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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Prospecção de proteínas e genes de isolados de Bacillus thurigiensis associados ao desenvolvimento do controle biológico de praga em canade- açúcar (Saccharum spp.)

MARTINS, Paulo Geovani Silva 11 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Natalia de Souza Gonçalves (natalia.goncalves@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-23T13:38:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Paulo Geovani Silva Martins - 2016.pdf: 11199647 bytes, checksum: e9d2a3a59d3656debcafdd36c106889f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-23T13:38:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Paulo Geovani Silva Martins - 2016.pdf: 11199647 bytes, checksum: e9d2a3a59d3656debcafdd36c106889f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / CAPES / A cultura da cana-de-açúcar possui importância econômica para o Brasil pela produção de açúcar e etanol. No entanto, parte da produção é ameaçada pelo ataque de insetos-praga, destacando-se a broca da cana-de-açúcar (Diatraea saccharalis), que causa graves perdas econômicas. O controle biológico é alternativo ao controle químico e consiste no emprego de inimigos naturais como patógenos, que regulam a população de insetos-praga em níveis nãoprejudiciais. Dentre os patógenos destaca-se a bactéria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) que produz toxinas, codificadas pelos genes cry, no formato de cristais proteicos com atividade entomotóxica para diversas ordens de insetos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o isolamento e caracterização de novas estirpes de Bt com potencial entomotóxico para controle biológico da D. saccharalis em cana-de-açúcar. Amostras de solo coletadas possibilitaram o isolamento de 97 colônias bacterianas com características fenotípicas compatíveis para Bt. O DNA extraído foi amplificado com primers para os genes cry1, cry2 e cry9, ativos contra dípteros e lepidópteros. Em 11,4% e 12,4% dos isolados foram constatados os genes cry2 e cry9, respectivamente, e 10 destes patogenicidade variando entre 3,47% a 20,05% para D.saccharalis. Após comparação dos perfis proteômicos dos isolados Bt.Pri 4.7, Bt.Pri 4.29, Bt.CDi 1.3 e Bt.CDi 1.11, de maior e menor potencial patogênico de cada classe gênica, foram identificadas proteínas como a shikimato quinase, envolvida na produção de toxinas em Bt, e que auxiliam o entendimento da patogênese deste microorganismo. / Sugarcane production has economical importance to Brazil, especially due to production of sugar and ethanol. However, a proportion of the production is lost owing to damage of pest insects, including sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis), which cause severe economical lost in the sugar/ethanol industry. Biological control, alternatively to chemical control, which cause damage to human health and environment, is based on use of natural enemies such as pathogens that regulated pest insects population to a non-prejudicial level. Among pathogens, especially bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that produce toxins, encoding by cry genes, which are protein crystal with entomotoxicity activity for diverse insect orders. The present work aims to isolate and characterize new strains of Bt with potential entomotoxicity to biological control of D. saccharalis in sugarcane. Soil samples collected allowed the isolation of 97 bacterial colonies phenotypically compatible to Bt. DNA extracted was used in PCR reaction using primers to amplify cry1, cry2 and cry9 genes, with activity against Lepidoptera and Diptera. In 11.4 and 12.4% of the strains was observed fragments with pattern expected for cry2 and cry9 genes, respectively, and ten isolated shown pathogenicity ranging from 3.47% to 15.62% for D.saccharalis. After comparing the proteomic profiles of the isolates Bt.Pri 4.7 Bt.Pri 4.29, Bt.CDi 1.3 and Bt.CDi 1.11 of major and minor pathogenic potential of every gene class proteins were identified as shikimate kinase, involved in the production of Bt toxins, and assist the understanding of the pathogenesis of this microorganism.

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