Thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale University, 1981. / Vol. 3, Plates, not photocopied. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, leaves 294-324).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--The University of Iowa. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 328-338).

Untold Narratives: A Refugee Experience from Laos to Richmond, California is focused on the Mien refugee experience from Laos to Richmond, California. This thesis highlights the ways Cold War politics, the Secret War, and heavy industrialization have impacted Mien communities who have been displaced from their homelands into refugee camps, and again through sponsorship into the United States. This thesis looks at political theories that discuss inequalities that exist, particularly through environmental degradation and negative health impacts that Mien refugees are experiencing in their resettlement into Richmond, California. Due to the limited scholarly articles and documented narratives that are available in regards to Mien experiences, interviews were conducted to highlight the stories and experiences of Mien refugees paired with a historical background of their journey from China, to Laos, and to Richmond. Even in the face of so much struggle and hardship, many Mien people have been resilient and been successful in building community and fighting for justice.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:42:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 863911 bytes, checksum: da28f5a9138c52a83953d8b676a03728 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / The obtaining of plants of more erect architecture is growing in importance due to the demand of the producing of irrigated areas regarding the possibility of automated crop, reduction of the problems of diseases and easiness of the cultural treatments. In general it comes if using a scale of notes to evaluate the bean plants architecture, however, that scale is visual, difficult and it depends on the appraiser's great experience. Recent works (Moura, 2011 and Silva, 2011) tell that the hypocotyl diameter is an effective indicator of the bean plant architecture and a significant association among hypocotyl diameter of F2 plants and their derived progenies would potentiate the earnings with the selection seeking improvement of the bean plant architecture in programs of appealing selection, as well as the efficiency of the phenotypic recurrent selection. Besides, in the improvement of the bean plant, to select plants to associate good productivity and erect architecture has been the preference of the breeders. The objectives of this work were to verify the association among hypocotyl diameter of F2 plants and their F2:3 progenies, and to obtain estimates of genetic parameters, seeking the choice of the best selection strategy for improvement of the load of the bean plant and to analyze the effectiveness of the genotype-ideotype distance index in the selection of bean plant families as for the load and grains productivity, appraised in different atmospheres. They were appraised 96 F2 families, their F2:3 progenies and four controls (BRSMG Majestoso, L1, BRSMG Madrepérola and A525) in random blocks, with three repetitions, as for the plants architecture, hypocotyl diameter and grains productivity in the harvests of the winter of 2010 and of the drought of 2011. It was observed that the association among F2 plants HD and characters related to the load in the F2:3 progenies were of magnitude relatively low, compared to the estimates of correlations considering the genitors, indicating great influence of the atmosphere in the determination of the hypocotyl diameter in individual plants of bean plant. There was predominance of addictive effect in the determination of this character, that presented larger precision and accuracy compared to the evaluation of the load by the note of architecture of the plants, evidencing that the hypocotyl diameter can be used as auxiliary measure in the selection of progenies in the improvement of the bean plant seeking improvement of the load of the plants, since the selection is based, in agreement with the repeatability analysis, in the average of at least 40 plants within plots. Besides, families were observed with grains productivity above the largest values presented by the parents in the two harvests, with architecture notes and hypocotyl diameter comparable to the most erect genitors. The use of the genotype-ideotype distance index was effective in the selection of families seeking improvement of the load and grains productivity, appraised in different atmospheres, with prominence for the families of the population originating from of the crossing among the bean plant lines A525 and BRSMG Majestoso. / A obtenção de plantas de arquitetura mais ereta vem crescendo em importância devido à demanda do produtor de áreas irrigadas com relação à possibilidade de colheita mecanizada, redução dos problemas de doenças e facilidade dos tratos culturais. Em geral vem se utilizando uma escala de notas para avaliar a arquitetura de plantas de feijão, porém, essa escala é visual, trabalhosa e depende de grande experiência do avaliador. Trabalhos recentes (Moura, 2011 e Silva, 2011) relatam que o diâmetro do hipocótilo é um indicador efetivo da arquitetura de plantas do feijoeiro e uma associação significativa entre o diâmetro do hipocótilo de plantas F2 e suas progênies derivadas potencializaria os ganhos com a seleção visando melhoria da arquitetura do feijoeiro em programas de seleção recorrente, bem como a eficiência da seleção recorrente fenotípica. Ademais, no melhoramento do feijoeiro, selecionar plantas que associem boa produtividade e arquitetura ereta tem sido a preferência dos melhoristas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a associação entre diâmetro do hipocótilo de plantas F2 e de suas progênies F2:3, e obter estimativas de parâmetros genéticos, visando a escolha da melhor estratégia de seleção para melhoria do porte do feijoeiro e analisar a eficácia do índice genótipo-ideótipo na seleção de famílias de feijoeiro quanto ao porte e produtividade de grãos, avaliadas em diferentes ambientes. Foram avaliadas 96 famílias F2, suas progênies F2:3 e quatro testemunhas (BRSMG Majestoso, L1, BRSMG Madrepérola e A525) em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, quanto à arquitetura de plantas, diâmetro do hipocótilo e produtividade de grãos nas safras do inverno de 2010 e da seca de 2011. Observou-se que a associação entre o DH de plantas F2 e caracteres relacionados ao porte nas progênies F2:3 foram de magnitude relativamente baixa, comparada às estimativas de correlações considerando os genitores, indicando grande influência do ambiente na determinação do diâmetro do hipocótilo em plantas individuais de feijoeiro. Houve predominância de efeito aditivo na determinação deste caráter, que apresentou maior precisão e acurácia comparada à avaliação do porte pela nota de arquitetura das plantas, evidenciando que o diâmetro do hipocótilo pode ser utilizado como medida auxiliar na seleção de progênies no melhoramento do feijoeiro visando melhoria do porte das plantas, desde que a seleção se baseie, de acordo com a análise de repetibilidade, na média de pelo menos 40 plantas na parcela. Além disso, foram observadas famílias com produtividade de grãos acima dos maiores valores apresentados pelos pais nas duas safras, com notas de arquitetura e diâmetro do hipocótilo comparáveis aos genitores mais eretos. A utilização do índice da distância genótipo-ideótipo foi eficaz na seleção de famílias visando melhoria do porte e produtividade de grãos, avaliadas em diferentes ambientes, com destaque para as famílias da população oriunda do cruzamento entre as linhagens A525 e BRSMG Majestoso.