É indiscutível a importância da disponibilidade hídrica tanto quantitativa como qualitativa para o desenvolvimento adequado de determinada região inserida em bacias hidrográficas. Tal desenvolvimento deve ser planejado e administrado visando à minimização dos conflitos ocasionados pelos usos múltiplos da água, de modo que todas as demandas possam ter o máximo de confiabilidade em seus respectivos atendimentos e, também, possa haver a maximização dos benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais na região. Diante disso, este trabalho buscou analisar o atendimento às demandas hídricas superficiais para os diversos setores usuários localizados na área de drenagem do reservatório da usina Bariri (SP). Por meio da aplicação do simulador hidrológico MIKE BASIN foi analisado o desempenho do reservatório da usina Bariri em atender às demandas hídricas superficiais para o ano de 2008 e para cenários futuros com anos horizontes de 2010, 2025 e 2050. A partir deste estudo concluiu-se que há volume de água suficiente para atender às demandas hídricas superficiais na região de estudo e também para atender a produção energética na usina Bariri. O software Mike Basin mostrou-se ser uma ferramenta muito útil para a gestão dos recursos hídricos. / It is clear the importance of water availability both qualitative and quantitative for the development of a region inserted into a catchment area. This development must be planned and managed to the minimization of conflicts caused by multiple uses of water so that all demands have the maximum reliability in their care and also may be the maximization of social, economic and environmental in the region. Thus, this study, analyzed the surface water and its demands for different sectors users located in the drainage of the reservoir of the Bariri (SP) power plant. Through the application of hydrological simulation MIKE BASIN was examined system performance in meeting the demands for water current conditions (year 2008) and for future scenarios with years to 2010, 2025 and 2050. From this study, it is concluded that volume of water needed to meet the demands water surface in the region of study and energy production reached its goal in every period simulated.

É indiscutível a importância da disponibilidade hídrica tanto quantitativa como qualitativa para o desenvolvimento adequado de determinada região inserida em bacias hidrográficas. Tal desenvolvimento deve ser planejado e administrado visando à minimização dos conflitos ocasionados pelos usos múltiplos da água, de modo que todas as demandas possam ter o máximo de confiabilidade em seus respectivos atendimentos e, também, possa haver a maximização dos benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais na região. Diante disso, este trabalho buscou analisar o atendimento às demandas hídricas superficiais para os diversos setores usuários localizados na área de drenagem do reservatório da usina Bariri (SP). Por meio da aplicação do simulador hidrológico MIKE BASIN foi analisado o desempenho do reservatório da usina Bariri em atender às demandas hídricas superficiais para o ano de 2008 e para cenários futuros com anos horizontes de 2010, 2025 e 2050. A partir deste estudo concluiu-se que há volume de água suficiente para atender às demandas hídricas superficiais na região de estudo e também para atender a produção energética na usina Bariri. O software Mike Basin mostrou-se ser uma ferramenta muito útil para a gestão dos recursos hídricos. / It is clear the importance of water availability both qualitative and quantitative for the development of a region inserted into a catchment area. This development must be planned and managed to the minimization of conflicts caused by multiple uses of water so that all demands have the maximum reliability in their care and also may be the maximization of social, economic and environmental in the region. Thus, this study, analyzed the surface water and its demands for different sectors users located in the drainage of the reservoir of the Bariri (SP) power plant. Through the application of hydrological simulation MIKE BASIN was examined system performance in meeting the demands for water current conditions (year 2008) and for future scenarios with years to 2010, 2025 and 2050. From this study, it is concluded that volume of water needed to meet the demands water surface in the region of study and energy production reached its goal in every period simulated.

