerontology - who tend to overemphasize victimizing and disempowered scenarios as years go by - this work has foregrounded some relevant forms of agency throughout the lives and aging processes of the men who made part of my research / Doutorado / Antropologia Social / Doutor em Antropologia Social

No description available.

[pt] O objetivo desta tese é interpretar e explicar a multiplicidade das espacialidades homossexuais masculinas produzidas numa sociedade ainda dominada por um discurso heteronormativo e exemplificadas nos filmes Brokeback Mountain, Praia do Futuro e Moonlight. Na atualidade, as questões acerca das identidades sexuais e de gênero vêm ganhando maior destaque em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Neste trabalho, trazemos tais questões para a ciência geográfica, pois acreditamos que a pluralidade sexual e de gênero precisa ser vista e compreendida a partir de sujeitos com múltiplas trajetórias e particularidades que se cruzam, se conectam e se desconectam, produzindo assim múltiplas geografias, múltiplas espacialidades. Ao nos referirmos aos homossexuais masculinos, percebemos que, em função da homofobia que perdura durante séculos na sociedade, muitos deles tendem a produzir espacialidades desviantes às hegemônicas da heteronorma, como as observadas nos filmes que compõem nossa base empírica. Procuramos realizar uma análise fílmica que ultrapasse a fronteira do entretenimento e nos permita um olhar crítico sobre o mundo em que vivemos e, com isso, evidenciar a produção de espacialidades homossexuais masculinas como um momento inserido num movimento de construção de espacialidades nas quais a desigualdades sejam eliminadas e o direito à diferença esteja garantido. / [en] The objective of this thesis is to interpret and explain the multiplicity of male homosexual spatialities produced in a society still dominated by a heteronormative discourse and exemplified in the films Brokeback Mountain, Praia do Futuro and Moonlight. Currently, issues about sexual and gender identities are gaining greater prominence in different areas of knowledge. In this thesis, we bring such questions to geography, as we believe that sexual and gender plurality needs to be seen and understood from subjects with multiple trajectories and particularities that intersect, connect and disconnect, thus producing multiple geographies, multiple spatialities. When referring to male homosexuals, we realize that, due to the homophobia that lasts for centuries in society, many of them produce spatialities that deviate from the hegemonic heteronormativity, such as those observed in the films Brokeback Mountain, Praia do Futuro and Moonlight. We emphasize the production of male homosexual spatialities as a moment inserted in a movement of construction of spatialities in which inequalities are eliminated and the right to difference is guaranteed.

