Based on data collected in Juarez, northern Mexico, this thesis argues that the incorporation of low-income women into modern forms of industrial employment, i.e. assembly industries or as called locally 'maquilas', alters patriarchal forms of domination at the household level. As women enter maquila employment the focus of patriarchal control shifts from the private sphere of the home to the public sphere of the workplace. That is, the thesis argues that women's incorporation in maquilas prompted a shift from a private form of patriarchy to a public one, or else a capitalist patriarchy. This said, capitalist patriarchy shaped respondents' lives and their households in varying ways according to respondents' stage in the life course, their households and individual characteristics. Indeed, the complex interrelation between women's life course, and their households, as they intersect with the particular patterns and characteristics of the maquiladora industry and individual workers' characteristics illuminated the heterogeneity of workers' responses to emerging forms of capitalist patriarchy. While the thesis is grounded on life course analysis with special reference to low- income maquila workers' households, the study is comparative at two different levels. At one level it is inter-generational in that it looks at three different 'industrial generations' of women in Juarez; at a second level it is comparative in that it looks at the case of women maquila workers with respect to non-maquila workers, including the case of low-income housewives. Finally, the thesis analyses women workers' responses to the pace of changes. Contrary to other studies carried out in Juarez on maquila workers, the data collection for this thesis was not conducted in factory premises but in the low-income settlements. Interviews conducted combined structured and semi-structured interviews and life and work histories. 82 households located in 25 settlements spread across the northern, central and southern parts of low-income Juarez were visited and from those, 33 life and work histories and 6 inter-generational meetings with maquila mothers and maquila daughters formed the core bulk of data. Whilst the main findings point to an emerging form of patriarchal control in women maquila workers' lives, this thesis highlights the heterogeneity among the various generations of maquila workers that form the labour pool related to the changing nature of maquilas in the city over time.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 mazin_ad_me_ippri_int.pdf: 1546018 bytes, checksum: f7e4d8a3d680bf08e5187562c5d6dfcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-05 / Em um contexto de dominação do espaço, o modo de produção capitalista desenvolve mecanismos para movimentar-se na busca da realização de seu principal objetivo: a valorização do valor. Nesse contexto de internacionalização, próprio da fase atual do sistema capitalista, empresas exportam seu capital para qualquer parte do mundo, com o intuito de encontrar as melhores condições para extraírem mais valia. Esse fenômeno foi caracterizado por Lênin como “fase imperialista do capitalismo”. A partir do primeiro governo Lula – PT, se desenvolvem condições favoráveis para empresas brasileiras acumularem capitais, fruto de desenvolvimento conjuntural da economia global, onde o Brasil consegue acumular capitais devido à alta dos preços dos commodities. Devido ao crescimento histórico da China, um dos principais compradores da produção agrícola e mineral brasileira, se desenvolvem condições de crescimento da economia, o que permite um acúmulo de capital, que posteriormente será revertido para a expansão de empresas brasileiras. Assim, há um processo que permite a exportação de capitais brasileiros e associados, financiada pelo BNDES – Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, que se expandem para outros “territórios”, com o intuito de acumularem capital, sendo o Paraguai um dos destinos dessas exportações. Entretanto, é a partir do primeiro mandato de Dilma Rousseff, concomitante com o golpe que sofre o governo Fernando Lugo no Paraguai, que os volumes de exportações de capitais brasileiros para o Paraguai ganham uma dinâmica considerável, especificamente entre 2012 e 2014. Este trabalho busca compreender as motivações de tais empresas em exportarem capitais para o Paraguai; os mecanismos desenvolvidos para que esse movimento se realize nas melhores condições possíveis para o capital; realização de um mapeamento de quais empresas brasileiras estão inseridas nesse processo, também denominado internacionalização. A implantação de empresas maquiladoras no Paraguai, com a “ley de maquilas”, foi um dos mecanismos desenvolvidos pelo capital, que apresenta as melhores condições para extraírem ao máximo os recursos naturais daquele país, explorarem a força de trabalho ao máximo, e assegurarem mercados para exportarem as mercadorias. / Under a context of territorial domination, the capitalist mode of production develops mechanisms to move up in the pursuit of achieving its main objective: valorize value. In this context of internationalization, as part of the current phase of the capitalist system, companies export their capital to anywhere in the world, in order to find the best conditions to extract surplus value. This phenomenon was characterized by Lenin as "imperialist stage of capitalism." From the first government Lula – PT, favorable conditions are developed for Brazilian companies accumulate capital, result of a conjectural development of the global economy, where Brazil can accumulate capital due to the high prices of commodities. Due to the historical growth of China, one of the main buyers of Brazilian agricultural and mineral production, develop conditions economy growth, allowing an accumulation of capital, that will subsequently be reverted