Esta pesquisa apresenta um sistema de suporte a decisão (SSD) para o planejamento e gerenciamento integrado de bacias hidrográficas, denominado Riverhelp!, e também sugere nova metodologia para o uso desse tipo de ferramenta de análise. O objetivo geral é desenvolver um SSD que possa auxiliar a gestão de recursos hídricos. Para isso o SSD utiliza e integra tecnologias avançadas em um só sistema computacional flexível e que pode ser utilizado e entendido por especialistas e outros participantes do processo decisório. O programa é composto por quatro módulos principais e tem código aberto baseado na tecnologia OpenMI o que permite aos usuários alterar e incluir funções. Outra propriedade que merece destaque é sua completa integração com um sistema de informações geográficas permitindo a análise temporal e espacial da bacia hidrográfica. Essa ferramenta pode, por exemplo, ser usada para análises de disponibilidade de água em quantidade e qualidade, para o estudo de ecossistemas, para a otimização e operação de reservatórios e para auxiliar no processo de outorga de direito de uso da água. Uma aplicação do Riverhelp! para as bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí ilustra as diversas possibilidades de uso do sistema. Os resultados dessa investigação reforçam a importância e a necessidade de uma nova geração de SSD que considerem e analisem de maneira integrada os complexos assuntos relacionados à gestão da bacia hidrográfica. O desenvolvimento do Riverhelp! contribui significativamente para o avanço das pesquisas relacionadas ao tema de planejamento e gerenciamento integrado de recursos hídricos fornecendo um SSD com características únicas, que associa ferramentas para avaliação ambiental, modelos de simulação e otimização de qualidade e quantidade de água superficial e subterrânea, sistema de informações geográficas, diferentes bancos de dados, funções para análises estatísticas e técnicas multiobjetivo para análise de cenários. / This research presents a decision support system (DSS) for integrated water resources planning and management (IWRM) named Riverhelp! and suggests new methodology for the use of this kind of analysis tool as well. The general goal is to develop an appropriate DSS that can help IWRM process. In order to do so, the DSS uses and combines advanced technologies and techniques currently available. It integrates different methodologies in just one computational system, which is flexible and can be used and understood not only by specialists but also by general users who are not familiar with modelling. The DSS Riverhelp! has four main building blocks and an open computational core based on the OpenMI technology which allows users to access it programmatically and to add new tools or to change computations in almost any way they want. Another important characteristic is that the DSS Riverhelp! is fully integrated with a geographic information system (GIS). Most of all, it puts time and spatial information together and is therefore a great package for data management of river basins. This system can be used for hydrological analyses, assessment of water availability, water resources planning, water quality and quantity studies, reservoir systems nonlinear optimization and so on. In this research a Riverhelp! application for the Piraciaba, Capivari and Jundiaí river basins shows several possibilities for its use. The results of this study emphasize the importance and necessity of a new generation of decision support systems that are able to analyze and take into account the complex issues associated to river basin management in an integrated approach. The Riverhelp! development makes significant contributions for research advance in the integrated water resources planning and management field providing a DDS with unique characteristics that combines environmental assessment tools, water quality and quantity simulation and optimization models for surface water and groundwater, geographic information system, sophisticated databases, statistical tools and multicriteria techniques for scenario analyses.

Esta pesquisa apresenta um sistema de suporte a decisão (SSD) para o planejamento e gerenciamento integrado de bacias hidrográficas, denominado Riverhelp!, e também sugere nova metodologia para o uso desse tipo de ferramenta de análise. O objetivo geral é desenvolver um SSD que possa auxiliar a gestão de recursos hídricos. Para isso o SSD utiliza e integra tecnologias avançadas em um só sistema computacional flexível e que pode ser utilizado e entendido por especialistas e outros participantes do processo decisório. O programa é composto por quatro módulos principais e tem código aberto baseado na tecnologia OpenMI o que permite aos usuários alterar e incluir funções. Outra propriedade que merece destaque é sua completa integração com um sistema de informações geográficas permitindo a análise temporal e espacial da bacia hidrográfica. Essa ferramenta pode, por exemplo, ser usada para análises de disponibilidade de água em quantidade e qualidade, para o estudo de ecossistemas, para a otimização e operação de reservatórios e para auxiliar no processo de outorga de direito de uso da água. Uma aplicação do Riverhelp! para as bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí ilustra as diversas possibilidades de uso do sistema. Os resultados dessa investigação reforçam a importância e a necessidade de uma nova geração de SSD que considerem e analisem de maneira integrada os complexos assuntos relacionados à gestão da bacia hidrográfica. O desenvolvimento do Riverhelp! contribui significativamente para o avanço das pesquisas relacionadas ao tema de planejamento e gerenciamento integrado de recursos hídricos fornecendo um SSD com características únicas, que associa ferramentas para avaliação ambiental, modelos de simulação e otimização de qualidade e quantidade de água superficial e subterrânea, sistema de informações geográficas, diferentes bancos de dados, funções para análises estatísticas e técnicas multiobjetivo para análise de cenários. / This research presents a decision support system (DSS) for integrated water resources planning and management (IWRM) named Riverhelp! and suggests new methodology for the use of this kind of analysis tool as well. The general goal is to develop an appropriate DSS that can help IWRM process. In order to do so, the DSS uses and combines advanced technologies and techniques currently available. It integrates different methodologies in just one computational system, which is flexible and can be used and understood not only by specialists but also by general users who are not familiar with modelling. The DSS Riverhelp! has four main building blocks and an open computational core based on the OpenMI technology which allows users to access it programmatically and to add new tools or to change computations in almost any way they want. Another important characteristic is that the DSS Riverhelp! is fully integrated with a geographic information system (GIS). Most of all, it puts time and spatial information together and is therefore a great package for data management of river basins. This system can be used for hydrological analyses, assessment of water availability, water resources planning, water quality and quantity studies, reservoir systems nonlinear optimization and so on. In this research a Riverhelp! application for the Piraciaba, Capivari and Jundiaí river basins shows several possibilities for its use. The results of this study emphasize the importance and necessity of a new generation of decision support systems that are able to analyze and take into account the complex issues associated to river basin management in an integrated approach. The Riverhelp! development makes significant contributions for research advance in the integrated water resources planning and management field providing a DDS with unique characteristics that combines environmental assessment tools, water quality and quantity simulation and optimization models for surface water and groundwater, geographic information system, sophisticated databases, statistical tools and multicriteria techniques for scenario analyses.

