The Driftwood Property is located in the southwest corner of the McConnell Creek map-area, about 87 miles north of Smithers, B. C. The property lies in a northwesterly trending belt of volcanic-sedimentary rocks that were mapped as Takla Group - Upper Division (Lord, 1948). The rocks are more correctly correlated with the Hazelton Group. They are bounded on the west and east by younger sedimentary formations. To the west is the Bowser Group and to the east, the Sustut Group. A Kastberg porphyry of Tertiary age has intruded the Takla Group rocks. Intrusion was into the epizonal environment and produced an irregular dyke-like body having a roof zone with anastamosing dykes and small roof pendants. The composition of the stock varies from granodiorite to quartz monzonite and alaskite. Differences in the stock are observed in textural, mineralogical, and chemical variations. Automorphism of the stock has resulted in propylitic alteration and contact metamorphism has resulted in an enveloping zone of hornfels. Temperatures at the intrusive contact as derived from heat flow calculations were probably a maximum of about 495 to 550°C and varied with respect to the type of rocks intruded.. A biotite hornfels of the albite-epidote hornfels facies has formed an aureole over 100 feet wide. A hornfels of the hornblende hornfels facies has been developed in narrow zones adjacent to parts of the intrusive contact. The porphyry is a metal-enriched intrusion in which some metallic grains formed in an accessory manner but most of the mineralization is epigenetic. The deposit has characteristics of both porphyry copper and quartz stockwork deposits with disseminated, fracture filling, vein, and replacement mineralization in the intrusive rock, hornfels, and skarn. The primary metallic minerals identified were: molybdenite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite, marcasite, aikinite, bournonite, and magnetite. Secondary or alteration minerals are rare and only minor goethite, maghemite, malachite, and ferrimolybdite were found. A five stage paragenesis is shown with at least three successive stages of veining. Sulphide deposition is believed to have started at temperatures in the order of 700°C and continued along with re-equilibriation of sulphides down to temperatures below 400°C and possibly 300°C for the sulphosalts. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Understanding what influences movement patterns in animals is important to the understanding of colonization, range expansion, and sourcesink dynamics. Rosss geese (Chen rossii) have been expanding their nesting range eastward, and, as recently as 1994, have been nesting in large numbers in such newly colonized areas. I sampled nests at the McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary (MCR), the largest known Rosss goose nesting colony outside the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary (QMG) to estimate its nesting population size. To understand whether immigration by Rosss geese to a new colony located outside traditional nesting areas has an adaptive basis, I compared nutritional, nesting, and survival metrics between geese nesting at the MCR and those nesting at Karrak Lake (KAR) in QMG. I hypothesized that because of longer nesting season, Rosss geese at MCR would have more fat and protein reserves, larger clutch sizes, and greater nest success than those at KAR. Additionally, I hypothesized that population change at MCR was due largely to in situ recruitment. To better understand factors motivating dispersal, movement by Rosss geese between nesting attempts at MCR was measured between years. I hypothesized that dispersal distance of nesting females between years t, and t+1 was a function of both a females own reproductive success as well as that of her neighbours.<p> In 1997 over 23,000 Rosss geese were counted at MCR. By 2007, population estimates (± SE) had increased to 81,408 (±12,367). Survival of both juvenile and adult geese marked at MCR was similar to those nesting at KAR; however, recovery rate estimates were greater than those for KAR. On average, Rosss geese arrived and initiated nests at MCR seven days earlier than at KAR. Abdominal fat was lower when nest initiation date was later in both areas, but was generally greater in geese nesting at MCR. Similarly, there was more indexed protein in geese at MCR than those at KAR in 2 of 3 years. Nesting indices such as clutch size and nest success did not show a consistent area effect, which interacted with a year effect.<p> Rosss geese at MCR did not appear to use individual or conspecific reproductive success when deciding if or how far to disperse between years, and temporary emigration rates also did not vary based on reproductive success the previous year. Instead, variables other than prior individual or neighbour nest success influenced Rosss goose nest site selection and colony fidelity. The number of Rosss geese nesting at MCR increased at an average rate of 11.4% per year from 20032007, despite no increase (0%) from 2006 to 2007. Vital rate information gathered during this time suggests that immigration may have contributed to this growth; however, with few assumptions it can be concluded that MCR is a sustainable population. As a result, studies of geese breeding at MCR provide evidence that arctic geese are capable of successfully colonizing nesting areas great distances beyond historic range.

Understanding what influences movement patterns in animals is important to the understanding of colonization, range expansion, and sourcesink dynamics. Rosss geese (Chen rossii) have been expanding their nesting range eastward, and, as recently as 1994, have been nesting in large numbers in such newly colonized areas. I sampled nests at the McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary (MCR), the largest known Rosss goose nesting colony outside the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary (QMG) to estimate its nesting population size. To understand whether immigration by Rosss geese to a new colony located outside traditional nesting areas has an adaptive basis, I compared nutritional, nesting, and survival metrics between geese nesting at the MCR and those nesting at Karrak Lake (KAR) in QMG. I hypothesized that because of longer nesting season, Rosss geese at MCR would have more fat and protein reserves, larger clutch sizes, and greater nest success than those at KAR. Additionally, I hypothesized that population change at MCR was due largely to in situ recruitment. To better understand factors motivating dispersal, movement by Rosss geese between nesting attempts at MCR was measured between years. I hypothesized that dispersal distance of nesting females between years t, and t+1 was a function of both a females own reproductive success as well as that of her neighbours.<p> In 1997 over 23,000 Rosss geese were counted at MCR. By 2007, population estimates (± SE) had increased to 81,408 (±12,367). Survival of both juvenile and adult geese marked at MCR was similar to those nesting at KAR; however, recovery rate estimates were greater than those for KAR. On average, Rosss geese arrived and initiated nests at MCR seven days earlier than at KAR. Abdominal fat was lower when nest initiation date was later in both areas, but was generally greater in geese nesting at MCR. Similarly, there was more indexed protein in geese at MCR than those at KAR in 2 of 3 years. Nesting indices such as clutch size and nest success did not show a consistent area effect, which interacted with a year effect.<p> Rosss geese at MCR did not appear to use individual or conspecific reproductive success when deciding if or how far to disperse between years, and temporary emigration rates also did not vary based on reproductive success the previous year. Instead, variables other than prior individual or neighbour nest success influenced Rosss goose nest site selection and colony fidelity. The number of Rosss geese nesting at MCR increased at an average rate of 11.4% per year from 20032007, despite no increase (0%) from 2006 to 2007. Vital rate information gathered during this time suggests that immigration may have contributed to this growth; however, with few assumptions it can be concluded that MCR is a sustainable population. As a result, studies of geese breeding at MCR provide evidence that arctic geese are capable of successfully colonizing nesting areas great distances beyond historic range.