每當提及中國古代男色關係時，閱史不深者 ，或未能打破「異性戀常規」的刻板印象，以為男色關係不曾存在於強調傳宗接代、褒揚孝道文化的中國傳統社會中；或習慣援引現代西方病理化同性戀的論述，將男色污名化，視之為少數人的反常嗜好。稍識其事者，能不致於偏聽權力知識所傳播的一種論述，知悉歷史上男色關係曾流行成風，卻僅憑表象，而無太多實證的情況下，論斷中國社會曾寬容對待男色關係，未察這種歸納委實過度簡單化，未能理解環繞男色所建立的關係複雜性。以本文所述的陳維崧及徐紫雲二人關係為例，即使能微觀男色關係的研究者亦多以陳維崧的文字為憑，復以情感層面的框架定位出男色關係，使其對男色關係的解讀不免流於主觀，亦欠卻對徐紫雲的主體性的關懷。 / 本文對應上述三種對男色關係的理解，回饋三種層次的知識：知從前所未知；對往昔一知半解者，豐富其所知；對已知者，復稽其所知。前緣部份，吐露筆者建基於在地性及人文關懷的研究動機。第一章解釋以男色命名關係的原由，及在前現代──現代─後現代、西方──東方的脈絡中，略陳前人研究的語境，並綜述其研究內容。第二章則透過彙整史料，呈示明末清初的男色生態，並探討造就該現象的時代因素。第三章講述陳維崧的生平故事。第四章除整理陳、徐二人的生平和交往，更討論「異性戀常規」如何令男色關係陷於失語的狀態。並關懷二人各自的主體性，更具深度地考量這段男色關係的性質及其操作。針對今日學界的論述如「冒襄笑遣雲郎乃完成了佔有權轉移」及「好男色者皆為雙性戀者」提出質疑。第五章聚焦於《九青圖詠》，以陳維崧與題詠者的交誼為觀察窗口，對題詠內容再作解讀，透析一種鮮有學者提及的客套之情，以豐富學界對箇中題詠立意的解釋，從而對時人對男色大都抱有欣賞之意的看法作出反思。第六章總結並歸納全文要點。 / When it comes to the nanse relationship in ancient Chinese society, people who hardly comprehend the context of history may well judge that there was no breeding ground for such relationship since Chinese culture places much emphasis on the continuation of one’s ancestral line and attaches much importance to filial piety. Meanwhile some people may tend to perceive such homosexual relationship as an abnormal behavior for the minority on the basis of modern western discourse of pathologized homosexuality, thus turning a blind eye to this stigmatized aspect. To those who somewhat understand the past, they might be able to extend their vision beyond what has been produced by the power knowledge, and thus would realize that there were various kinds of nanse relationships among different classes. They however might merely emphasize the popularity of the phenomena and conclude that such relationship was commonly tolerated. Such oversimplified argumentation would contribute to a kind of biased comprehension in which the nature of nanse relationship can by no means be concretely captured. Even to those who conduct micro study of nanse relationship, take my case of Chen Weisong and Xu Ziyun as an example, they usually capitalize on Chen’s literary works in discussing nanse relationship in terms of emotion regardless of the limitation of such subjective interpretation. And Less attention has been paid to the issue of Xu Ziyun’s subjectivity. / To remedy the above problem, this thesis is to produce three kinds of knowledge according to the aforementioned different levels of comprehension of nanse relationship, using the Chen-Xu relationship as a case to tell those without the knowledge of the history the neglected story, to inform those having half-baked knowledge, and to enrich the existing scholarship by reviewing the issue. To begin the thesis with a foreword, I declear my research motive which is related to a kind of local and humanistic concern. The first chapter explains the reasons for using nanse to name the male-male relationship in ancient Chinese society and reviews the previous studies in the Pre-Modern─Modern─Post-Modern and the West－East context. The second chapter shows the phenomenon of nanse relationship during late Ming and early Qing period and explicates its popularity. The third chapter introduces Chen Weisong’s life. The fourth chapter not only describes how Chen and Xu interacted, but also analyses how nanse relationship was misplaced owing to the operation of heteronormativity. In so doing, I provide the scholarship with an insight into Chen-Xu’s nanse relationship with emphasis on their subjectivities. In the midst of my argumentation, existing scholarly observations such as "Mao Xiang sent Ziyun to Chen to indicate the completion of shifting possession", "those immersing in Nanse are all bisexual," and so forth are challenged. The fifth chapter focuses on the picture Jiuqing tuyong and interprets the pomes on it by explicating the relationship between the poets and Chen, thus detecting a kind of civilities that existed among them. This discovery can enrich the existing scholarship concerning the poests’ objectives of writing the poems so as to respond to the question about their appreciation of nanse relationship. The sixth chapter concludes the thesis by highlighting the vital points mentioned in the previous chapters. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 李俊威. / Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-273). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Li Junwei.

