Thesis (B.A.)--Haverford College, Dept. of Psychology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2006. / Advisor: Dianne M. Tice, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Psychology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 20, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 46 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 1, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90).

Les années 1990 et 2000 sont une période cruciale pour le cinéma italien, qui connaît une certaine renaissance après avoir traversé une situation très délicate. Durant cette période, certains cinéastes se font remarquer pour leur tendance, selon différentes manières, à représenter une enfance marginale, à la fois porteuse de problèmes liés à la péninsule, mais également d’un avenir possiblement meilleur. Ces personnages d’enfants marginaux bénéficient d’un traitement différent de ceux du néoréalisme, notamment sur un plan esthétique. Le travail effectué sur les regards de ces enfants participe de leur marginalité, mais suggère également une légère interaction, des interrogations, des jugements, ou encore une certaine impossibilité de réconciliation avec le monde. La plupart de ces films se concentre en outre sur la question d’un imaginaire enfantin (plus précisément : le jeu et le rêve) régulièrement mis à l’épreuve du réel, et qui existerait parallèlement au monde des adultes, indifférents. Ces films suggèrent ainsi la marginalité des enfants, petits et grands (car les « adultes-enfants » sont aussi très présents dans cette période du cinéma italien), dans une société qui se soucie peu de leur sort ; mais aussi leur capacité à surmonter ces problèmes pour continuer à mener leur vie, grandir, etpeut-être pouvoir assurer des jours meilleurs à une Italie en manque de (re)pères. / The 1990s and 2000s were crucial years for Italian cinema and witnessed a relative rebirth following a very critical phase. During that period, a few filmmakers became known for their habit of depicting marginal children confronted with problemscharacteristic of their country and heralding a hopefully better future. They are characters that are handled in a way that differs from that of neorealism, especially on an aesthetic level. The filmmakers’ attitude to the children’s gaze forms part of what defines their marginality but also suggests a degree of interaction, questioning, judgment, or even some difficulty of coming to terms with the world. Most of the films focus on the issue of childhood imagination – more specifically play and dreams – regularly put to the test of reality and existing in parallel with the world of the adults, who are indifferent to it. Thefilms thus suggest the marginality of children of all ages – the child-adult being very much a character of this period of Italian cinema – in a society that does not seem to care about their fate. They also suggest their ability to overcome their problems and to go on living their lives, growing up and perhaps changing the course of Italian society for the better at a time when it is in need of directions.

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the influence of race and gender specific economic disadvantage, gender inequality, and other social disadvantage indicators on female non-violent and violent property crime offending. This dissertation found that economic marginality, gender inequality, and exogenous factors of social disorganization do explain some of the variation in women's offending. Economic marginality predicted total women's non-violent and violent offending, but only Black women's non-violent offending. Gender inequality was associated with women's non-violent property crime offending for total, white, Black, and Hispanic women. Generally, the key independent variables are better able to explain variation in non-violent offending than violent property crime offending for Black and Hispanic women.

