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The purpose of this thesis is to explore how managers' practices are transforming in the digital era. This is done by looking at how digitalization is changing managerial practices as experienced by managers. The data was collected by conducting five semi-structured online interviews and three structured email interviews with managers working at Ericsson's headquarter office in Stockholm. The collected data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach which resulted in five themes: work and communication in the digital environment, training and learning, information and data, other effects of digitalization, and additional findings. This study concludes that notable changes in managerial practices can be observed in all four categories of practices: task-oriented, relations-oriented, change-oriented, and external practices. This shows that digitalization is a process that transforms managerial practices and it does it both by aiding managers in their tasks and by making some tasks more difficult. Thus, managers need to be more aware and able to adapt to these changes that digitalization brings to their practices.

Abstract  Background: Crisis management has become a highly relevant topic by virtue of the COVID- 19 pandemic. As a result, organizations have been forced to implement preventive actions to mitigate its impact. One of these implementations has been the enforced advancements for companies to readjust their businesses remotely. With remote working being a rather seldomly used practice for most organizations, managers are encouraged to enact and adopt quickly for their business to continue.  Purpose: This thesis aims to explore how managers of Swedish manufacturing firms handle organizational crises in a remote-working environment.  Method: This research follows a qualitative research method with an abductive approach. The findings are retrieved from conducted semi-structured interviews with eight managers in two different companies, which is then connected to relevant literature.  Conclusion: Findings show of great importance for managers to focus on communication with their employees. Implications of the crisis are ambiguous. Manufacturing firms in Sweden have experienced increased productivity at the expense of their employee’s well-being. Given that the future point towards increased usage of remote working, it is crucial for managers to focal their business on combining the benefits with the drawbacks and thereby successfully adjust to a digital working environment.

Résumé : Cette thèse vise à décrire et explorer en profondeur la mise en œuvre d’une transformation de la culture organisationnelle de la Caisse Desjardins de Granby – Haute-Yamaska en s’assurant de rester alignée sur les valeurs et les principes coopératifs dans le contexte contemporain actuel. La stratégie de recherche est une étude de cas unique dont les données ont été collectées en temps réel au cours d’une observation soutenue de plus de trois années. De nature qualitative, cette thèse met en évidence l’importance du renouvellement du sens de la coopération auprès des gestionnaires et des employés, notamment par des représentations nouvelles permettant d’en illustrer tout le sens. Elle propose également une meilleure compréhension des phases de la mise en place d’une culture d’affaires coopérative. Il se dégage un modèle en trois phases qui ajoute à la littérature un modèle de transformation de la culture organisationnelle d’une coopérative. Finalement, les résultats générés par cette thèse accroissent les connaissances académiques sur le rôle crucial du leader et des gestionnaires ainsi que certaines qualités requises pour bien gérer le passage à la culture d’affaires coopérative. / Abstract : This thesis describes the implementation of corporate culture changes at a Desjardins credit union branch and analyses how the process was achieved while ensuring it was in line with co-operative values and principles in the current context. The research is based on a unique case study for which data was collected in real time over the course of three years of regular observation. The thesis is qualitative in nature and shows the importance of instilling a renewed sense of co-operation among managers and employees, using new metaphors to convey its full meaning. It also stresses the need to better understand the different stages for building a co-operative business culture and provides a three-phrase model for transforming corporate culture within a co-operative business, which adds to the body of work on the topic. Furthermore, the case study provides better information on the crucial role played by the leader and managers and on essential qualities for a successful transition to a co-operative business culture.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka förändringar i en mellanchefs roll i samband med en omorganisation. Få en djupare förståelse om olika beslutsfattande chefers situationer och vad de ställs inför. Hur ska organisationen kommunicera i och under en förändringsprocess för involvering av alla berörda parter.  Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär. Resultatet har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer med Länsstyrelsen Värmlands nio enhetschefer. Organisationen har genomgått en stor organisatorisk förändring. Resultatet har tolkats och analyserats mot tidigare forskning. Studien som presenteras är en vetenskaplig studie.  Länsstyrelsen Värmlands omorganisation har resulterat i en hög belastning för mellancheferna och en komplexitet i utförandet av omorganisationen. Kommunikationen inom organisationen har påvisat dysfunktionalitet och informationsflödet har ansetts för högt.  Mellanchefens roll handlar hela tiden om växelverkan. Rollen ska hantera både ledning och medarbetares förväntningar, mellanchefen agerar språkrör. En generalisering till organisationer, även internationellt sett då mellanchefens position finns i många verksamheter. Mellanchefen måste anpassa sig och infinna sig i rollen som handlar om växelverkan.  Inställningen till omorganisationen var från början positiv och tanken bakom den var god, dock blev det inte som förväntat varken för ledning eller mellanchefer. / The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in a middle management role related to a reorganization. The purpose is to provide a deeper understanding about different situations of a decision-making manager and what they face. How should the organization communicate during a process of change for involvement of all affected parties.  The study is of a qualitative nature. The results have been collected through semi-structured interviews with nine unit managers at the county administrative board of Värmland. The organization has undergone a major organizational change. The result has been interpreted and analyzed against previous research. The presented study is a scientific study.  The reorganization of the county administrative board of Värmland has resulted in a high load and great complexity for the middle managers. Communication within the organization has demonstrated dysfunctionality and the information flow has been considered too high.  The middle management role is always about intercommunion. The role must handle expectations from both top management and employees. The middle manager acts as a spokesperson. A generalization to organizations, even internationally, is the middle manager position found in many businesses. The middle manager must adapt to the role with intercommunion.  The attitudes towards the reorganization was positive from the beginning and the idea behind it was good, but the top management and the middle managers didn’t expect the result of the planned outcome.