Abstrakt Bakgrund: Patellofemoralt smärtsyndrom är ett vanligt förekommande smärttillstånd. Tejpning som behandlingsalternativ är väl använt av fysioterapeuter, trots bristande vetenskapligt underlag. Det skulle vara av värde att undersöka vad tidigare evidens säger kring tejpning som behandling vid PFSS.  Syfte: Att sammanställa och kartlägga om tejpning som isolerad eller kombinerad behandling minskar smärta hos personer med PFSS. Kvalitetsgranska resultaten av randomiserade kontrollstudier (RCT) med PEDro och bedöma dess tillförlitlighet med GRADEstud.  Metod: För systemisk litteratursökning formulerades följande PICO. P: Friska personer med PFSS, I: Tejpning, C: Annan behandling/ingen behandling, O: Smärtintensitet mätt med etablerade mätinstrument. Inklusionskriterier var randomiserade kontrollerade studier, studier publicerade de senaste 20 åren, studier på engelska och studier som finns att tillgå i fulltext.Exklusionskriterier var studier som är tillgängliga mot avgift. Systematisk sökning genomfördes i Pubmed, Cochrane och Web of Science. Åtta studier inkluderades och granskades med PEDro. GRADEstud användes för att bedöma resultatets tillförlitlighet.  Resultat: De åtta inkluderade studiernas kvalitet varierade mellan medelgod och hög kvalitet, enligt PEDro scale. Gällande kombinerad behandling fann två av de sex inkluderande studierna en signifkant skillnad. Gällande isolerad behandling fann en av de två studierna en signifikant skillnad. Det sammanvägda resultatets tillförlitlighet graderades som mycket låg (+), enligt GRADEstud.  Slutsats: Tejpning som behandling har en tvetydig evidens. Därmed kan denna studie inte avgöra huruvida tejpning har smärtlindrande effekt eller ej vid PFSS. / Abstract Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common pain condition. Taping as a treatment option is well used among physiotherapists, despite lack of evidence. It would be of value to investigate what earlier evidence says about taping as a treatment option in PFPS.  Objective: Compile and survey whether taping as an isolated or combined treatment has an effect on pain for people with PFPS. Quality review the results of randomized control studies (RCTs) with PEDro and assess its reliability with GRADEstud. Method: Structured question according to PICO. P: Healthy people with PFPS, I: Taping, C: Other / no treatment, O: Pain intensity measured with established measuring instruments. Inclusion criterias were RCTs, studies published in the last 20 years, studies in English and studies in full text. Exclusion criteria were studies available for a fee. Searches were conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane and Web of Science. Eight studies were included and reviewed with PEDro and GRADEstud.  Results: The eight included studies quality varied between moderate to high, according to the PEDro scale. Regarding combined treatment, two of the six included studies found a significant difference. Regarding isolated treatment only one of the two studies found a significant difference. The reliability of the weighted result was rated as very low (+), according to GRADEstud.  Conclusion: Taping as a treatment option has ambiguous evidence. Therefore, this study can not determine whether taping has a pain-relieving effect or not in PFPS.

This thesis is an exploratory study of the factors that account for the construction of a local social world around a frontier medical technology. The analysis is based on participant-centred accounts of the structuring of a PET world in the MNI&H. According to local actors, the following factors can be identified to have played a role in the birth, promotion, structuring, and maintenance of the local PET world: the personalities; the institution; the resulting tradition; the assessment of PET; the sense of quality; the size of the local PET world and of the institution; elements of the environment such as cost, finding sources, and manufacturers. The data show that the structuration of the PET world in this elitist research cum hospital institution cannot serve as a model for the diffusion of this frontier technology, although the demarcated pattern exhibits some characteristics common with those described in the literature for similar innovations.

No description available.

In a time when record numbers of dollars are being spent on campaigns the unregulated dollars are flowing faster than ever. Hundreds of millions of dollars in independent expenditures are being used for “issue advocacy”, print and broadcast advertising, which does not expressly endorse or oppose a candidate for office. The one-time campaign finance ceiling has become the campaign finance basement. Individuals are able to give unlimited dollars to 527 organizations, which function outside of all campaign finance regulation and provide a new path for the flow of political dollars. Since the passage of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, commonly known as the McCain-Feingold Act, federally regulated lobbyists and PACS are being edged out of the political dollar due to contribution limits. It is in 1996 that we witness the birth of 527 organizations and the flourishing growth of soft money spending in the campaign process.

No description available.