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International and Domestic Student Health-Information Seeking and SatisfactionAustin, Stacy Theodora 19 March 2013 (has links)
This study examines two groups -international and domestic students at Portland State University (PSU) - in terms of their motivations to seek university-health services, and their satisfaction with university-health services. The Theory of Motivated Information Management (W. A. Afifi & Weiner, 2004) served as the foundation for this study to examine the preferences of students in terms of the ways they seek information about their health concerns. Differences in international and domestic students' anxiety, efficacy, and satisfaction with physicians were supported. International students reported more anxiety than domestic students. Domestic students reported being more efficacious than international students when talking to a medical provider about a current medical issue. Also, international students reported higher satisfaction with a medical provider at their last university health services visit. First, subjects were asked if they currently have a medical concern for which they might consider consulting a physician at PSU health services. If this scenario applied, subjects were asked to rate a variety of possible, theoretically informed motivations for seeking medical information by consulting a physician, to test the Theory of Motivated Information Management. Second, subjects were asked if they have previously consulted a physician at PSU health services. If this scenario applied, subjects were asked to provide satisfaction ratings of the physician and staff. The results contribute to the understanding of information-seeking processes and support the theory's effectiveness in this situation, explaining where international and domestic students are significantly different in regard to their responses.
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Attitudes of Nursing Faculty Toward Patients With AIDS and Patients With a Homosexual LifestyleReynolds, Carol A. (Carol Ann) 05 1900 (has links)
The purposes of this study were (1) to determine whether patients with AIDS are stigmatized by nursing faculty, (2) to determine whether practicing homosexuals are stigmatized by nursing faculty, (3) to determine whether faculty attitudes toward AIDS patients are influenced by the patients' sexual preference, and (4) to determine whether faculty attitudes toward practicing homosexual patients are influenced by the patients' disease. This study is a modified replication of studies by Kelly et al.
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The research and development of a palliative care measurement toolLoubser, Hendrik Johannes 12 1900 (has links)
The study sought to research and develops a universal palliative care measurement tool that will track the performance of informal caregivers to dying persons across the diversity of the South African cultural and religious groupings.
The major inferences drawn from this study was that a generic domain, sub-items and intervals could be identified for palliative care; that a reliable measurement tool could be developed and that outcomes of care programs for dying persons in terms of effectiveness and efficiency could be numerically quantified.
With the ability to measure now been realised, the ability to manage the outcomes became the new challenge. / Nursing Sciences / M.A. (Health Studies)
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The district health information system (DHIS) as the support mechanism for strengthening the health care systemVan den Bergh, Christa 03 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to show how information from the District Health Information System can be used to empower managers to make evidence-based decisions that will strengthen the health care system to reduce the under-five mortality rate.
A quantitative, contextual, exploratory evaluative and descriptive approach was followed and a data extraction framework, based on systems theory, was developed to guide the process of extracting existing routine data.
A results-based approach was used to measure under-five mortality related health care in terms of impact, outcomes, outputs, processes and inputs. The study has highlighted that proxy indicators obtained this way places health care managers in the position to monitor progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goal for child mortality in the interim periods between large population surveys.
The findings displayed in the diagnostic performance profile revealed that drastic interventions are required to reduce the under-five mortality rate. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)
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A model for integrating social interventions into primary health care order to reduce maternal and child mortality in South AfricaMmusi-Phetoe, Rose Maureen Makapi 11 1900 (has links)
The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) have been persistently high in South Africa, with black, poor, rural women and neonates mostly affected. The MMR and the NMR are indicative of the health of the population and reflect deeper issues such as inequitable distribution of the country’s resources, social exclusion, deprivation, and lack of access to quality public services.
The purpose of the study was to develop a model to meet the overall health needs of the socially excluded, the deprived and the vulnerable women by listing those factors that influence maternal and child health outcomes. From the point of view that individual reproduction and health decision-making takes place in a milieu comprising multiple socio-economic and cultural factors, this study attempts to add to the body of knowledge on maternal and child health in order to influence policies and interventions.