The main goal of the thesis is to create an accurate model of the current state of water quality modelling in the river basin. The basin of the Olšava River, as found in the bachelor thesis "Analysis of Water Quality in the Basin", is polluted with large concentrations of total phosphorus PTot. The master thesis analyses sources of nutrients in the basin that is mainly listed in the vulnerable areas indentified under the Nitrates Directive 91/676/EEC, on the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources. For the water resources management and environmental policy is crucial to recognize distribution of pollution sources throughout main categories. The thesis is concerned with the seasonal variability of the average mass concentrations along the river channel. Broadly used mathematical modelling software of water quality is discussed in the sense of reliability, availability and user interface. Last but not least is a suggestion of two improvements of the water quality based on the MIKE Basin modelling software. The main aim of these proposals is to be realistic in the economical and environmental sense. Proposals consider both in point and non-point sources. Key words: Mathematical modelling, MIKE Basin, Water Quality, Water Quality models, Hydrology, Olšava

Thesis (M. Tech. - (Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology))--Vaal University of Technology, 2010. / During the last few years, concern has been growing among many stakeholders all over the world about declining levels of surface water bodies accompanied by reduced water availability predominantly due to ever increasing demand and misuse. Furthermore, overexploitation of environmental resources and haphazard dumping of waste has made the little water remaining to be so contaminated that a dedicated rehabilitation/remediation of the environment is the only proactive way forward. River Rwizi Catchment is an environment in the focus of this statement. The overall objective of this research was to plan, restore and rationally allocate the water resources in any river basin with similar attributes to the study area. In this research, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) methodology was applied through Watershed/Basin Simulation Models for general river basins. The model chosen and used after subjection to several criteria was DHI Model, MIKE BASIN 2009 Version. It was then appropriately developed through calibration on data from the study catchment, input data formatting and its adaptation to the catchment characteristics. The methodology involved using spatio-temporal demographic and hydrometeorological data. It was established that the model can be used to predict the impact of projects on the already existing enviro-hydrological system while assigning priority to water users and usage as would be deemed necessary, which is a significant procedure in IWRM-based environmental rehabilitation/remediation. The setback was that the available records from the various offices visited had a lot of data gaps that would affect the degree of accuracy of the output. These gaps were appropriately infilled and gave an overall output that was adequate for inferences made therefrom. Several scenarios tested included; use and abstraction for the present river situation, the effect of wet/dry seasons on the resultant water available for use, and proposed projects being constructed on and along the river. Results indicated that the river had insufficient flow to sustain both the current and proposed water users. It was concluded that irrespective of over exploitation, lack of adequate rainfall was not a reason for the low discharge but rather the loss of rainwater as evaporation, storage in swamps/wetlands, and a considerable amount of water recharging groundwater aquifers. Thus, the proposed remedy is to increase the exploitation of the groundwater resource in the area and reduce the number of direct river water users, improve farming methods and conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water - the latter as a dam on River Rwizi. The advantage of the dam is that the water usage can be controlled as necessary in contrast to unregulated direct abstraction, thus reducing the risk of subsequent over-exploitation. / Vaal University of Technology