This thesis is an investigation of Roman pottery from the Maltese islands from the 1st century BC to the mid-4th century AD, and how pottery can help assess Malta's economic role in the wider central Mediterranean region. The archipelago's locally produced vessels, its range of ceramic exports, and the quantification of the types of amphorae, fine, and cooking wares the islands imported, were studied and the data were used to compare with the pottery available from the small islands of Pantelleria, Lampedusa and the Kerkennah isles. The aim is to revisit the theme of the economic role of the Maltese islands and other similar-sized islands in the region by moving away from the tradition of unilateral and monographic narratives, which more often than not, omit the wealth of information that can be garnered from pottery. In the first instance, a detailed study of three complete and new ceramic assemblages, including amphorae, fine, cooking and coarse wares, was undertaken. The opportunity to quantify identifiable imports and compare them with local products - the first of its kind for fine, cooking and coarse wares - provided valuable proxy data for comparing Malta with neighbouring islands and centres, and demonstrated what proportion of ceramic vessels were locally supplied, and how these changed over time. These data were also fed into a series of network analyses, which plotted the common pottery links shared between small-island and mainland sites in the region. The analyses were interpreted in conjunction with a critique of existing pottery quantification methods, and the potential acceptance for utilising all known pottery data irrespective of the quality and quantity of the published data available. Most importantly, the import trends obtained from this study were incorporated into the existing narrative of how small islands and their local industries featured in the central Mediterranean's regional economy, highlighting the types of archaeologically visible industries that existed; how these developed symbiotically alongside other larger supply networks; and what effect this might have had on the integration of small islands in the Roman Mediterranean.

No description available.

Ingeniero Civil Químico / Los colorantes son un tipo de aditivos utilizados en la industria alimenticia para cambiar el color, avivar el color natural o recuperar el color de un producto. Los colorantes pueden ser de origen artificial o natural, siendo este último el tipo de colorante más aceptado en los últimos años. Con la idea de generar nuevos productos relacionados con su área productiva, la empresa Maltexco S.A. busca generar un colorante natural a base de extracto de malta especial para ser comercializado. Un estudio previo reveló que era posible realizar colorantes naturales a partir de los extractos de malta especiales. Sin embargo, éstos afectaban el sabor y aroma de los alimentos de manera significativa, por lo cual se propuso realizar una fermentación como una alternativa para mejorar los resultados obtenidos, debido a que, en la industria cervecera, la fermentación ayuda en la eliminación de sabores y aromas indeseados en la cerveza. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las condiciones necesarias para desarrollar colorantes naturales a partir de la fermentación de extractos de malta especiales. Para ello, fue necesario determinar las condiciones para realizar la fermentación de los extractos de malta especiales, estandarizar los resultados de la fermentación de los mismos, obtener distintos colorantes a partir de la fermentación con distintos microorganismos y determinar el mejor microorganismo para producir los colorantes. El trabajo de laboratorio, realizado en el Laboratorio de Desarrollo y en el Laboratorio de Calidad de la empresa Maltexco en su planta Talagante, se inició con la elaboración de distintos extractos de malta especiales fermentados a partir de malta caramelo y malta tostada, dos tipos distintos de maltas especiales. El proceso para fermentar los extractos de malta incluyó una etapa de dilución del extracto concentrado, una etapa de hervido para esterilizar la muestra, la etapa de fermentación estudiada y una etapa final de concentración. La fermentación fue realizada principalmente con levaduras cerveceras tipo Ale y Lager, aunque también se utilizó la levadura vinícola PDM y bacterias lácticas. Entre los microorganismos mencionados, la levadura tipo Lager demostró ser la más efectiva para realizar la fermentación de los extractos de malta especiales usando la concentración final de la muestra fermentada y la atenuación aparente posterior a la fermentación como parámetros. Finalmente, el mejor colorante desarrollado se logró mediante la fermentación con levadura tipo Lager y la bacteria láctica Lactobacillus delbrueckll en conjunto, que alcanzaron una atenuación aparente de 29,35%. Por tanto, se recomienda realizar pruebas de la fermentación con estas especies, con tal de obtener las condiciones óptimas de fermentación para estos microorganismos. / Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por la Empresa Maltexco S.A.

No description available.

