This thesis is based on the theory of mathematical programming, on the fastfood diet problem in particular. The aim is to find an optimal menu with accordance to nutritional limitations for various groups of fastfood customers and with minimal overall prize. This model is applied on the group of foods and beverages offered in selected fastfood chains in the Czech Republic.

The aim of this Master's Thesis is to create an employee shift work schedule by using selected methods of operations research. The first part is theoretical and deals with the introduction into operational research, specifically in the field of mathematical programming and simulation models, including the possibility of computer processing. This first part highlights important subjects that will be used in the second part, which is practical and is solving a specific problem. Firstly, Cinema City Flora, which provided data for the analysis, is presented. Then there is a solution of the problem in the add-in Solver in MS Excel, and then in the program LINGO. After, a discrete simulation is created in the program SIMUL8. In conclusion, there is a summarization of the main findings and recommendations, comparison of selected methods and their applicability in practice and possibilities of further research.

El objetivo en esta Memoría ha sido el análisis de eficiencia de un determinado sector empresarial, teniendo en cuenta dos problemas casi siempre presentes, y de naturaleza muy diferente, por una parte, que los datos que se manejan pueden ser imprecisos y, por tanto, afectar al resultado de cualquier estudio de eficiencia y, por otra parte, el deseo de ordenar las empresas (Unidades De Toma de Decisión) atendiendo a la medición de su eficiencia. Para la medición de la eficiencia se ha recurrido a la metodología no paramétrica del Análisis Envolvente de datos (DEA) aplicandola a empresas del sector textil muy cercanas a nosotros. Ahora bien, dado que consideramos que siempre existe alguna incertidumbre o un posible error en la medición de algunos datos (inputs y outputs), introducimos la limitación de la certeza con el tratamiento fuzzy de los datos, métodos que no requieren conocer ni aplicar hipótesis sobre distribuciones de probabilidad de esos datos, que dicho sea de paso, podría no ser fáctible bajo determinados supuestos de incertidumbre. Pero además de la medir la eficiencia pretendemos proporcionar más información que la mera separación dicotómica entre empresas eficientes o no eficientes. Para ello desarrollamos y aplicamos los modelos de super-efficiencyfuzzy y cross-efficiency-fuzzy, que nos permiten establecer una ordenación bajo incertidumbre. Con este trabajo hemos realizado un estudio amplio de la eficiencia bajo incertidumbre. Se observa que los resultados obtenidos aplicando los distintos métodos son similares. Además, estos métodos proporcionan más información sobre las unidades estudiadas que las que proporciona un solo índice de eficiencia. Estos métodos pueden ser aplicables a otros tipos de empresas, aportando nueva información que puede ayudar u orientar en la toma de decisiones de sus gestores / Pla Ferrando, ML. (2013). Modelos flexibles para la valoración de la eficiencia [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31521 / TESIS

This diploma thesis summarizes the necessary knowledge for the design of the pump station. It focuses on the choice of suitable pumps and control valves. It also provides information on mathematical optimization methods. By combining these two disciplines a program was created that selects the most suitable combination of pumps and valves for the assigned requirements. These can vary over time. The goal of optimization is to minimize initial and operating costs. The phenomena considered are: time-varying flow and head height, serial and parallel co-operation of pumps, throttling control, a change of characteristics for variable speed and temperature, suction height control, maximum motor output, loss in connection piping.

The subject of this doctoral thesis is the solution of logistics systems in the context of waste management. The work begins with an extensive research in the field of modelling various situations from the waste transportation chain. There are presented multiple types of practical tasks in the area of operation research applicable to waste management. Their possibilities of extension and modification are analysed for use by investors, technical services or waste collection service providers. An essential part of the work is the identification of critical parameters in the waste collection at the level of municipalities and micro-regions. Based on practical requirements, challenges related to the improvement of decision-making and planning systems are defined. The available techniques proved to be insufficient for practical problems. For the area of changes and designs of collection systems (design and modification of routes, choice of the vehicle fleet, collection plan, etc.) there are no procedures that would include a whole range of operating conditions and parameters. The boundary conditions of the task affecting fundamental requirements are highly variable. The thesis presents a comprehensive approach, which is divided into several phases. The preparation and analysis of input data focused mainly on the creation of transport infrastructure, allocation of waste collection containers and their pairing to the network, which also reduces the size of the task. Furthermore, a procedure for compliance with the rules of the road was designed using a penalty function, and an algorithm for defining imaginary edges was implemented, which will allow distinguishing the frequency of collection on selected network segments. To reduce the size of the task, a segment clustering algorithm was also designed, which will enable the calculation of the collection even for larger areas. Input parameters related to operating time and fullness of collection containers are elaborated in greater detail, as they most influence the results of the task. A great benefit is also the algorithm generating the initialization solution from historical routes. As part of the related publishing activities, environmental criteria were defined to evaluate global and local impacts of waste transportation and treatment. The outputs of the thesis are used primarily for the analysis of collection systems, to support the deployment of waste containers, planning collection routes, time schedules and dimensioning the size of the vehicle fleet. The proposed algorithms were tested in several case studies, which proved the broad applicability of a comprehensive tool in the field of waste logistics. Although the thesis is focused on modelling the collection of municipal waste, the usability of the implemented procedures is possible in other areas of waste management or other sectors.

Master‘s thesis deals with the theory of distributed optimization programs (next time just DOP), the suggestion and programme sample solver DOP and verification of the functionality of DOP ideas, principles and system architecture.