I contend in this study that commercial novels and theater from early twentiethcentury Spain often present male (homo)sexual characters as a point of constellation for anxieties regarding modernization in Madrid and Barcelona. In works by Jacinto Benavente, Josep Maria de Sagarra, El Caballero Audaz (José María Carretero), Antonio de Hoyos y Vinent, Carmen de Burgos, Álvaro Retana, Eduardo Zamacois, and Alfonso Hernández-Catá, concerns about technological and socioeconomic change converge upon hustlers and blackmailers, queer seducers, and chaste inverts. I examine these figures alongside an allegorical interpretation of Goethe’s Faust in Marshall Berman’s book All That is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity (1982) in order to foreground their varying responses to modern innovation. They alternately sell themselves to prosper under consumer capitalism, seduce others into savoring the pleasures of city life, or fall tragically to the conflicting pressures of tradition and change. In the process, they reveal the fear and enthusiasm of their creators vis-à-vis rapid urbanization, fluctuating class hierarchies, the commercialization of art, and the medicalization of sex from the turn of the nineteenth century to the Spanish Civil War. From a methodological standpoint, I argue that close readings of commercial works are worthwhile for what they reveal about the discursive framing of modernity and male (homo)sexualities in Spain in the early 1900s. Hence, I use techniques of literary analysis previously reserved for canonical writers such as Federico García Lorca and Luis Cernuda to discuss texts produced by their bestselling contemporaries, none of whom has been equally scrutinized by subsequent criticism. Existing scholarship on modernity and sexuality in Spain and abroad helps contextualize my detailed interpretations. Although my project is not a sustained exercise in comparative literature, I do situate Spanish works within historical and literary trends beyond Spain so as to acknowledge the interplay of transnational and local concerns surrounding modern change and sexual customs. By considering the primary texts in relation to varying temporal and geographic contexts, the dissertation aims to be of interest to a readership in and outside Hispanism, and to supplement important studies of modernity, (homo)sexualities, and literature that overlook Spain.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Pennsylvania State University, 2002. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 9, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

La recherche réalisée dans le cadre de notre thèse vise à étudier les conditions de la construction de l’énonciation de l’homosexualité masculine en proposant une analyse comparative des époques récentes. Ce qui nous intéresse alors, ce sont ainsi les supports de communication (espaces médiatiques et technologies numériques) et les formes de prise de parole. Notre thèse s’organise autour de trois parties. La première partie consiste à mettre en avant le contexte et les caractéristiques de l’énonciation de l’homosexualité. Nous proposons de revenir sur les travaux de Michel Foucault (au travers de son ouvrage La volonté de savoir) afin d’étudier la mise en discours du sexe et ainsi la construction des sexualités. Cela nous amène ainsi à identifier, à travers les époques, les variations de l’énonciation allant d’une logique du secret à une logique revendicative (voire subversive), mais également à étudier la place et les différentes conceptions du coming out. Dans une deuxième partie, nous mettons en avant les différents héritages des formes d’énonciation. Pour cela, nous évoquons les différentes manières de représenter l’homosexualité masculine au cinéma, à la télévision et dans les web séries, à travers une approche linéaire et généalogique des années 1930 à aujourd’hui. Puis, nous revenons également sur les pratiques de la drague homosexuelle selon les lieux ouverts et fermés ; ce qui nous amène alors à nous interroger sur l’existence d’une libération des formes expressives. Enfin, à partir de l’analyse de l’application mobile Grindr, nous proposons dans une troisième et dernière partie, d’identifier les différentes figures du dragueur et ses itinérances à l’heure de la géolocalisation. Nous abordons plus précisément le statut et le rapport à l’image, l’identification des différents types de regards qui s’organisent dans l’application, et les enjeux et les conséquences dans le cadre de l’énonciation de l’homosexualité. / The research conducted as part of our thesis aims at looking into the construction of the utterance of male homosexuality putting forward comparative analysis of recent times. Our concern is communication medium (media environment and digital technologies) as well as the different forms of speaking. Our thesis is organized around three parts. The first part consists in highlighting the context and the characteristics about telling homosexuality. We will suggest to revisit Michel Foucault’s work (through his work La volonté de savoir – The will to know) in order to study the implementation of the discourse about sex and then the construction of sexualities. It is also a question of identifying the variations of the self-ascription from the logic of secret to a protest or even subversive form of logic through different times, with the evocation of the place and the different aspects of “coming out”. In a second part, we will explain the different legacies of the ways to express homosexuality. We will then mention the different ways to represent male homosexuality in films, television and in web series through a linear and genealogical basis from the 1930’s until today. We will next review the practice of cruising according to open or closed areas: this will lead us to question the existence of the liberation of expressive forms. Finally, in a third and last part, we will put forward, from the mobile phone application Grindr, the identification of the different features of the cruiser as well as his roaming in a geo-tracking world. We will discuss more precisely the status and the relationship to image, the identification of the different types of views organized through the applications and the stakes and consequences as part of the utterance of homosexuality.