This dissertation, “The Value of Dust: Memory and Identity at Italy’s Margins,” is a transnational cultural history that studies the role cultural institutions in Italy’s borderlands play in defining, defending and memorializing a conception of Italian identity (italianità) at the margins of the Italian State, from the turn of the twentieth century to the contemporary period. This study examines the relationship between literature, language, Italian identity, marginality, and memory in the Italian community of Istria and its exile community in Trieste. By drawing on archival and ethnographic data, as well as textual analysis, it traces the cultural production of Italian organizations and intellectuals in Trieste and Istria from the late Habsburg period to the postwar period, and analyzes two sites of memory established in Trieste after the community’s uprooting there after World War II. It explores how the narratives surrounding specific cultural artifacts— from literature and folklore to a musical and museum exhibits — and cultural organizations operating in the Julian March borderland act in service of the project to reinforce a certain vision of italianità and contribute to a discourse on Italianness in a contested borderland. I first analyze the discourse of a 1913 collection of writings sold to raise funds for the Lega Nazionale (the National League)— a cultural organization in the Adriatic borderland tasked with the defense and promotion of all things Italian — in order to expand the scope and purview of our discussion of italianità, not only geographically but thematically. I demonstrate that studying the different conceptions of Italianness that emerge in the writings of 14 participants in the pamphlet can help further illuminate the link between cultural identity and marginality. By putting all these disparate voices together — the contributors to the Lega Nazionale pamphlet from the borderland and not, asked to write on “Italy”— it becomes clear that a unified image of italianità does not emerge. By widening the canon on the nation and expanding the scope of what is considered when thinking about Italianness, we are left with a mosaic of diverse interpretations, the definitive proof that there is not one way to interpret Italian identity and that we should take further care when we treat it as an overarching, hegemonic idea. To these border writers, Italy is coded in terms of language, education, cultural patrimony, patriotism, cuisine, local dialect, geography and the metaphor of twilight. Next, I explore the “civilization” promoted in the Civic Museum of the Civilization of Istria, Fiume and Dalmatia (Trieste, Italy) and analyze how Istrian folk literature (1877-1977) was appropriated by folklorists, demologists, historians, politicians, intellectuals, musicologists and writers for a specifically political purpose. I examine the prefatory materials found in the introductions to editions of Istrian folktales and show how they are intimately involved in the "recovery" of ancient links to Italy through folklore. The political motives of folklore were thus to figuratively excavate the italianità in folklore at the margins of the State, in order to underscore "indigenous" Italian roots and fold these territories into the national project. The Civic Museum, too, demonstrates a similar insistence on connections to Italy, by selectively assembling a mono-ethnic representation of Istria and through the recreation of peasant environments. Lastly, I analyze an important site of memory for the exile community of Trieste, Magazzino 18. A warehouse-museum of the Istrian exodus at the Old Port of Trieste, Magazzino 18 was established through the efforts of I.R.C.I., which also organizes tours of the site. The objects contained within this site participate in the repackaging of contemporary history in a contested borderland. This constellation of objects—brought by Istrians as they left their homeland in the postwar and often pertaining to the domestic sphere—has been used by the exile community to construct a historical narrative that inscribes its history into that of the Holocaust. I explore how this liminal community sought to solidify its ties to the Italian nation from the periphery and later establish its victimhood in the postwar. My research identifies the use of narratives that expose the community’s reliance on the tools of Holocaust memorialization, insisting on a frame of uniqueness and competition and thereby undermining attempts of intercultural understanding. I argue that the preferred narratives of this exile community elucidate anxieties about self-definition, and bring these anxieties into conversations about trauma, recognition, and the obfuscation of the fascist past in Italy. By studying the various ways people interpret Italianness in an ethnically, culturally and linguistically heterogeneous zone, I elucidate how this identity is adopted and transformed in different ways by the different communities residing there, exploring the specificities of the work each of these entities—whether discursive or material—is attempting, their commonalities and differences, and how and when they are effective. I show that there are different forms of italianità, of senses of belonging to the Italian nation, and that the Italians of these border regions decenter Italy and place it into a wider context of the Adriatic and beyond. In doing so, I develop a methodology that can be applied to other contested areas where groups have battled over questions of identity to show how a marginalized community can come to occupy a main role in debates on contemporary politics and memory.

本文環繞香港都市的一個邊緣社區，探討深水埗居民的生活。從當地人的角度，研究後工業社會的弱勢居民，怎樣體驗，應對及理解他們的生活情況。透過了解居民的日常生活，本論文旨在探究在社會結構與文化進程的互動下，如何令深水埗成為香港中心的邊緣社區。研究顯示在香港不斷轉變的政治經濟環境下，深水埗的地區性發展、低成本經濟、居民的組合，以及居民的心態和行為，都是構成邊緣社區的重要因素。 / This is an ethnographic study of a marginal neighbourhood of Hong Kong, Sham Shui Po. It focuses on the everyday lives of Hong Kong's urban poor in Sham Shui Po. By taking an insider's point of view, this study examines how underprivileged residents experience, manage and think about their lives in post-industrial urban Hong Kong. This study seeks to understand the social structures and cultural processes that contribute to Sham Shui Po's marginality in the centre of Hong Kong by exploring the lives and livelihoods of underprivileged residents. I show how Sham Shui Po's regional development, low-cost economy, residential composition, as well as the mindset and behaviour of its residents all contribute to making of a marginal neighbourhood in the context of post-industrial Hong Kong. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Christopher Cheng. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-155). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Sham Shui Po as a marginal neighbourhood in Hong Kong / Poverty / Marginalisation / Reproduction of poverty / Neighbourhood / Methodology / Fieldwork / Limitations and ethical concerns / Thesis organisation / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- THE SETTING --- p.22 / Central position yet marginal character / Living in a tong⁴ lau⁴ / Geographies of centrality and marginality / Sham Shui Po and the modernisation of Hong Kong / Neighbourhood characteristics / Chapter 1 --- The tong⁴ lau⁴ streets / Chapter 2 --- Street markets and the leftover effects of yesteryears / Chapter 3 --- Low-cost economy and residents / Chapter 4 --- Community service agencies / Sham Shui Po as a unique setting / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- SIX POOR FAMILIES --- p.46 / Introducing six Sham Shui Po families / Case 1 Uncle Leung--An earlier generation Chinese migrant / Case 2 Ms. Tang Yuk-yip--A Mainland welfare mother / Case 3 Uncle Mok--An elderly Hong Kong man / Case 4 Uncle Kwok--A remarried Hong Kong father / Case 5 Patrick Lau--A low-income Hong Kong father / Case 6 Makala Sariwa--A Filipina single parent seeking asylum / Variations in social marginalisation / Hidden in society: Unfulfilled promises, shame and social debt / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- SURVIVAL STRATEGIES --- p.72 / Survival strategies / Strategy 1: Low-cost lifestyle / Strategy 2: Initiatives of a marginal neighbourhood / Strategy 3: Sharing and mutual exchange networks / Strategy 4: Institutional services / The relationship between the different strategies / Surviving in Sham Shui Po / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- POVERTY AS LIVED EXPERIENCE --- p.101 / Becoming poor / Fate and situational determinants of poverty / Being poor / Celebrations / “Being poor may do you some good!“ / Shame, guilt and loss of face / “We aren’t that poor!“ / Aspiring to overcome poverty / Valuing educating / Moving on / Explaining and challenging the notions of inequality / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONCLUSION: A MARGINAL NEIGHBOURHOOD --- p.123 / Chapter 1 --- Historical development / Chapter 2 --- Low-cost economy / Chapter 3 --- The people of Sham Shui Po and the making of a “mixed place“ / Chapter 4 --- Marginal lives, marginal livelihoods / Chapter APPENDIX 1 --- REFLECTIONS ON FIELDWORK --- p.130 / Chapter APPENDIX 2 --- SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MY INFORMANTS --- p.132 / Chapter APPENDIX 3 --- SUPPORT SERVICES & ORGANISATIONS --- p.134 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.149

