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A interface entre psiquiatria e literatura na obra de Lima Barreto / The interface between psychiatry and literature in the work of Lima BarretoRachman, Sergio 19 April 2010 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As humanidades médicas têm sido cada vez mais valorizadas mundialmente. No entanto, são poucos os estudos psiquiátricos nessa área no Brasil. A obra de Lima Barreto (1881-1922) reveste-se de importância para o psiquiatra pelo fato de este escritor ter tido grande contato com o meio psiquiátrico de sua época, em virtude da doença mental de seu pai e de seu quadro de alcoolismo, que motivou duas internações no Hospício Nacional de Alienados do Rio de Janeiro. Neste trabalho, procuramos relacionar a obra de Lima Barreto ao contexto histórico da psiquiatria e à sua biografia, testando ainda a hipótese de que o autor tenha apresentado declínio cognitivo expresso na elaboração de sua última obra, em virtude do alcoolismo. MÉTODOS: A obra do autor foi pesquisada, sendo analisadas as representações de doença mental. Como referencial teórico, utilizou-se os conceitos de carnavalização e de cronotopo de Mikhail Bakhtin. Foi usado, ainda, um software (WordSmith tools 3.0) para encontrar variáveis linguísticas que pudessem ter relação com declínio cognitivo do autor. RESULTADOS: Nas primeiras obras, há tendência para caracterizar a doença mental de forma idealizada ou caricatural; nas últimas, de forma mais naturalista e objetiva. Os percursos dos personagens dos últimos romances têm tendências mais fatalistas, com menor grau de mudança psicológica dos personagens, quando comparados com os romances iniciais. Com os relatos do autor sobre sua internação, tem-se acesso a uma descrição das condições do Hospício Nacional de Alienados, de seus internos e do caráter das internações. Observou-se, também, menor diversidade lexical na última obra do autor, aferido pelo software. CONCLUSÕES: A obra de Lima Barreto é uma fonte representativa para aqueles que estudam história da psiquiatria brasileira do início do século XX e fornece elementos diversos daqueles presentes em vários estudos, principalmente ligados a ideologias críticas à psiquiatria. As diferenças nas representações da doença mental no início e no fim da obra provavelmente refletem elementos biográficos e psicológicos do autor. O achado de menor diversidade lexical presente na última obra pode ter relação com declínio cognitivo do autor. / INTRODUCTION: The medical humanities have been increasingly valued worldwide. However, there are few psychiatric studies in this area in Brazil. The work of Lima Barreto (1881-1922) is important to the psychiatrist because this writer had great contact with the psychiatric medium of his time, because of his father\'s mental illness and because of his picture of alcoholism, which led him to two hospitalizations in the National Asylum for the Insane in Rio de Janeiro. In this paper we try to relate the work of Lima Barreto to the historical context of psychiatry and his biography, testing also the hypothesis that the author had cognitive decline expressed in the preparation of his latest book, due to alcoholism. METHODS: The author\'s work was investigated, and the representations of mental illness analyzed. The theoretical framework used included Mikhail Bakhtin\'s concepts of chronotope and carnivalization. It was also used a software (WordSmith tools 3.0) to find linguistic variables that could be related to cognitive decline of the author. RESULTS: In early works, there is a tendency to characterize mental illness in an idealized or caricatured way, and in the late ones, in a more naturalistic and objective way. The paths of the characters in later novels have more fatalistic tendencies, with lower levels of psychological change of the characters, when compared to the early novels. With the reports of the author on his admission in the psychiatric hospital, we have access to a description of condition of the National Asylum for the Insane, its internals and the character of admissions. It was also observed that there was less lexical diversity in the last work of the author, as measured by the software. CONCLUSIONS: Lima Barreto\'s work is a representative source for those studying the history of psychiatry of the early twentieth century and provides different elements compared to those present in several studies, mainly linked to ideologies critical to psychiatry. The differences in the representations of mental illness at the beginning and the end of the work probably reflect biographical and psychological elements of the author. The finding of lower lexical diversity present in the latest work may be related to cognitive decline of the author.
