Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-09T23:24:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ChristianeSiqueiraDeAzevedoSa_DISSERT.pdf: 2601824 bytes, checksum: 192560f3b8d14a03aa0da8a4f6dc9924 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-11T22:01:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ChristianeSiqueiraDeAzevedoSa_DISSERT.pdf: 2601824 bytes, checksum: 192560f3b8d14a03aa0da8a4f6dc9924 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-11T22:01:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ChristianeSiqueiraDeAzevedoSa_DISSERT.pdf: 2601824 bytes, checksum: 192560f3b8d14a03aa0da8a4f6dc9924 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Os materiais t?xteis inteligentes e funcionais t?m sido amplamente desenvolvidos e pesquisados com a finalidade de serem utilizados em v?rias ?reas da ci?ncia e tecnologia. Esses materiais fibrosos necessitam de diferentes propriedades qu?micas e f?sicas para se tornarem materiais multifuncionais. Com o advento da nanotecnologia, as t?cnicas desenvolvidas t?m sido ferramentas essenciais para caracterizar qualitativamente esses novos materiais. Ultimamente a aplica??o de micro e nanomateriais em substratos t?xteis tem sido objeto de muitas pesquisas. Muitos desses nanomateriais n?o tem sido otimizado, e os custos para sua aplica??o e a polui??o ao meio ambiente vem aumentando, pois ainda n?o existe tratamento de efluentes contento esses nanomateriais. As fibras de soja t?m baixa adsor??o de micro e nanoc?psulas termosenss?veis devido a sua incompatibilidade de suas cargas superficiais. No presente trabalho utilizou-se a s?ntese da quitosana para previamente funcionalizar as fibras de soja. A quitosana ? um polieletr?lito natural apresentando alta densidade de cargas positivas, as fibras de soja apresentam cargas negativas bem como, as micro/nanoc?psulas, com isso a quitosana atua como agente cationizador da fibra. Neste caso a quitosana atua como agente auxiliar cationizador para fixar as microc?psulas termosenss?veis no substrato t?xtil. Para a caracteriza??o do polieletr?lito foram feitas as an?lises do tamanho das part?culas, potencial zeta, bem como as an?lises morfol?gicas (MEV e DRX), an?lises das propriedades t?rmicas (TG), an?lise da Calorimetria Explorat?ria Diferencial (DSC), an?lise por Espectroscopia na Regi?o do Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), colorimetria via espectro de UV-VIS foram simultaneamente realizadas no substrato utilizado. No potencial zeta e na determina??o do tamanho das part?culas foi observada a estabilidade eletrost?tica da quitosana em torno de 31.55mV e 291,0 nm respectivamente. O resultado obtido com (GD) para o material extra?do de camar?o foi de 70%, que de acordo com a literatura pode ser considerada como quitosana. Para otimiza??o do processo de tingimento foi usado um software estat?stico, o Design expert. A funcionaliza??o do substrato t?xtil com 2% de quitosana apresentou o melhor resultado de K/S, sendo o par?metro utilizado para o planejamento experimental juntamente com as vari?veis, tendo demonstrado a melhor resposta de tingimento na faixa de 2,624 de absorb?ncia. Verificou-se tamb?m que a malha de soja tingida com as nano/microc?psulas termosenss?veis apresentou excelente propriedade de solidez a lavagem, que foi observada ap?s 25 lavagens caseiras e valores significativos de K/S. / Intelligent and functional Textile Materials have been widely developed and researched with the purpose of being used in several areas of science and technology. These fibrous materials require different chemical and physical properties to obtain a multifunctional material. With the advent of nanotechnology, the techniques developed, being used as essential tools to characterize these new materials qualitatively. Lately the application of micro and nanomaterials in textile substrates has been the objective of many studies, but many of these nanomaterials have not been optimized for their application, which has resulted in increased costs and environmental pollution, because there is still no satisfactory effluent treatment available for these nanomaterials. Soybean fiber has low adsorption for thermosensitive micro and nanocapsules due to their incompatibility of their surface charges. For this reason, in this work initially chitosan was synthesized to functionalise soybean fibres. Chitosan is a natural polyelectrolyte with a high density of positive charges, these fibres have negative charges as well as the micro/nanoc?psules, for