Data was collected through a multi-staged, qualitative research design. The results show how structural factors result in high risk for poor maternal and child health outcomes, suggesting that the high rates of poor health outcomes are evidence of deprivation of women’s needs due to poverty leading to an inability to cope with pregnancy and childbirth. The results are used to develop a model that proposes pathways for policy action to confront both the structural and intermediary determinants of maternal and child ill health and mortality. These pathways operate through integrative and inter-sectorial mechanisms intended at empowering women and enhancing female reproductive health care activities. / Sociology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
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The perception of selected chiropractors, medical doctors, health maintenance organisation representatives and chiropractic patients regarding the integration of the chiropractic profession in the Israeli health care systemBar-Gil, Moshe Charley January 2009 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2009. / Chiropractic in Israel has become a more integrated part of many aspects of health care policies, in that it is practised in multidisciplinary medical teams, is now included in HMOs and hospitals services, and has contributed to research and military programmes. However, the chiropractic profession still has its problems. Without laws or legitimate recognition to protect chiropractors, the playing fields could never be levelled for all chiropractors in Israel. Patient use and demand for complementary and alternative practitioners, including chiropractors, is gradually increasing. However, there has been no research to investigate the perceptions of chiropractors, medical doctors and chiropractic patients (i.e. key stakeholders) regarding the integration of the chiropractic profession in the Israeli health care system. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions of a selected group of stakeholders about the integration of the chiropractic profession in the Israeli health care system. Such an exploration might help the profession to secure its position and claim a higher status in society. This is desirable to educate the public and the authorities on the many positive advantages of chiropractic, include access to chiropractic services for people who traditionally have not been able to use these services because of economic barriers or internal government and authorities limiting laws, as well to enhance its public image such as honesty, integrity and objectivity in the health care, and to avoid any criticism of organized medicine. It therefore stands to reason that the factors that might contribute to this type of development should be considered as soon as possible in those countries where chiropractors practise. This type of investigation is important not only in the Israeli setting, but indeed in every country where the profession is aiming toward increased recognition and awareness of the contribution of chiropractic to health care. Chiropractic now has the opportunity to expand its influence and take a more active role in health care issues. Therefore, although geographically removed, South Africa stands to gain interesting and useful information from an investigation of this nature. The investigation was carried out within a post positivist approach close to that of critical realism, using an interpretive methodology. The sampling was purposive as individuals were targeted for their knowledge in three main topics, these being the scope of chiropractic practice, inter-professional relations between Doctors of Chiropractic (DCs) and Medical Doctors (MDs), and developmental issues. The participants included five chiropractors, three medical doctors and three chiropractic patients, who all resided in the metropolitan area of Tel Aviv. were presented in tabular form in order to facilitate analysis and interpretation. Although there were some discrepancies regarding the knowledge and background of the participants about the topics discussed, all the participants met the inclusion criteria. The results show that chiropractic stands at the crossroads of mainstream and alternative medicine. Therefore it is important to establish a leading statement on identity, which must be clear, concise and immediately relevant to both the public and the profession. Although inter-professional relations between MDs and DCs in Israel are improving, further research should be conducted to provide suggestions on how chiropractors can overcome barriers and improve communication with MDs and other health care professionals in the Israeli health care system. In general, the participants agreed that governmental legislation, recognition and support are important endorsements with respect to the societal relevance and development of the profession. Therefore issues such as public awareness of chiropractic education and scope of practice, research and evidence-based practice must be emphasized accordingly in order to facilitate the development of chiropractic practice in Israel.