on the expansion of Brazilian companies. So there is a process that allowing the export of Brazilian and associated capital, financed by BNDES - National Bank for Economic and Social Development, which expand to other "territories", in order to accumulate capital, being Paraguay one of these exports destinations. However, it is from the first term of Dilma Rousseff, concomitant with coup d’etat suffered by the government of Fernando Lugo in Paraguay, the volume of exported Brazilian capital to Paraguay gain considerable increase, specifically between 2012 and 2014. This research seeks to understand the motivations of such companies in export capital to Paraguay; the mechanisms developed so that this movement takes place in the best possible conditions for capital; performing a mapping of which Brazilian companies are inserted in this process, also called internationalization. The growth of maquilas in Paraguay, with the "Maquila Law" was one of the mechanisms developed by capital, which has the best conditions to extract the natural resources of that country at maximum, exploiting the workforce to the maximum, and ensure markets for export goods. / En un contexto de dominación del espacio, el modo de producción capitalista desarrolla mecanismos para moverse en busca de la realización de su principal objetivo: la valorización del valor. En este contexto de internacionalización, propio de la fase actual del sistema capitalista, las empresas exportan su capital para cualquier parte del mundo, con el intuito de encontrar las mejores condiciones para extraer plusvalía . Ese fenómeno fue caracterizado por Lenin como "fase imperialista del capitalismo". A partir del primer gobierno de Lula - PT, se desarrollaron condiciones favorables para que empresas brasileñas acumulasen capitales, debido al alza de los precios de los commodities. Debido al crecimiento histórico de China, uno de los principales compradores de la producción agrícola y mineral brasileña, se desarrollan condiciones de crecimiento de la economía, lo que permite una acumulación de capital que posteriormente será revertido para la expansión de empresas brasileñas. Así, hay un proceso que permite la exportación de capitales brasileños y asociados, financiada por el BNDES - Banco Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social, que se e expanden para otros "territorios", con el intuito de acumular capital, y es Paraguay uno de los destinos de esas exportaciones. Pero es a partir del primer mandato de Dilma Rousseff, concomitante con el golpe que sufre el gobierno de Fernando Lugo en Paraguay, cuando el volumen de exportaciones de capitales brasileños para Paraguay alcanzan una dinámica considerable, específicamente entre 2012 y 2014. Este trabajo busca comprender las motivaciones de esas empresas para exportar capitales a Paraguay; los mecanismos desarrollados para que ese movimiento se realice en las mejores condiciones posibles para el capital; realización de un relevamiento de las empresas brasileñas inseridas en ese proceso, también denominado internacionalización. La implantación de maquilas en Paraguay, con la "ley de maquilas", fue uno de los mecanismos desarrollados por el capital, que presenta las mejores condiciones para extraer al máximo los recursos naturales de aquel país, explotar la fuerza de trabajo al máximo, y asegurar mercados para exportar las mercaderías.

Orientador: Silvia Beatriz Adoue / Resumo: Em um contexto de dominação do espaço, o modo de produção capitalista desenvolve mecanismos para movimentar-se na busca da realização de seu principal objetivo: a valorização do valor. Nesse contexto de internacionalização, próprio da fase atual do sistema capitalista, empresas exportam seu capital para qualquer parte do mundo, com o intuito de encontrar as melhores condições para extraírem mais valia. Esse fenômeno foi caracterizado por Lênin como “fase imperialista do capitalismo”. A partir do primeiro governo Lula – PT, se desenvolvem condições favoráveis para empresas brasileiras acumularem capitais, fruto de desenvolvimento conjuntural da economia global, onde o Brasil consegue acumular capitais devido à alta dos preços dos commodities. Devido ao crescimento histórico da China, um dos principais compradores da produção agrícola e mineral brasileira, se desenvolvem condições de crescimento da economia, o que permite um acúmulo de capital, que posteriormente será revertido para a expansão de empresas brasileiras. Assim, há um processo que permite a exportação de capitais brasileiros e associados, financiada pelo BNDES – Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, que se expandem para outros “territórios”, com o intuito de acumularem capital, sendo o Paraguai um dos destinos dessas exportações. Entretanto, é a partir do primeiro mandato de Dilma Rousseff, concomitante com o golpe que sofre o governo Fernando Lugo no Paraguai, que os volumes de exportações de capit... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Resumen: En un contexto de dominación del espacio, el modo de producción capitalista desarrolla mecanismos para moverse en busca de la realización de su principal objetivo: la valorización del valor. En este contexto de internacionalización, propio de la fase actual del sistema capitalista, las empresas exportan su capital para cualquier parte del mundo, con el intuito de encontrar las mejores condiciones para extraer plusvalía . Ese fenómeno fue caracterizado por Lenin como "fase imperialista del capitalismo". A partir del primer gobierno de Lula - PT, se desarrollaron condiciones favorables para que empresas brasileñas acumulasen capitales, debido al alza de los precios de los commodities. Debido al crecimiento histórico de China, uno de los principales compradores de la producción agrícola y mineral brasileña, se desarrollan condiciones de crecimiento de la economía, lo que permite una acumulación de capital que posteriormente será revertido para la expansión de empresas brasileñas. Así, hay un proceso que permite la exportación de capitales brasileños y asociados, financiada por el BNDES - Banco Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social, que se e expanden para otros "territorios", con el intuito de acumular capital, y es Paraguay uno de los destinos de esas exportaciones. Pero es a partir del primer mandato de Dilma Rousseff, concomitante con el golpe que sufre el gobierno de Fernando Lugo en Paraguay, cuando el volumen de exportaciones de capitales brasileños para Paraguay alcanz... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Abstract: Under a context of territorial domination, the capitalist mode of production develops mechanisms to move up in the pursuit of achieving its main objective: valorize value. In this context of internationalization, as part of the current phase of the capitalist system, companies export their capital to anywhere in the world, in order to find the best conditions to extract surplus value. This phenomenon was characterized by Lenin as "imperialist stage of capitalism." From the first government Lula – PT, favorable conditions are developed for Brazilian companies accumulate capital, result of a conjectural development of the global economy, where Brazil can accumulate capital due to the high prices of commodities. Due to the historical growth of China, one of the main buyers of Brazilian agricultural and mineral production, develop conditions economy growth, allowing an accumulation of capital, that will subsequently be reverted on the expansion of Brazilian companies. So there is a process that allowing the export of Brazilian and associated capital, financed by BNDES - National Bank for Economic and Social Development, which expand to other "territories", in order to accumulate capital, being Paraguay one of these exports destinations. However, it is from the first term of Dilma Rousseff, concomitant with coup d’etat suffered by the government of Fernando Lugo in Paraguay, the volume of exported Brazilian capital to Paraguay gain considerable increase, specifically between 2012 ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

To improve our understanding of offshoring and how it is evolving, salient ideas from both institutional and prospect theories are utilized to build a more descriptive model of how decisions are made to (re)direct foreign investment into offshored activities. Careful examinations of the offshoring programs in India and Mexico reveal that they took different investment trajectories during the past decade that can be aptly explained by this integrative model. The primary information used to measure the population trends of offshoring firms in India and Mexico comes from proprietary data sources for each country that issue annual reports on the number of operators in their respective offshoring sectors, that is, services and manufacturing.

To improve our understanding of offshoring and how it is evolving, salient ideas from both institutional and prospect theories are utilized to build a more descriptive model of how decisions are made to (re)direct foreign investment into offshored activities. Careful examinations of the offshoring programs in India and Mexico reveal that they took different investment trajectories during the past decade that can be aptly explained by this integrative model. The primary information used to measure the population trends of offshoring firms in India and Mexico comes from proprietary data sources for each country that issue annual reports on the number of operators in their respective offshoring sectors, that is, services and manufacturing.

This topic is immersed within the study program of the current Plan of Studies «D»for the License in Geography and Territorial Management, Unit 11, New Production and Spatial lmpact's Models. The objective of this program is:to make a detailed analysis of the new industrial facts, especially in relation to the organization foundations and strategic management of industry. lt strengths changes in the re-adaptation processes followed by industry in the developed countries as well as in the Third World. On this basis, it tries to valuate the spatial impacts of thestrategies and new industrial models. (UAEM s/f: 56)Then, the objective of this paper is to show how current world industrial restructuring is leading to deep changes in the territorial organization' patterns. It stresses the modernization of industrial equipment, giving insights about their territorial implications that are leading to industrial restructuring, such as is the case of the maquilas in Mexico. / El tema que se presenta  se ubica  dentro del programa  de Geografía  Industrial,  delactual plan de estudios D de la licenciatura en Geografía y Ordenación del Territorio, unidad 11 («Nuevos modelos de producción e impacto espacial»), cuyo objetivo es:Analizar detalladamente la nueva realidad industrial, en especial todo lo referente a los fundamentos organizativos y a las directrices estratégicas de comportamientos de la industria. Se hace hincapié en los cambios y en los procesos de readaptación seguidos en la industria de los países desarrollados así como en los países del tercer mundo. Sobre esta base, se trata de valorar con profundidad el impacto espacial de las estrate­ gias y nuevos modelos de industrialización. (UAEM s/f: 56)El objetivo del presente ensayo es mostrar cómo la actual reestructuración indus­ trial, que se da en el ámbito mundial, desencadena profundas modificaciones en los patrones de organización territorial. Se incide en la modernización de los aparatos industriales y se reflexiona acerca de las implicaciones  territoriales que impulsa la reestructuración industrial, en especial, en el caso de las maquilas de México.