this reason the chitosan acts as auxiliary agent to cationize in order to fix the thermosensitive microcapsules in the textile substrate. Polyelectrolyte was characterized using particle size analyses and the measurement of zeta potential. For the morphological analysis scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and x-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and to study the thermal properties, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Near Infrared Spectroscopy analysis in the Region of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), colourimetry using UV-VIS spectrum were simultaneously performed on the substrate. From the measurement of zeta potential and in the determination of the particle size, stability of electrostatic chitosan was observed around 31.55mV and 291.0 nm respectively. The result obtained with (GD) for chitosan extracted from shrimp was 70 %, which according to the literature survey can be considered as chitosan. To optimize the dyeing process a statistical software, Design expert was used. The surface functionalisation of textile substrate with 2% chitosan showed the best result of K/S, being the parameter used for the experimental design, in which this showed the best response of dyeing absorbance in the range of 2.624. It was noted that soy knitting dyed with the thermosensitive micro andnanocapsules property showed excellent washing solidity, which was observed after 25 home washes, and significant K/S values.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElquioEO_TESE.pdf: 1649953 bytes, checksum: 1098cd34b1d3e6c9a180949d25fa8185 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-07 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / The aim of this work was to perform the extraction and characterization of xylan from corn cobs and prepare xylan-based microcapsules. For that purpose, an alkaline extraction of xylan was carried out followed by the polymer characterization regarding its technological properties, such as angle of repose, Hausner factor, density, compressibility and compactability. Also, a low-cost and rapid analytical procedure to identify xylan by means of infrared spectroscopy was studied. Xylan was characterized as a yellowish fine powder with low density and poor flow properties. After the extraction and characterization of the polymer, xylan-based microcapsules were prepared by means of interfacial crosslinking polymerization and their characterization was performed in order to obtain gastroresistant multiparticulate systems. This work involved the most suitable parameters of the preparation of microcapsules as well as the study of the process, scale-up methodology and biological analysis. Magnetic nanoparticles were used as a model system to be encapsulated by the xylan microcapsules. According to the results, xylan-based microcapsules were shown to be resistant to several conditions found along the gastrointestinal tract and they were able to avoid the early degradation of the magnetic nanoparticles / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a extra??o e caracteriza??o do pol?mero de xilana a partir de res?duos de sabugo de milho e a produ??o de microc?psulas a partir deste pol?mero. O primeiro passo foi a extra??o da xilana em meio alcalino e caracteriza??o deste pol?mero quanto as suas propriedades tecnol?gicas (?ngulo de repouso, fator de Hausner, densidade, compressibilidade e compactabilidade), bem como a elabora??o de uma procedimento r?pido e barato para a identifica??o deste pol?mero atrav?s de espectroscopia de absor??o na regi?o do infravermelho. O pol?mero de xilana foi caracterizado como sendo um p? de cor amarelada de baixa densidade e com propriedades de escoamento pouco favor?veis. Ap?s a obten??o e caracteriza??o do pol?mero, microc?psulas de xilana foram preparadas atrav?s da reticula??o polim?rica interfacial e caracterizadas a fim de se obter sistemas multiparticulados gastroresistentes. O trabalho foi delineado buscando-se os melhores fatores na t?cnica de prepara??o das microc?psulas, assim como o estudo do processo, aumento de escala e avalia??o biol?gica. Nanopart?culas magn?ticas foram utilizadas como sistema modelo a ser encapsulado pelas microc?psulas ? base de xilana. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as microc?psulas de xilana s?o resistentes ?s diversas condi??es encontradas ao longo do trato gastrintestinal e foram capazes de evitar a degrada??o pr?via das nanopart?culas magn?ticas in vitro