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Marketing transformation in the public health sector : a KwaZulu-Natal focusDorning, Augusta Waller 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the first democratic elections in 1994, the emphasis in corporate and
public life has been on transforming practices previously advocated by the
apartheid government. As the service provider to the public there has been
significant emphasis placed on the major sectors such as health and
education. In addition to policy documents which focus specifically on
health service delivery and the transformation envisaged, policy has also
extended to transforming service delivery in all sectors of government. In
designing policy for the transformation initiative little if any attention has
been paid to the particular needs of the health sector as a whole and the
public health sector in KwaZulu-Natal. Research conducted revealed that
most employees were unaware of the results required in order to effect
transformation within the public health sector of KwaZulu-Natal. To effect
change and transformation, an internal marketing strategy and plan had to
be designed. This strategy and plan would align the activities of each and
every employee to the vision, mission and values of the KwaZulu-Natal
Department of Health. The plan seeks to address issues such as
performance management, communications, control, and budgeting
considerations in order to market transformation to the 52 000 employees of
the Department who serve the health needs of 26 percent of the country's
population. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die eerste demokratiese verkiesing in 1994 val die klem in beide die
korporatiewe en publieke sektore op die transformasie van gebruike/praktyke
wat voorheen deur die apartheidsregering onderskryf is. As openbare
diensverskaffer is daar aansienlike klem geplaas op sekere hoofsektore soos
gesondheid en onderwys. Bo en behalwe beleidsdokumente wat spesifiek
fokus op dienslewering en die beoogde veranderings in gesondheid, is beleid
ook uitgebrei om verandering in dienslewering in alle regeringsektore in te
sluit. In die ontwikkeling van beleid vir die transformasie inisiatief, is weinig
of geen aandag geskenk aan die spesifieke behoeftes van die
gesondheidsektor in die algemeen en spesifiek die openbare
gesondheidsektor in KwaZulu-Natal. Navorsing bevind dat die meeste
amptenare onbewus is van welke resultate nodig is om transformasie in die
openbare gesondheidsektor in KwaZulu-Natal te verseker. Ten einde
verandering en transformasie te laat plaasvind, was dit nodig om 'n interne
bemarkingstrategie en-plan te ontwerp. Hierdie strategie en plan sal die
aktiwiteite van elke amptenaar fokus op die visie, missie en waardes van die
Departement van Gesondheid van KwaZulu-Natal. Die plan poog om
aangeleenthede soos prestasie-bestuur, kommunikasie, kontrole en
begrotingsimplikasies aan te spreek en sodoende die transformasieproses te
bemark aan die 52 000 werknemers van 'n Departement wat die
gesondheidsbehoeftes van 26 persent van die land se bevolking bedien.
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An evaluation of a selected component of a primary health care service : a nursing perspectiveLetsoalo, Ngokwana Jacqueline 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MCur)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Nationally and internationally emphasis is placed on quality care in health
services. The researcher identified a need to evaluate a component of
primary health care service in the Northern province. A study based on the
combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was conducted to
formulate and evaluate structure, process and outcome standards for selected
clinics in the Northern Province.
The most important results are:
• The standard relating to the structure was suboptimal. Physical and
human resources are of critical importance to the rendering of quality
patient care. However this did not comply with the pre-set standard
norm of 80%.
• Process standards focused on physical examination of patients taking
into account the age of the client and the systems involved. Substandard
care was found in all these aspects.
• Outcome standards determined by the patient questionnaire also
revealed negative findings.
Recommendations include the development of a quality improvement model
for the Northern Province Health Services, formulation of standards for all
disciplines of health care, annual evaluation of patient care and the institution
of a formal staff development programme.
Key words: quality care, formulation of standards, structure, process, outcome / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nasionaal en internasionaal word die belang van gehaltesorg in
gesondheidsdienste beklemtoon. Die navorser het enbehoefte ge'identifiseer
om en component van prirnerre gesondheidsorgdienste in die Noordelike
provinsie te evalueer. en Kombinasie van kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe
metodes is gebruik om struktuur-, proses en uitkomsstandaarde in
geselekteerde klinieke in die Noordelike provinsie te formuleer en evalueer.
Die belangrikste resultate was:
• Die standard ten opsigte van die standard was suboptimal. Fisiese en
menslike hulpbronne is van kritiese belang vir
gesondheidsdienslewering. Die standaard hiervan het nie voldoen aan
die voorafbepaalde norm van 80% wat gestel is nie.
• Prosesstandaarde het op fisiese ondersoek van die pasiente gefokus
met inagneming van die ouderdom van die klient en die simptome
waarmee pasiente presenter. Sub-standaardsorg is ten opsigte van al
hierdie aspekte gevind.
• Uitkomsstandaarde is deur middel van en pasientevraelys gemeet en
he took negatiewe bevindinge opgelewer.
Aanbevelings sluit in die ontwikkeling van engehalteversekeringsmodel vir die
Noordelike Provinsie se gesondheidsdienste, die formulering van standaarde
vir aile dissiplines van gesondheidsorg, jaarlikse evaluering van pasientesorq
en die instelling van enformele personeelontwikkelingsprogram.