Text in English / The purpose of this study, was to identify and describe factors, which facilitate or impede learning in clinical learning settings. The study adopted an exploratory descriptive approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative designs. Data collection tool, comprised of two sections: Section 1 focused on demographic characteristics. While section 2 addressed study variables of clinical setting, staffing, patient care/ practice standards, nurse manager's commitment and interpersonal relationships. The last section had two parts; part 1 being close ended Likert type scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Part 2, was open ended, and solicited respondents' feelings opinions and experiences on factors they perceived to facilitate or impede clinical learning. The findings indicate that the majority of settings studied did not provide adequate factors to facilitate clinical learning. Factors such as availability of learning experiences, acceptable unit organization, space and resource availability, and accessibility to students, adequate staffing with qualified staff who actively participate in teaching, appropriate and quality patient care role modelled, lecturer availability and involvement in clinical teaching, team building and inclusion of students in the team, committed nurse managers involved in students' learning, conducive relationships among staff, students and patients, comfort relationships, advocacy and creating conducive relationship by the nurse manager, were identified as necessary for learning. These factors however, were found to be either lacking, inadequate or inaccessible to students. Findings were based on data from a quota sample of 202 participants proportionately drawn from students, nurse managers and nurse lecturers. The study made recommendations to improve and enhance the conduciveness of clinical practice settings used for learning in Botswana. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Science)

Text in English / The purpose of this study, was to identify and describe factors, which facilitate or impede learning in clinical learning settings. The study adopted an exploratory descriptive approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative designs. Data collection tool, comprised of two sections: Section 1 focused on demographic characteristics. While section 2 addressed study variables of clinical setting, staffing, patient care/ practice standards, nurse manager's commitment and interpersonal relationships. The last section had two parts; part 1 being close ended Likert type scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Part 2, was open ended, and solicited respondents' feelings opinions and experiences on factors they perceived to facilitate or impede clinical learning. The findings indicate that the majority of settings studied did not provide adequate factors to facilitate clinical learning. Factors such as availability of learning experiences, acceptable unit organization, space and resource availability, and accessibility to students, adequate staffing with qualified staff who actively participate in teaching, appropriate and quality patient care role modelled, lecturer availability and involvement in clinical teaching, team building and inclusion of students in the team, committed nurse managers involved in students' learning, conducive relationships among staff, students and patients, comfort relationships, advocacy and creating conducive relationship by the nurse manager, were identified as necessary for learning. These factors however, were found to be either lacking, inadequate or inaccessible to students. Findings were based on data from a quota sample of 202 participants proportionately drawn from students, nurse managers and nurse lecturers. The study made recommendations to improve and enhance the conduciveness of clinical practice settings used for learning in Botswana. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Science)