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A interface entre psiquiatria e literatura na obra de Lima Barreto / The interface between psychiatry and literature in the work of Lima BarretoSergio Rachman 19 April 2010 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As humanidades médicas têm sido cada vez mais valorizadas mundialmente. No entanto, são poucos os estudos psiquiátricos nessa área no Brasil. A obra de Lima Barreto (1881-1922) reveste-se de importância para o psiquiatra pelo fato de este escritor ter tido grande contato com o meio psiquiátrico de sua época, em virtude da doença mental de seu pai e de seu quadro de alcoolismo, que motivou duas internações no Hospício Nacional de Alienados do Rio de Janeiro. Neste trabalho, procuramos relacionar a obra de Lima Barreto ao contexto histórico da psiquiatria e à sua biografia, testando ainda a hipótese de que o autor tenha apresentado declínio cognitivo expresso na elaboração de sua última obra, em virtude do alcoolismo. MÉTODOS: A obra do autor foi pesquisada, sendo analisadas as representações de doença mental. Como referencial teórico, utilizou-se os conceitos de carnavalização e de cronotopo de Mikhail Bakhtin. Foi usado, ainda, um software (WordSmith tools 3.0) para encontrar variáveis linguísticas que pudessem ter relação com declínio cognitivo do autor. RESULTADOS: Nas primeiras obras, há tendência para caracterizar a doença mental de forma idealizada ou caricatural; nas últimas, de forma mais naturalista e objetiva. Os percursos dos personagens dos últimos romances têm tendências mais fatalistas, com menor grau de mudança psicológica dos personagens, quando comparados com os romances iniciais. Com os relatos do autor sobre sua internação, tem-se acesso a uma descrição das condições do Hospício Nacional de Alienados, de seus internos e do caráter das internações. Observou-se, também, menor diversidade lexical na última obra do autor, aferido pelo software. CONCLUSÕES: A obra de Lima Barreto é uma fonte representativa para aqueles que estudam história da psiquiatria brasileira do início do século XX e fornece elementos diversos daqueles presentes em vários estudos, principalmente ligados a ideologias críticas à psiquiatria. As diferenças nas representações da doença mental no início e no fim da obra provavelmente refletem elementos biográficos e psicológicos do autor. O achado de menor diversidade lexical presente na última obra pode ter relação com declínio cognitivo do autor. / INTRODUCTION: The medical humanities have been increasingly valued worldwide. However, there are few psychiatric studies in this area in Brazil. The work of Lima Barreto (1881-1922) is important to the psychiatrist because this writer had great contact with the psychiatric medium of his time, because of his father\'s mental illness and because of his picture of alcoholism, which led him to two hospitalizations in the National Asylum for the Insane in Rio de Janeiro. In this paper we try to relate the work of Lima Barreto to the historical context of psychiatry and his biography, testing also the hypothesis that the author had cognitive decline expressed in the preparation of his latest book, due to alcoholism. METHODS: The author\'s work was investigated, and the representations of mental illness analyzed. The theoretical framework used included Mikhail Bakhtin\'s concepts of chronotope and carnivalization. It was also used a software (WordSmith tools 3.0) to find linguistic variables that could be related to cognitive decline of the author. RESULTS: In early works, there is a tendency to characterize mental illness in an idealized or caricatured way, and in the late ones, in a more naturalistic and objective way. The paths of the characters in later novels have more fatalistic tendencies, with lower levels of psychological change of the characters, when compared to the early novels. With the reports of the author on his admission in the psychiatric hospital, we have access to a description of condition of the National Asylum for the Insane, its internals and the character of admissions. It was also observed that there was less lexical diversity in the last work of the author, as measured by the software. CONCLUSIONS: Lima Barreto\'s work is a representative source for those studying the history of psychiatry of the early twentieth century and provides different elements compared to those present in several studies, mainly linked to ideologies critical to psychiatry. The differences in the representations of mental illness at the beginning and the end of the work probably reflect biographical and psychological elements of the author. The finding of lower lexical diversity present in the latest work may be related to cognitive decline of the author.
