This dissertation presents several new techniques for the analysis of the long-term production performance of tight gas wells. The main objectives of this work are to determine pressure response function for long-term production for a the slightly compressible liquid case, to determine the original gas in place (OGIP) during pseudosteady state (PSS), to determine OGIP in the transient period, and to determine the effects of these parameters on linear flow in gas wells. Several methods are available in the industry to analyze the production performance of gas wells. One common method is superposition time. This method has the advantage of being able to analyze variable-rate and variable-pressure data, which is usually the nature of field data. However, this method has its shortcomings. In this work, simulation and field cases illustrate the shortcomings of superposition. I present a new normalized pseudotime plotting function for use in the superposition method to smooth field data and more accurately calculate OGIP. The use of this normalized pseudotime is particularly important in the analysis of highly depleted reservoirs with large change in total compressibility where the superposition errors are largest. The new tangent method presented here can calculate the OGIP with current reservoir properties for both constant rate and bottomhole flowing pressure (pwf) production. In this approach pressure-dependent permeability data can be integrated into a modified real gas pseudopressure,m(p), which linearizes the reservoir flow equations and provides correct values for permeability and skin factor. But if the customary real-gas pseudopressure, m(p) is used instead, erroneous values for permeability and skin factor will be calculated. This method uses an exponential equation form for permeability vs. pressure drop. Simulation and field examples confirm that the new correction factor for the rate dependent problem improves the linear model for both PSS and transient period, whether plotted on square-root of time or superposition plots.

To date, no real consensus has emerged among syntacticians about how to derive verb-initial order (V1); but the two main approaches, \(V^0\)-raising and VP-raising, receive particularly widespread support in the literature. The syntax of Niuean pseudo noun incorporation (PNI) has played an important role in the propagation of the VP-raising analysis (Massam 2001), especially for VSO languages and languages with a VSO option. In this thesis, I present an analysis of the prosody of Niuean PNI and show that the PNI verb and incorporated argument form a prosodic constituent. While this result is consistent with the syntactic analysis of Massam (2001), it is also consistent with a prosodic restructuring analysis that explains the VOS order of PNI by appealing to prosodic well-formedness. I take the second approach. Specifically, the principle behind Selkirk's (1984) Sense Unit Condition requires that the verb and its internal argument(s) form a unique phonological phrase. In order to satisfy this requirement, the incorporated argument moves into a position adjacent to the verb at PF. Positionally motivated categorical feature sharing (Adger and Svenonius 2011; Pesetsky and Torrego 2007) allows PF to reference the head-argument relationship between the verb and its internal argument, even though they are not sent to PF in structurally adjacent positions. The main result for the syntactic analysis of Niuean is that \(V^0\)-raising replaces VP-raising. The benefits of the \(V^0\)-raising approach include i) less phonologically vacuous structure in places where Niuean has overt morphology, e.g., a perpetually null \(T^0\) in the face of overt tense markers; and ii) observance of the idea that thematic roles are correlated to structural positions. Thus, the prosodic analysis of Niuean PNI has a number of positive outcomes for Niuean syntax, as well as the potential to simplify the derivation of VSO cross-linguistically. / Linguistics

Diamond is a SPARQL query engine for linked data. Linked data is a sub-topic of the Semantic Web where data is represented as a labeled directed graph using the Resource Description Framework (RDF), a conceptual data model for web resources, to affect a web-wide interconnected, distributed labeled graph. SPARQL graph patterns entail portions of this distributed graph. Diamond compiles SPARQL queries into a physical query plan based on a set of newly defined operators that implement a new variant of the Rete match, a well known artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm used for complex pattern-matching problems. / text

<p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1998</p> / digitalisering@umu

