Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 303-313).

A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements of the PhD degree. Johannesburg 2014 / The current study investigates the relationship between stressful life events, personality profile, dissociative experiences, attachment styles and the types of crimes committed among 100 mentally ill offenders and 100 criminal offenders in the South African context. It is motivated by the fact that there are no studies in South Africa comparing forensic patients and criminal offenders and the various factors that may lead to criminal behaviour, and how these may present in terms of the type and/or nature of offences committed. Instead, there is a growing emphasis on observation of patients and assessments for fitness and competence to stand trial with very little focus on understanding the mentally ill offenders and criminal offenders. This study aims to improve the understanding and knowledge with regards to the presentation of each of these groups under study and also to investigate possible differences in the types of crimes committed. It aims to assess possible correlations between the variables of the study (stressful life events, personality profiles, dissociative experiences, attachment styles and the types of crimes). It further aims to inform future treatment interventions in the forensic setting and to offer possible prevention models for the community setting. The study hypothesises that there are no differences between the mentally ill offenders and criminal offenders with regards to stressful life events, personality profile, dissociative experiences, attachment styles and the types of crimes committed. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Committee for Research on Human Subjects of the University of Witwatersrand‟s medical school. The sample size of this study consists of 200 participants (156 males and 54 females). Convenience sampling was used, where 100 mentally ill offenders admitted at the Sterkfontein Psychiatric Hospital and 100 criminal offenders, incarcerated at the Johannesburg Correctional Services in the Johannesburg area at the time of data collection, were involved in the study. The mentally ill offenders from Sterkfontein Psychiatric Hospital were interviewed at the hospital and the criminal offenders from Correctional Services were interviewed in their respective prisons without the presence of a prison guard. Participants‟ ages ranged from 18 years to 60 years. Those people who were not willing to participate were not included in the study. The Biographical details questionnaire, Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ), Multiphasic Minnesota Personality Inventory – II (MMPI-II), Dissociative Experience Scale (DES) and Attachment Styles Questionnaire (ASQ) were administered to the participants of the study as a means of gathering information regarding the variables under study. The types of crimes and diagnoses were obtained from the records. The study attempted to ascertain whether there were any associations, and whether predictions could be made for possible future assessments and treatment strategies. It is a quasi-experimental design with “diagnosis” as the between-participants factor. Independent variables of the study were the type of offender, i.e. mentally ill/clinical/forensic patient offender and criminal offenders, as well as the types of crimes, i.e. violent or non-violent crime. The dependent variables were stressful life events. These variables were measured in terms of low risk to illness, moderate risk and high risk to illness; personality profile; dissociative experiences, measured as either low levels or high levels of dissociation and attachment styles (secure, fearful avoidant, ambivalent and preoccupied attachment styles). The confounding variables were substance abuse, medication and comorbid diagnoses. Descriptive statistics and the discriminant function analysis were performed. Box M was also performed to test the null hypothesis that the covariance matrices did not differ between groups formed by the dependent variables. The Chi Square test for independence was also used to determine whether associations existed between two nominally categorical variables. The results of the study indicated that there were only four female participants in the clinical offender group. A high number of research participants were single in both the criminal (72%) and clinical (80%) offender groups. Furthermore, the majority of the participants in the study were Black, where 93% in the criminal offender group and 75% in the clinical offender group. 65% of the participants in the criminal offender group and 85% in the clinical offender group had no tertiary education. There was evidence that clinical offenders tended to commit more violent crimes (83%), while criminal offenders committed more non-violent (61%) and “other” crimes (21%). 91% of criminal offenders reported homelessness compared to clinical offenders (22%). The Dissociative Experience Scale was statistically significant, suggesting that dissociative experiences were a strong determinant of whether one is deemed a criminal or clinical offender. High levels of stress were correlated with higher incidents of criminal behaviour. In contrast to the literature review, past childhood trauma was not statistically significant in the current study. Clinical offenders reported more psychological problems. When ANOVA‟s were performed, psychological difficulties such as depression, anger, antisocial practices, low self-esteem, psychasthenia and family problems were statistically significant, suggesting that these variables were strong determinants for the likelihood of criminal offending. Dismissive and Fearful attachment styles were statistically significant. In conclusion, dissociative experiences, social re-adjustment, psychological pathology and both dismissive and fearful attachment styles were strong determinants of offending behaviour.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006.