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Women's self-writing and medical science : Harriet Martineau, Charlotte Bronte, Harriet Jacobs, and Elizabeth StoddardRusso, Sarah L. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Syracuse University, 2008. / "Publication number: AAT 3323081."
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Männerkrankheiten : medicine and masculinity in the works of Arthur Schnitzler /Herzog, Hillary Hope. January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Chicago, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.
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Civilizando as artes de curar: Chernoviz e os manuais de medicina popular no império / Civilizing the arts of healing: Chernoviz and popular medicine handbooks in the EmpireGuimarães, Maria Regina Cotrim January 2003 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2003 / Pretende contribuir para o entendimento dos diferentes significados do Chernoviz - enquanto representante da medicina legitimada pelas instituições oficiais, como a Academia Imperial de Medicina e as Faculdades de Medicina - no ambiente médico da Corte. O Chernoviz foi lido e utilizado por pessoas de diversas categorias sociais e profissionais, para as quais facilitou o entendimento da hermética ciência médica. A fim de precisar algumas caracteríticas do Chernoviz, são introduzidos dois problemas: um deles diz respeito à interpretação do papel dos manuais por uma parte da literatura, segundo a qual, estes livros seriam repositórios de crendices; o segundo reside numa possível antítese entre o estatuto individual do saber médico acadêmico, em relação ao diagnóstico e à terapêutica, e o caráter generalizador que os manuais imputaram a esse mesmo conhecimento.
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Avaliação metodológica dos artigos publicados na área de ortopedia e traumatologia nos anos de 2004 e 2005 / Evaluation of articles published within the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology in the years 2004 and 2005Amatuzzi, Maria Luiza Lotumulo 19 June 2007 (has links)
A autora avaliou a qualidade dos artigos publicados na literatura brasileira, na área de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Foi feita a revisão de todos os artigos constantes dos sumários da Acta Ortopédica Brasileira e da Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, em seus fascículos publicados nos anos de 2004 e 2005. Considerou que o conteúdo dessas duas Revistas retrata a produção científica nacional na área e que sua análise pode responder ao objetivo do trabalho. Após o levantamento da literatura, foi escolhida a classificação de Cook adaptada por Atallah para a classificação dos artigos por Nível de Evidência. Foi utilizada a lista de Atallah para a avaliação metodológica para trabalhos sobre terapêutica, etiologia e diagnóstico. Os artigos de ciência básica foram avaliados por suas características metodológicas e classificados por parâmetros representativos de seu nível e utilizados formulários preenchidos por dois avaliadores. Foram aplicados cálculos de estatística descritiva. A autora conclui que a qualidade metodológica dos artigos publicados nas revistas analisadas é inadequada e tem baixo Nível de Evidência. / The author evaluated the quality of articles published within the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology in Brazil. A review was conducted on all the articles appearing in the summaries of Acta Ortopédica Brasileira and Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, in their issues published in the years 2004 and 2005. The author took the content of these two journals to portray the national scientific production in this field and made the assumption that analysis of these journals would provide answers for the study objective. After surveying the literature, the classification of Cook as adapted by Atallah for classifying articles by evidence level, was chosen. Atallahs list for evaluating the methodology of studies on therapies, etiologies and diagnoses was utilized. Articles on basic science were evaluated according to the methodological characteristics and were classified using parameters that represented their level. Forms filled out by two evaluators were utilized. Descriptive statistical calculations were applied. The author concluded that the methodological quality of the articles published in the journals analyzed is inadequate and provides a low level of evidence.
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Master narratives, counterstories and identity mothering in a clinical setting /Passantino, Andrea. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Philosophy, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-56).