Research has indicated that teams who cover greater distance during matches and complete more basic tasks such as passes, tackles and shots are more successful. Identifying means of increasing these physical and technical outputs is therefore a significant opportunity for performance enhancement. There has been limited research performed on hockey, especially at the elite level. An issue that is even more relevant given that in the past 15 years the sport has undergone some significant rule changes including the introduction of unlimited substitutions. With sixteen players able to be used per match and eleven players on the field at any one time the coach can make substitutions as frequently as desired to try and maximise the overall performance of the team. The objectives of this thesis were to use methods of performance analysis to measure the physical and technical outputs of players during elite hockey and to specifically measure the impact of differing substitution strategies on the physical and technical outputs of strikers during match play. Three striker conditions were assessed; three strikers with no substitutions, four strikers with a moderate amount of substitutions; and, five strikers with a large amount of substitutions. Five matches between the New Zealand men’s hockey team and Tasmania state representative team were played over eight days. Physical outputs of players were measured using portable GPS units and heart rate monitors and technical aspects of match play were measured using team performance statistics and a set of technical criteria which awarded points to strikers for each contribution they made to the game based upon a scale of effectiveness. Average total distance covered during 70 minutes by a position was 8160 ± 428m of which 479 ± 108m (6.1%) was performed at speeds greater than 19km.h-1. Within this high intensity distance were 34 ± 12 sprints per player with an average duration of 3.3s. Average match HR was 85.3 ± 2.9% HRmax and average peak HR was 96.3 ± 2.7% HRmax. Distance covered decreased by 6.2% between the 1st and 2nd halves and there was a trend of decreasing distance in both halves when total distance was broken into five-minute time periods. When assessing the impact of substitutions on the performance of strikers it was found that there were no significant differences in physical outputs between conditions with total distance (S5 = 8414 ± 125m, S4 = 8422 + 34m; S3 = 8282m) and distance covered at speeds greater than 19km.h-1(S5 = 701 ± 46m, S4 = 685 ± 28m, S3 = 723m) being similar. Substantial differences were found in technical outputs between the substitution conditions with more strikers and greater substitutions offering a better total output than less strikers and fewer substitutions (S5 = 241 ± 35, S4 = 207 ± 38, S3 = 173) but statistical significance between conditions was also not found. In conclusion, the results suggest that although substitutions are not a means to increase the physical work of strikers they do appear to be a way to enhance the contributions that strikers are making to the game.

This study explored the extent of agreement between principals and teachers relative to the teachers' style, the extent of agreement between principals and teachers relative to the most effective match between teachers and students with various characteristics, and how classroom placement decisions are made. Participants consisted of 25 principals and 61 teachers. Principals and teachers completed the Teaching Style Inventory (Grasha, 1996) as a description of the teacher's teaching style. Then, participants reviewed three vignettes of students with varying characteristics and completed a Teaching Style Inventory, to identify the style they thought appropriate for each student. An additional 5 principals and 5 teachers were interviewed to explore the class placement process used in the participants' schools. Results revealed that principals and teachers were not in agreement in their ratings of teacher style, with principals rating teachers significantly higher on the delegator style, than teachers rated themselves. Principals and teachers also did not agree with each other in their ratings of the teacher styles needed by the students. Significant differences were found in the ratings depending on who completed the measures (principal or teacher). In interviews, class placement decisions were reported to be based on students' academic and social-emotional/behavioral skills, need for supplemental support services, and parent feedback, but not teaching style, as anticipated. Teaching style, however, was considered as a part of the conceptualization of the term "match". Implications are discussed relative to the class placement process and educator evaluation systems.