Kernwoorde: Gehaltesorg, formulering van standaarde, struktuur, proses,
uitkomsstandaarde.
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The medical profession in a transforming South Africa society : ideals, values and roleMahlati, Malixole Percival 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Medicine in our country is under severe stress, brought about by internal and external
forces that need a response from the medical profession. The profession's attempts and
response will fall short unless the profession itself is aligned with the new social ethos and
the responses are based on the profession's inherent values.
Problem Statement:
Medical doctors have always been highly valued in society because of the duty they have
when illness and disease set in. As individuals, doctors have fulfilled other important roles
in the communities where they work. These include giving advice to young people on
career choices, counseling on various matters and provision of material help where there is
need. This profession has for a long time been shrouded in mystery, being a trade learnt by
a few. All these factors contributed to their social standing increasing phenomenally.
There is a view that this has also led to public perceptions that doctors are the rich
untouchable elite who have no interest or are unconcerned about problems faced by
society. The medical profession faces a challenge that is more significant because of the
value placed on it by society. The numerous submissions by the victims of human rights
abuses to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission have cast a shadow of doubt on the
medical profession for its complicity in these acts. The present government has declared
transformation of health care as one of its top priorities. The response of the medical
profession to this initiative has so far not led to any significant changes of public
perception that the profession is unwilling to participate in the transformation of our
society.
The challenge and subject of discussion in this thesis therefore is:
"What is the ideal role of the medical profession in a transforming South African
society?"
The medical profession, being the nerve centre of health care, has a big responsibility in
social transformation. Doctors stand accused as a collective for failing to protect the
human rights of patients and not living up to the standards of ethics required of them when patients' rights were violated. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission record of the
hearings into the role of the professional organisations in health is used in this thesis to
illustrate how serious society views the medical profession's role in the human rights
abuses of the past.
Based on the T. R. C's report and the assumption that society traditionally places high
value on the medical profession, I conducted a survey among South African doctors to test
their attitudes towards a range of policy and transformational issues. The unit of analysis
was the medical doctors who are in active practice in South Africa in whatever mode of
practice. The survey sought to explore the awareness of the respondents about a range of
transformation policy changes and invite their comments on the role that they envisage for
the medical profession in the process of transformation of society. There is unfortunately
scarcity or a lack of applicable South African literature on this topic thus limiting local
material for referencing. The search of international literature only yielded the subject of
the study of professional values and not necessarily the role of a medical profession in a
transforming society.
The medical profession has to re-visit its foundations, analyse its history and map out its
future in the context of the South African realities. It must find a way of aligning itself
with the new ethos and diverse cultures South Africa possesses. Medicine has its own
traditional goals and values derived and adapted from society's diverse cultural value
systems. With its national and international networks, the inherent knowledge and skills
that it possesses, guided by an ethical code, the Hippocratic Oath that serves as a public
promise, it influences policy on the country's health care system - a mechanism that
government uses to provide a basic human need.
The medical profession therefore has to be responsive to the needs of society as much as
society needs to support the profession. This thesis explores the role that the profession
should play in a transforming South African society. The argument is that this can only be
done through the profession examining its values and aligning itself with broader societal
value systems, the moral and social norms. It is further argued that visible realistic
commitment by the profession to public health will lead to an improvement in its public
image. It is the actions or non-actions of the majority that the public notices. The majority
of respondents to the survey have indicated that they approve of the transformation
policies in health but that they may differ in the way they were introduced. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die geneeskunde in ons land is onder geweldige druk as gevolg van interne en eksterne
faktore en dit is nodig dat die mediese beroep reageer. Dit sal die beroep egter nie help
om te reageer indien sy lede hulle nie met die nuwe maatskaplike etos vereenselwig nie en
die reaksie op die inherente waardes van die mediese beroep geskoei word nie.