As a transition period from the Middle Age to modern times, Renaissance is renowned for its cultural magnitude and richness. Different from the Middle Age, Renaissance, as its name indicates, proceeds into cultural, social and economical rebirth and prosperity. Literary works in the time also achieve a high tide not only in quality but also in quantity. Among the sparkling Renaissance works, one of the distinguished achievements is English Drama. Christopher Marlowe, probably one of the most popular playwrights in his contemporary time, no doubt, stands a peculiar and distinguishing position in the early Renaissance English theater. In his short lifetime, he produced seven plays on various dramatic themes. Whether in the adaptation of mythological stories, like Dido, Queen of Carthage, or historical events such as, Edward II, Marlovian theatrical world always contains blooming vitality and grandeur language that may easily catch the viewer¡¦s eyes. Marlowe¡¦s plays usually center on the process of the fulfillment of a person¡¦s desire and an individual¡¦s pursue for personal achievement. It is not a task to observe certain patterns manipulated in Marlowe¡¦s plays. For instance, in Dr. Faustus, Faustus exchanges his soul with Mephistopheles for omnipotent knowledge which for Faustus represents mighty power and strength. In Jew of Malta, Barabas, the Jew, by all means chases infinite riches and defends his wealth owing to that his self-esteem relies on the amount of gold. Tamburlaine, who is called the Scourge and Wrath of God, endlessly conquers country after country to establish his own empire as well as to prove his masculinity. These characters are driven by the innermost desire to prove their values that are mostly built on earthly success. Their accomplishment in turn nourishes their ambitions to pursue more success that brings them power. In the project, I attempt to detect the forming of selfhood in Christopher Marlowe¡¦s two plays, Tamburlaine and The Jew of Malta. I would also like to dissect the interweaving relations between the heroes¡¦ inner impetus and their repeated speeches as well as actions of claiming their existence and how their subjectivities are displayed in the space between the inner constructive power and their outer repeated actions for pursue of success.

In the biographical sketch of Christopher Marlowe which prefaces his 1818 edition of The Jew of Malta, Oxberry wrote: "Of his (Marlowe's) family we know absolutely nothing; their very names are forgotten...Ali the genius or Marlowe...has not had the power to save the records of his life from oblivion." [...]

This study aimed at describing how the nursing profession in Malta changed between 1964 and 1996 emerging as a profession a result of circumstances and changes within and without. Change appears to have been imposed from outside the profession but Maltese nurses did not react to changes whether it was to their benefit or not. Meanwhile, the cumulative effect of various factors such as demographical changes, educational status and political decisions initiated the process of professionalisation of nursing in Malta. Source materials included archival sources and oral history interviews with twenty four interviewees consisting of nurses and other persons who were influential during the time, including politicians. These were analysed in order to produce a narrative of professionalisation of nursing in Malta. This is the first indepth study on the subject. The chosen period under study begins in 1964, the year Malta gained independence and ends in 1996, the year when the post of Nursing Director was established, thus allowing nurses a relative autonomy. Nurses were initially led by the Sisters of Charity who supervised them. Changes in the demographics of nursing, the type of preparation needed for it and the management system together with political decisions that often followed similar ones taken abroad, affected Maltese nurses. The official opening of the St Luke's School for Nurses and the introduction of nurse education at tertiary level were significant markers in the process of professionalisation. The thesis presents an insight into how Maltese nurses did not show much eagerness to reach professionalisation but were still propelled towards it by changes occurring extrinsically and then intrinsically. This is perhaps unique since nurses in other countries had nurse leaders who actively worked to reach professionalisation.

No description available.

No description available.

Le chevalier de l’Ordre de Malte est à la fois un religieux et un militaire, formé aux arts de la guerre sur terre comme en mer. La « Religion », l’Ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem, possède de nombreux biens sur le territoire français, lui conférant la particularité d’être un véritable État dans l’État. L’Ordre répartit ses possessions en Langue, dont la Langue de Provence couvrant la France méridionale constitue sa première fondation historique. Les chevaliers sont alors tenus de passer des commandes artistiques pour embellir ces biens qu’ils administrent. Certains font à cet égard figure d’esthètes en s’intéressant de près aux cercles artistiques locaux, que ceux-ci soient académiques ou non. Réalisée à partir des grands exemples connus en Langue de Provence, cette étude consiste d’abord à analyser et à définir, selon une approche sociologique, les pratiques de la commande artistique des chevaliers. Dans un second et troisième temps, il s’agit plusspécifiquement de saisir les enjeux iconographiques et stylistiques des réalisations. Enfin, les systèmes d’échanges artistiques entre Malte et la Langue de Provence sont observés. Ceux-ci témoignent du rôle des chevaliers dans l’émergence de nouvelles représentations concernant leur Ordre et son île. Cette thèse cherche à comprendre les mécanismes qui sous-tendent l’exercice du mécénat et leurs répercussions sur l’ensemble d’une production artistique. / A knight of the Order of Malta was both a monastic and a soldier trained in the arts of land and sea warfare. The “Religion” – the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem – owned much property in France, thereby earning the quality of State within a State. The Order divided its possessions into Langues, of which the Langue of Provence covering southern France was aninitial foundation. The knights had the duty to commission works of art to embellish the properties they governed. Some of them showed true aestheticism and took great interest in local artistic circles, academic or otherwise. This paper starts by taking some well-known works in the Langue of Provence to analyse and describe the practice of artistic commission by the knights from a sociological standpoint. It goes on go discuss more specifically the iconographic and stylistic features of the works and then examines the systems of art exchanges between Malta and the Langue of Provence which highlight the part played by the knights in the development of new representations of their Order and its island. The thesis aims to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms at work in the practice of patronage and their impact on artistic output as a whole.