Current wireless networks still employ techniques originally designed for their xed wired counterparts. These techniques make assumptions (such as a xed topology, a static enviroment and non-mobile nodes) that are no longer valid in the wireless communication environment. Furthermore, the techniques and protocols used in wireless networks should take the number of users of a network into consideration, since the channel is a shared and limited resource. This study deals with nding an optimal solution to resource allocation in wireless mesh networks. These networks require a solution to fair and optimal resource allocation that is decentralised and self-con guring, as users in such networks do not submit to a central authority. The solution presented is comprised of two sections. The rst section nds the optimal rate allocation, by making use of a heuristic. The heuristic was developed by means of a non-linear mixed integer mathematical formulation. This heuristic nds a feasible rate region that conforms to the set of constraints set forth by the wireless communication channel. The second section nds a fair allocation of rates among all the users in the network. This section is based on a game theory framework, used for modelling the interaction observed between the users. The fairness model is de ned in strategic form as a repeated game with an in nite horizon. The rate adaptation heuristic and fairness model employs a novel and e ective information distribution technique. The technique makes use of the optimized link state routing protocol for information distribution, which reduces the overhead induced by utilising multi-point relays. In addition, a novel technique for enforcing cooperation between users in a network is presented. This technique is based on the Folk theorem and ensures cooperation by threat of punishment. The punishment, in turn, is executed in the form of banishment from the network. The study describes the performance of the rate adaptation heuristic and fairness model when subject to xed and randomised topologies. The xed topologies were designed to control the amount of interference that a user would experience. Although these xed topologies might not seem to re ect a real-world scenario, they provide a reasonable framework for comparison. The randomised network topology is introduced to more accurately represent a real-world scenario. Furthermore, the randomised network topologies consist of a signi cant number of users, illustrating the scalability of the solution. Both data and voice tra c have been applied to the rate adaptation heuristic and fairness model. It is shown that the heuristic e ectively reduces the packet loss ratio which drops below 5% after about 15 seconds for all xed topologies. Furthermore, it is shown that the solution is near-optimal in terms of data rate and that a fair allocation of data rates among all nodes is achieved. When considering voice tra c, an increase of 10% in terms of data rate is observed compared to data tra c. The heuristic is successfully applied to large networks, demonstrating the scalability of the implementation. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted

The content of this dissertation consists of three parts. In the first part, optimal control strategies are developed for Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) following the clearance of fault conditions. UPFC is one of the most versatile Flexible AC Transmission devices (FACTs) that have been implemented thus far. The optimal control scheme is composed of two parts. The first is an optimal stabilization control, which is an open-loop ‘Bang’ type of control. The second is an suboptimal damping control, which consists of segments of ‘Bang’ type control with switching functions the same as those of a corresponding approximate linear system. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is very effective in maintaining stability and damping out transient oscillations following the clearance of the fault. In the second part, a new power market structure is proposed. The new structure is based on a two-level optimization formulation of the market. It is shown that the proposed market structure can easily find the optimal solutions for the market while takeing factors such as demand elasticity into account. In the last part, a mathematical programming problem is formulated to obtain the maximum value of the loadibility factor, while the power system is constrained by steady-state dynamic security constraints. An iterative solution procedure is proposed for the problem, and the solution gives a slightly conservative estimate of the loadibility limit for the generation and transmission system.

Better utilization of the airport system capacities can significantly decrease delays, as well as number of cancelled flights. An efficient Air Traffic Control system equipped with advanced technology installations in the terminal area can help reduce flight delays and cancellations. The same technology could also help reduce accidents in the terminal area, thereby increasing the safety of the system. Due to the expense of fielding advanced technology in the terminal area, it is important to conduct realistic cost-benefit analysis to predict the life-cycle cost of the system. A computer simulation and optimization model to estimate the costs and benefits of fielding advanced technologies at airport terminal areas is introduced in this paper. The model developed is called the Cost-Benefit Analysis Terminal Investment Model (COTIM). This model considers costs and benefits to both service providers (Federal Aviation Administration and airport authorities) and users (Airlines). The model combines a simulation-optimization based approach to predict benefits and costs accrued in one day or throughout the life-cycle of the facility. We present an example to demonstrate the functionality of the model using Chicago O'Hare International Airport (ORD) equipped with the Integrated Terminal Weather System (ITWS). The Integrated Terminal Weather System (ITWS) is a relatively new technology that forecasts convective weather movements thus allowing Air Traffic Control (ATC) personnel to re-direct flights inside the terminal area efficiently. COTIM estimates flight delays and cancellations at an airport, when the airport is equipped with advanced technologies such as ITWS. The model performs cost-benefit analysis by comparing a baseline scenario without terminal area technologies against a scenario with technology. The difference between the two scenarios help decision makers justify whether technology investments are warranted of not. / Master of Science

Yes / Over the past few decades, the banking sectors in Latin America have undergone rapid structural changes to improve the efficiency and resilience of their financial systems. The up-to-date literature shows that all the research studies conducted to analyze the above-mentioned efficiency are based on a deterministic data envelopment analysis (DEA) model or econometric frontier approach. Nevertheless, the deterministic DEA model suffers from a possible lack of statistical power, especially in a small sample. As such, the current research paper develops the technique of satisficing DEA to examine the still less explored case of Peru. We propose a Satisficing DEA model applied to 14 banks operating in Peru to evaluate the bank-level efficiency under a stochastic environment, which is free from any theoretical distributional assumption. The proposed model does not only report the bank efficiency, but also proposes a new framework for peer mining based on the Bayesian analysis and potential improvements with the bias-corrected and accelerated confidence interval. Our study is the first of its kind in the literature to perform a peer analysis based on a probabilistic approach.