Orientador: Carlos de Oliveira Paiva Santos / Banca: João Olímpio Tognolli / Banca: Pedro Paulo Corbi / Banca: Maria Teresa do Prado Gambardella / Banca: Flávio Machado de Souza Carvalho / Acompanha CD-ROM / Resumo: Desde a revolução provocada pela segunda geração de computadores ocorrida por volta de 1960 e que permitiu a disseminação dos computadores para os diversos setores da sociedade, vem acontecendo uma evolução na capacidade de processamento dos chips e conseqüentemente no conceito de software. Em se tratando especificamente de softwares científicos, esse incremente no volume e velocidade de processamento de dados torna possível a aplicação de modelos físicoquímicos cada vez mais complexos. Em 1969, o cristalógrafo Hugo Rietveld criou um método que utiliza este novo paradigma tecnológico e que hoje é conhecido como método de Rietveld. Desenvolvido especificamente para o refinamento de dados de difração raios X de amostra policristalinas, passou a ser utilizado em todas as áreas da pesquisa em novos materiais. Para uma boa estabilidade do processo de refinamento é necessário fornecer ao modelo uma aproximação inicial de cada fase que compõe a amostra. Esta exigência é necessária para permitir a estabilidade do processo iterativo que irá ajustar os dados experimentais à função teórica, característica que obriga a uma dependência de bancos de dados especializados. O processo de refinamento utilizando o método de Rietveld é complexo e não linear o que implica necessariamente no uso de um software. Esta característica aliada à dependência de bancos de dados cristalográficos justifica a utilização da nova tecnologia de bancos de dados distribuídos, qualidade desejável e de grande interesse para a comunidade científica. Um banco de dados distribuído permite que os vários softwares que empregam o método de Rietveld troquem entre si as informações necessárias para iniciar um refinamento. O gerenciamento deste banco de dados é feito de forma automática pelo próprio software sem interferência humana. A viabilidade da hipótese da utilização... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Since the revolution occurred for the second generation of computers in the 1960 and that it allowed the computers dissemination for the diverse sectors of the society, consequently it comes happening a development in the capacity of chips processing and in the software concept. Specifically treating to scientific software, the volume and processing speed of data increasing becomes possible the application of more complexes physical-chemistry models. In 1969, the crystallographer Hugo Rietveld created a method that uses this new technological paradigm and that today is known as the Rietveld method. Developed specifically to the refinement of polycrystalline X-ray diffraction data, it passed to be used in all areas of the research in new materials. For a good stability of the refinement processes it is necessary to supply to the model an initial approach of each phase that composes the sample. This condition is necessary to allow the stability of the iterative process that will go to adjust the experimental data to the theoretical function, characteristic that it compels to a dependence of specialized data bases. The refinement process using the Rietveld method is complex and not linear which implies necessarily in the use of a software. This characteristic in combination to the dependence of a crystallographic data bases strongest justified the use of the new technology of distributed data bases, desirable quality and of great interest for the scientific community. A distributed data base allows that the several software that using the Rietveld method change information between itself necessary to initiate the refinement process. The management of this data base is made automatically without human interference. The hypothesis viability of the use of a P2P network with CIF archives was demonstrated through the Hera software implementation. New algorithms to automatize the creation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

The internship is one of the most important components of doctoral training in professional psychology. Given the serious problem of the internship imbalance, applicant and program characteristics that constitute a good “fit” with internship training programs have become of greater interest as securing an internship becomes a more competitive process. This study surveyed internship applicants from programs part of the Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology (CUDCP), before and after the 2010 and 2011 match days. Number of interview offers was found to be the factor most consistently associated with successfully matching, and several other applicant characteristics salient to matching and obtaining interview offers were identified, including applicant personality. Additionally, personal accounts, but not empirical evidence, of going unmatched have attested to the psychological distress associated with this event. in the current study, while going unmatched was not found to be equitable to a traumatic stressor, evidence was found to support significant decrease in subjective well-being with respect to immediate distress. Findings are discussed in terms of the predictability of and implications for the match process and internship imbalance, and recommendations are made for future research directions.

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Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine whether certain personality traits are as prominent in pharmacy practice residents who obtain positions through the post-Match process, previously referred to as the Scramble, as compared to residents who match directly with programs. Methods: Pharmacy residency program directors (RPDs) across the United States were asked to complete an electronic survey that gauged RPD perceptions of 13 personality traits commonly seen in pharmacy residents. RPDs were requested to separately evaluate residents who Scrambled and Matched to their respective programs. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to determine factor structure for the personality traits and to assess whether factors associate differentially between Matched and Scrambled residents. Results: A total of 1876 RPDs of post-graduate year one (PGY1), post-graduate year two (PGY2), and combined PGY1 and PGY2 pharmacy residency programs were contacted for study participation with a response rate of 21 percent. Demographic variables related to program type and number of residents per class were similar between Scrambled and Matched groups. The EFA identified two factors across 13 traits: we termed them as traditional traits and grit-like traits, and they significantly differed between the Scramble and Match groups. RPD perception of traditional traits (nine traits) were significantly higher in the Match group (p < 0.05), whereas perceived grit-like traits (four traits) were significantly higher in the Scramble group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Residency candidates who Match versus candidates who Scramble are perceived to have unique and significantly different personality traits.