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Avaliação metodológica dos artigos publicados na área de ortopedia e traumatologia nos anos de 2004 e 2005 / Evaluation of articles published within the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology in the years 2004 and 2005Maria Luiza Lotumulo Amatuzzi 19 June 2007 (has links)
A autora avaliou a qualidade dos artigos publicados na literatura brasileira, na área de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Foi feita a revisão de todos os artigos constantes dos sumários da Acta Ortopédica Brasileira e da Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, em seus fascículos publicados nos anos de 2004 e 2005. Considerou que o conteúdo dessas duas Revistas retrata a produção científica nacional na área e que sua análise pode responder ao objetivo do trabalho. Após o levantamento da literatura, foi escolhida a classificação de Cook adaptada por Atallah para a classificação dos artigos por Nível de Evidência. Foi utilizada a lista de Atallah para a avaliação metodológica para trabalhos sobre terapêutica, etiologia e diagnóstico. Os artigos de ciência básica foram avaliados por suas características metodológicas e classificados por parâmetros representativos de seu nível e utilizados formulários preenchidos por dois avaliadores. Foram aplicados cálculos de estatística descritiva. A autora conclui que a qualidade metodológica dos artigos publicados nas revistas analisadas é inadequada e tem baixo Nível de Evidência. / The author evaluated the quality of articles published within the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology in Brazil. A review was conducted on all the articles appearing in the summaries of Acta Ortopédica Brasileira and Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, in their issues published in the years 2004 and 2005. The author took the content of these two journals to portray the national scientific production in this field and made the assumption that analysis of these journals would provide answers for the study objective. After surveying the literature, the classification of Cook as adapted by Atallah for classifying articles by evidence level, was chosen. Atallahs list for evaluating the methodology of studies on therapies, etiologies and diagnoses was utilized. Articles on basic science were evaluated according to the methodological characteristics and were classified using parameters that represented their level. Forms filled out by two evaluators were utilized. Descriptive statistical calculations were applied. The author concluded that the methodological quality of the articles published in the journals analyzed is inadequate and provides a low level of evidence.
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The influences of traditional medicine in relation to its various use by the African societies : a review of Zulu novels.Ntshangase, Sicelo Ziphozonke. January 2000 (has links)
Traditional medicine, unlike western medicine, is not merely concerned with physical
illness, but it is used for various purposes. For instance: It can be used for lkuthwala'
(the process whereby a person consults a traditional doctor for the medicine that will
make a person very rich). The practice of 'ukuthwala' has numerous disavantages,
especially because of the price that is paid in return of the wealth accumulated. The
price is usually a human sacrifice, depending on what version of Ukuthwala' a person
has opted for. Traditional medicine can also be used for witchcraft (ukuthakatha),for
protection against evil spirits (ukuqinisa) , for making someone love you, for job
opportunities, and for inspiration of the army. It can be either used for good or evil
purposes. The dissertation looks at both versions by strongly drawing examples from
Zulu novels.
Other issues raised in this study is the importance of religion and cosmology, culture,
magic, as well as spiritual healing, in association with traditional medicine. The
Africans believe in the spirit world. They believed that for people to communicate
with 'Mvelinqangi ' (God) there should be 'amadlozi' (the ancestors), who should
intercede with God on their behalf. Usually, they call a sangoma' (medium) or
'inyanga' (medicine-man) to perform the religious ritual, or he would just instruct the
elder person in the family how to carry out the procedure of communicating with the
ancestors (Canonici, 1996). Traditional medicine has its own professional ethics.
These ethics are also discussed in the research. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.
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Embodied ideas and divided selves: revisiting Laing via BakhtinBurkitt, Ian, Sullivan, Paul W. January 2009 (has links)
In this article, we apply Mikhail Bakhtin's model of a 'divided self' to R.D. Laing's eponymous work on the lived experience of divided selves in 'psychosis'. Both of these authors offer intriguing insights into the fracturing of self through its social relationships (including the 'micro-dialogues' staged for oneself) but from uniquely different perspectives. Bakhtin (1984) uses Dostoevsky's novels as his material for a theory of self, centrally concerned with moments of split identity, crisis, and personal transformation, while Laing relies on his patient's accounts of 'psychosis'. We will outline how two key Bakhtinian divisions of the self (spirit/soul and authoritative/internally persuasive discourse) help to make sense of Laing's descriptions of his patient's experiences and micro-dialogues. Conversely, when refracted through Laing's phenomenology Bakhtin's account of the self becomes richer and somewhat darkened in terms of a double-edged ontology, which describes a maximally open self but one that is consumed by ideas, unable to manage their contradictions. The implications of this for managing the dilemmas of self-identity will be drawn out.
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