In this thesis I examine the ways in which residents of France's so-called 'banlieues' respond to everyday life in stigmatised neighbourhoods. Through a description of the processes at work in two housing estate neighbourhoods of the southern French city of Nîmes - Pissevin and Valdegour - and drawing upon an analysis of intensive interviews, I question the popular belief that residents of French banlieue-spaces come to internalise the stigmatic representations that are produced outside their place of residence. The overarching argument of the thesis is that, while it is clear that territorial stigmatisation has long-lasting and pervasive consequences for banlieue residents, affecting their sense of self and their capacity for collective action, there are a number of ways in which the 'blemish of place' is challenged and the marks of neighbourhood stigma resisted. It is important to recognise the attempts that are made within French housing estates to displace or negotiate stigmatising gazes and to confront the labels that affix themselves to place. This thesis argues that there are a variety of counter-discursive attempts to reframe and to reclaim the representations of France's housing estates that leads to the affirmation of banlieue-identities. Within the banlieues, there are solid links between residents and place, as well as between the residents themselves. Strong efforts are deployed by associations, neighbourhood committees and grassroots organisations to actively challenge the stigmatic scripts that are imposed upon stigmatised neighbourhoods. However, this thesis also draws attention to the everyday tactics that residents enact in order to cope with territorial stigmatisation and its effects. These everyday practices allow for some to cope with the heavy burden of stigma while taking control of the 'neighbourhood space'. All of these tactics challenge and 'speak back' to the labels, the stereotypes and the stigmatising language that is produced at the level of urban planning. This leads to the vital rethinking of policies that aim to displace and disperse residents in the name of social mixing, as well as urban policy initiatives that equate renovation to the demolition of housing estates within French banlieues.

This thesis explores Turkish migrants’ practices of diabetes care in Germany. Health statistics frequently identify minority groups as vulnerable to chronic illness and Turkish-origin Germans are said to be more likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes than Germans or Turks in Turkey. Anthropological studies on marginal population groups with diabetes explore experiences of social suffering and inequality that influence such high illness prevalence, or investigate how conflictual lay beliefs and medical encounters affect illness care. Those studies that analyse active diabetes patient and healthcare practices concentrate on the majority population. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Berlin from September 2006 to September 2007, this thesis examines how Turkish Berliners actively engage in diabetes care, and thus joins two themes seldom connected: illness practices and marginality. Initial interviews with healthcare professionals alluded to a Turkish migrant patient group living in deprivation and immobilised by high illiteracy rates, lacking language skills and health knowledge. Despite such experience of marginality, ethnographic exploration revealed that informal diabetes care, for example through a Turkishlanguage self-help group, is nonetheless individually and collectively negotiated where formal care is inadequate. On the one hand, the thesis investigates practices of diabetes control in learning, monitoring and manoeuvring diabetes. Rather than representing the common image of the inert, disadvantaged migrant patient, Turkish Berliners of the self-help group engage in deliberate “tactics of diabetes control” to make their chronic illness experience habitable. On the other hand, the thesis explores how “diabetes among Turkish-origin Berliners” can be a form of sociality, political activism and economic enterprise that involves many social actors not only patients and their healthcare professionals, in order to fill a provision gap.

No description available.