Probleemstelling
Mediese dokters is nog altyd baie hoog geag deur die gemeenskap as gevolg van die
verpligting wat hulle het om na mense om te sien wanneer hulle siek word. In hulle
individuele hoedanigheid het dokters ook ander belangrike bydraes tot hulle
gemeenskappe gelewer. Dit sluit in: advies aan jong mense oor loopbaankeuses, berading
en die verskaffing van finansiele hulp waar nodig. Die beroep as sulks was egter vir baie
lank ietwat van 'n misterie omdat dit 'n vakrigting is waarin baie min mense hulle kon
bekwaam. Al hierdie faktore het die maatskaplike aansien/waarde van dokters geweldig
verhoog. Daar is ook diegene wat van mening is dat hierdie faktore aanleiding gegee het
tot die openbare mening dat dokters 'n ryk en onaantasbare elite is en glad nie in die
probleme van die gemeenskap belangstel nie. Die etlike voorleggings deur die slagoffers
van menseregtevergrype aan die Waarheids- en Versoeningskommissie het ook vrae
rondom die beroep se betrokkenheid by sodanige gevalle laat ontstaan. Die huidige
regering het die transformasie van gesondheidsorg as een van sy grootste prioriteite
verklaar. Die reaksie van die beroep hierop het tot dusver nie tot enige noemenswaardige
veranderinge in die openbare mening dat dokters nie bereid is om aan die transformasie
van ons gemeenskap deel te neem gelei nie.
Wat is die ideale rol van die mediese beroep in die transformasie van die Suid-
Afrikaanse gemeenskap?
As die senusentrum van gesondheidsorg het die mediese beroep 'n groot
verantwoordelikheid in maatskaplike transformasie. Dokters word kollektief beskuldig
dat hulle nagelaat het om die menseregte van pasiente te beskerm en nie voldoen het aan
die nodige etiese standaarde wat van hulle verwag word in die tyd toe pasienteregte
geskend is nie. Die rekord van die verhore van die Waarheids- en Versoeningskommissie
oor die rol van professionele gesondheidsorganisasies is vir die doeleindes van hierdie
tesis gebruik om te illustreer hoe ernstig die gemeenskap voeloor die mediese beroep se
rol in die menseregte vergrype van die verlede.
Gegrond op die WVK-verslag en die aanname dat die gemeenskap die mediese beroep
hoog ag, het ek 'n meningsopname onder 300 Suid-Afrikaanse dokters gedoen om hulle
houding jeens 'n aantal beleids- en transformasiekwessies te toets. Die eenheid van
analise was mediese dokters wat in die aktiewe praktyk staan, ongeag hulle praktykgebied.
Die opname het gepoog om te bepaal wat die vlak van bewustheid by die respondente oor
'n aantal beleidsveranderinge gerig op transformasie is, en hulle uit te nooi om
kommentaar te lewer op die rol wat hulle meen die mediese beroep behoort in die proses
te speel. Ongelukkig is daar nie toepaslike Suid-Afrikaanse literatuur oor die onderwerp
beskikbaar me. 'n Internasionale literatuursoektog het net studies rondom waardes
opgelewer, en nie oor die rol van 'n mediese beroep in die transformasie van 'n
gemeenskap nie.
Die mediese beroep moet die grondslag van sy wese in oenskou neem, die geskiedenis
analiseer en sy toekoms in die konteks van die Suid-Afrikaanse realiteite uitstippel. Die
beroep moet 'n manier vind om homself met die nuwe etos en uiteenlopende kulture van
Suid-Afrika te vereenselwig. Die geneeskunde het sy eie tradisionele doelwitte en waardes
gekry en aangepas vanuit die uiteenlopende kulturele waardestelsels van die gemeenskap.
Deur middel van sy nasionale en internasionale netwerke, inherente kennis en
vaardighede, die leiding van 'n etiese kode, die Eed van Hippokrates wat as 'n belofte aan
die publiek dien, beinvloed die mediese beroep die land se gesondheidsorgstelsel - 'n
meganisme van die regering om in 'n basiese menslike behoefte te voorsien.