by Iu Wai-yu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-146). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.i-ii / abstract --- p.iii-iv / ABSTRACT (Chinese version) --- p.v-vi / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vii-xii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xiv-xvi / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.xvii-xviii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Research problem --- p.2-6 / Purpose and objectives of the study --- p.7 / Hypothesis --- p.8-9 / Operational definitions --- p.9 / Significance of the study --- p.10-13 / Overview of the thesis --- p.13 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Introduction --- p.14 / Definition of QOL --- p.15-18 / Measurement of QOL --- p.18 / The use of objective and subjective QOL Measurement --- p.19-23 / Generic vs. Specific instruments --- p.23-24 / Studies on QOL on mentally ill clients --- p.25-29 / Factors influencing QOL --- p.29-33 / Conceptual framework of the study --- p.34-37 / Summary --- p.37 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- METHODOLOGY / Introduction --- p.38 / Research design --- p.38-39 / Method --- p.39-41 / Sampling --- p.41-44 / Measurements --- p.45-51 / The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale --- p.45-46 / The WHOQOL-BREF-HK --- p.47-48 / The Lehman QOLI-brief version --- p.48-51 / Demographic data sheet --- p.51 / Pilot study --- p.52 / Data collection --- p.53-54 / Ethical consideration --- p.55-56 / Data analysis --- p.56-58 / Summary --- p.58 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- RESULT / Introduction --- p.59 / Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants --- p.59-65 / Clinical characteristics of the participants --- p.66-70 / Results from QOLI --- p.71-79 / Results from WHOQOL --- p.80-81 / Different perception of QOL in different groups --- p.81-94 / Difference in perception of QOL between different gender --- p.82 / Difference in perception of QOL between among different age ranges --- p.83-85 / Relationships between employment status and perception of QOL --- p.86-87 / Relationships between mental status and perception of QOL --- p.88-90 / Relationships between years of onset of mental illness and perception of QOL --- p.91 / Relationships between number of hospitalization and one's QOL --- p.91-92 / Relationships between CPNS and perception of QOL --- p.93 / Relationships between attending DH and perception of QOL --- p.94 / Predictors of QOL --- p.95-98 / Summary --- p.99 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- DISCUSSION / Introduction --- p.100 / Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants --- p.100-104 / Perception of QOL --- p.104-109 / Social relationships --- p.109-111 / Family relationships --- p.111-112 / Sexual relationships --- p.113 / Environment --- p.113-114 / Financial situation --- p.114-115 / Mental status and QOL --- p.115-116 / Service utilization and QOL --- p.117-118 / Predictors of QOL --- p.118-120 / Objective indicators and subjective perception of QOL --- p.121 / Summary --- p.122 / Chapter chapter 6 --- conclusion and implications / Introduction --- p.123 / Summary of the study --- p.123-124 / Implications to health care policy --- p.125-130 / Implications to nursing practice --- p.130-134 / Implications for future research --- p.135-136 / Limitations of the study --- p.137 / references --- p.138-146 / appendices --- p.147-178

Background. Subjective quality of life (SQOL) is increasingly gaining attention in psychiatric practice and research. To date, few studies have examined the SQOL in outpatients with schizophrenia in China. / Conclusions. Despite considerable differences between the two sites in terms of socio-cultural background, health care delivery and the economic conditions of the subjects, the SQOL did not differ significantly between HK and BJ. SQOL was more strongly related to the severity of depressive symptoms and had only weak association with socio-demographic factors. / Method. In the psychiatric outpatient services of two university-affiliated teaching hospitals in BJ and HK, 522 (264 in BI and 258 in HK) clinically stable outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia (age: 18-60 years) were randomly selected according to the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. The two samples were matched according to age, sex, educational level, and length of illness. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was confirmed on the basis of a chart review followed by a diagnostic interview on both sites by the candidate. Socio-demographic data were collected and clinical characteristics including psychotic and depressive symptoms, drug-induced extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), and SQOL were assessed by the candidate. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the SQOL and its four domains between the two sites after controlling for the effect of the clinical condition of the subjects. Bi-variate correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between SQOL and socio-demographic and clinical data. / Objectives of the study. This study compared SQOL in schizophrenia patients living with their families in Hong Kong (HK) and Beijing (BI) and explored the relationship between SQOL and socio-demographic and clinical factors. / Results. There was no significant difference in SQOL and its domains between the two cohorts after controlling for the effect of other confounding variables. Length of illness, history of suicide attempts, positive, negative, depressive and anxiety symptoms and EPS were all significantly correlated with SQOL. Multiple regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms predicted all SQOL domains while positive symptoms predicted the psychological, the social relationship and environmental SQOL domains. Married status predicted the social relationship SQOL domain and length of illness predicted the environmental SQOL domain. / Xiang Yu-tao. / "October 2006." / Advisers: G. S. Ungvari; W. K. Tang. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-08, Section: B, page: 5131. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-122). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.P.H.M. (Primary Health Care Management))--Mahidol University, 2008. / LICL has E-Thesis 0038 ; please contact computer services.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-07T15:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 24.pdf: 1714887 bytes, checksum: 05b3cd499a7d3a385c0eb6fa7b555f2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O Hospício Pedro II, posteriormente denominado Hospício Nacional de Alienados (HNA), foi criado em 1841, mas somente inaugurado em 1852 para abrigar indivíduos considerados loucos residentes no Distrito Federal e cercanias. Naquela época, a instituição foi idealizada para receber qualquer pessoa que sofresse de moléstias mentais. À primeira vista ao observarmos os prontuários do hospício, percebemos que não havia homogeneidade entre os internos, existindo todo o tipo de indivíduos, com diferentes moléstias e com diversas características físicas e sócio-econômicas. Contudo, uma observação mais detalhada, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, nos mostra especificidades comuns aos pacientes: um número significativamente superior de pacientes oriundos de camadas sociais menos favorecidas e uma predominância, principalmente entre estes, de determinados diagnósticos. Apoiado nestas informações, este trabalho procura investigar o discurso da loucura paradigmaticamente aceito pela psiquiatria nacional; quem são os receptáculos deste discurso na sociedade; como ocorre a interação entre discurso e prática psiquiátrica; e se há por parte do Estado brasileiro uma apropriação do discurso médico como forma de higiene social.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-07T15:55:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 25.pdf: 9060720 bytes, checksum: fa46e54704bdb0895101bd3c5393c6fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O Espiritismo é uma das práticas religiosas com maior número de adeptos e interessados no Brasil. Apesar de sua incontestável importância, poucos são os estudos históricos que se dedicam ao tema. Esta pesquisa visa analisar a atuação de uma das correntes espíritas mais influentes no início do século XX: O Espiritismo Racional e Científico Cristão, criado e dirigido por um rico cafeicultor português chamado Luiz de Mattos. Sob a égide desta doutrina foi construído o Centro Espírita Redemptor, no Rio de Janeiro, que adotava um método particular de tratamento da loucura. A presente pesquisa visa analisar as divergências desta doutrina com a doutrina Kardecista e a concepção de loucura e terapêutica para o tratamento da mesma adotadas publicamente pelo representante do Redemptor entre os anos de 1912 e 1924.

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa kan te sig på olika sätt och att vara anhörig till en person med psykisk ohälsa kan vara påfrestande. Anhöriga kan ha behov av stöd och delaktighet i vården. Vårdpersonal anser att anhöriga kan vara en resurs och att även de behöver stöd. Dock finns barriärer för att involvera anhöriga som kan leda till att de inte får det stöd de behöver.Syfte: Att belysa vilka erfarenheter anhöriga har av att ha en närstående med psykisk ohälsa och vilka erfarenheter de har i kontakten med den psykiatriska vården.Metod: Designen är gjord som en litteraturöversikt. Cinahl och PsycINFO är sökmotorer som använts. Resultatet baseras på 15 kvalitativa artiklar som belyste anhörigas erfarenheter av att ha en närstående med psykisk ohälsa och den psykiatriska vården.Resultat: I resultatet identifierades två huvudteman; ”Livet som anhörig” innefattade livet som anhörig med en påfrestande och osäker vardag, maktlöshet och otillräcklighet, etiska dilemman och skuldkänslor, stigmatisering, social isolering och anhörigas erfarenheter av att hantera sin situation. ”Att vara anhörig i den psykiatriska vården” belyste erfarenheter av att söka och få vård, vårdpersonalens attityder, vikten av att anhöriga involveras samt vilket stöd anhöriga behöver.Slutsats: Anhöriga har erfarenhet av att vardagen är utmanande och oförutsägbar. De önskar stöd och delaktighet i vården av den närstående. De hade erfarenhet av att inte involveras vilket ökade deras egen ohälsa. Sjuksköterskan bör arbeta familjefokuserat för att stödja anhöriga som även kan påverka de närståendes hälsa till det bättre. / Background: Mental illness can manifest itself in various ways and being a relative to a person with mental illness can be challenging. Relatives may need support from caregivers and be able to participate in the care. While caregivers believe that relatives can be a resource and that they also need support there are barriers to involving relatives in the care which can lead to relatives not receiving the support they need.Aim: To illuminate the experience of relatives to persons with mental illness and the relatives contact with mental health care.Method: The design is a literature review. Cinahl and PsycINFO were the databases that was used. The result is based on fifteen articles with quantitative approach which illuminated the experience of relatives to person with mental illness.Result: Two major themes emerged; “The life as a relative” describes the life as a relative with a stressful and unpredictable everyday life, ethical dilemmas and feelings of guilt, stigma, social isolation and the relatives experience to cope with their situation. “To be a relative in the mental health care” illuminates the experience of seeking and getting care, the attitudes of caregivers, the importance of the relatives’ involvement and what kind of support the relatives need.Conclusion: Relatives experiences everyday life as challenging and unpredictable. Relatives wished to get support and to be involved in the care of their close one. They didn't experience involvement in care which made their own health deteriorate. Nurses should adapt to a family-focused approach to support relatives which also would result in a better health for the patient.