Die mediese beroep moet daarom ingestel wees op die behoeftes van die gemeenskap in
dieselfde mate as wat die gemeenskap die beroep behoort te ondersteun. Hierdie tesis
ondersoek die rol wat die mediese beroep behoort te vervul in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse
gemeenskap waar transformasie besig is om plaas te vind. Daar word geargumenteer dat
dit net gedoen kan word indien die beroep sy waardes ondersoek en hom met die breer
maatskaplike waardestelsels vereenselwig. Daar word verder geargumenteer dat 'n
sigbare realistiese verbintenis van die mediese beroep tot openbare gesondheid tot die
verbetering van sy openbare beeld sal lei. Dit is die optrede of nie-optrede van die
meerderheid wat die publiek raaksien. Die meerderheid respondente in die
meningsopname het aangedui dat hulle die transformasiebeleid vir gesondheid ondersteun,
maar dat hulle verskil van die wyse waarop dit in werking gestel is.
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Who cares? : moral reflections on business in healthcareEsser, Jan Hendrik 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This evaluation serves the purpose of illuminating concepts and ideas behind
the moral impact of business values in healthcare and to establish a framework for
the analysis of moral dilemmas found in the sphere ofbio-medical ethics.
The historic developments of business in healthcare are examined, looking at
how and why business became an integral part of the health care system. The
concept of "managed healthcare" is introduced and used as the context in which the
different institutional role-players are brought together. Managed healthcare is
defined by a discussion of the different organisational structures through which it
manifests itself. The policies, procedures and regulations that managed healthcare
organisations implement and control to fulfil their general function are also
examined.
Some normative aspects pertaining to the concept of managed health care are
explored, including the institutional values of business and that of medicine. A brief
discussion of the economic system in which the business agents or role players
function are included in the evaluation of the institutional values of business. Further
arguments are made to show how the healthcare system with all its role players
displays the characteristics of a complex system. Discussions on the fundamental
values of medicine concentrate on the basic ideas behind virtues and principles of
medical ethics. It is argued that the development of these virtues and principles are
important foundations on which the medical profession stands.
The moral impact of combining these institutional values within the context
of managed healthcare relationships is examined and some important moral
dilemmas or conflicts are identified. It is further argued that the fundamental
relationships between all the role players in the health care system have changed as
all the agents function within a complex system, giving rise to new organisational
structures and relationships, with new conceptual roles, ideals, values and practices. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie evaluasie het dit ten doelom sekere konsepte en idees agter
die morele impak van besigheidswaardes in gesondheidsorg te illumineer en
om 'n raamwerk daar te stel vir die verdere analise van morele dilemmas in
die sfeer van bio-mediese etiek.
Die historiese ontwikkeling van besigheid in gesondheidsorg word
verken deur die redes aan te voer waarom besigheid deel van die
gesondheidsorgsisteem geword het. Die konsep "bestuurde gesondheidsorg"
word gebruik as die konteks waarin die verskillende institusionele rolspelers
bymekaar gebring word. Bestuurde gesondheidsorg word gedefinieer deur die
verskillende organisatoriese strukture waardeur dit manifesteer. Die
prosedures, regulasies en bereid wat bestuurde gesondheidsorgorganisasies
implementeer om hul funksies te vervul word ook verken.
Normatiewe aspekte van bestuurde gesondheidsorg word verken,
waarby ingesluit word die institusionele waardes van besigheid sowel as dié
van medisyne. 'n Kort beskrywing van die ekonomiese sisteem waarin die
besigheidsagente, of rolspelers funksioneer word ingesluit by die evaluasie
van die institusionele waardes van besigheid. Verdere argumente word
gevoer om te wys daarop hoe die gesondheidsorgsisteem met al sy rolspelers
die karakter toon van 'n komplekse sisteem. Die basiese idees agter
deugsaamheid en morele beginsels van bio-mediese etiek word bespreek om
die fundamentele waardes van medisyne te beskryf. Daar word
geargumenteer dat die ontwikkeling van hierdie waardes 'n belangrike
fondament is waarop die mediese professie staan.
Die morele impak van die kombinasie tussen die institusionele
waardes van besigheid en medisyne binne die konteks van bestuurde
gesondheidsorg word geevalueer en belanrike morele dilemmas en konflikte
word geidentifiseer. Verder word geargumenteer dat die fundamenrele
verhouding tussen al die rol spelers in die gesondheidsisteem verander het
danksy die funksionering van die agente binne hierdie komplekse sisteem.
Dit lei op sy beurt na veranderinge in organisatoriese strukture en
verhoudinge met nuwe konsepsuele rolle, idiale, waardes en praktyke.
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