Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:47:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EbertonSM_DISSERT.pdf: 4801479 bytes, checksum: 4ff5d2fe556a6d3554decf638f20261c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-02 / Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD) is a technique that complements the Object- Oriented Software Development (OOSD) modularizing several concepts that OOSD approaches do not modularize appropriately. However, the current state-of-the art on AOSD suffers with software evolution, mainly because aspect definition can stop to work correctly when base elements evolve. A promising approach to deal with that problem is the definition of model-based pointcuts, where pointcuts are defined based on a conceptual model. That strategy makes pointcut less prone to software evolution than model-base elements. Based on that strategy, this work defines a conceptual model at high abstraction level where we can specify software patterns and architectures that through Model Driven Development techniques they can be instantiated and composed in architecture description language that allows aspect modeling at architecture level. Our MDD approach allows propagate concepts in architecture level to another abstraction levels (design level, for example) through MDA transformation rules. Also, this work shows a plug-in implemented to Eclipse platform called AOADLwithCM. That plug-in was created to support our development process. The AOADLwithCM plug-in was used to describe a case study based on MobileMedia System. MobileMedia case study shows step-by-step how the Conceptual Model approach could minimize Pointcut Fragile Problems, due to software evolution. MobileMedia case study was used as input to analyses evolutions on software according to software metrics proposed by KHATCHADOURIAN, GREENWOOD and RASHID. Also, we analyze how evolution in base model could affect maintenance on aspectual model with and without Conceptual Model approaches / O Desenvolvimento de Software Orientado a Aspectos (DSOA) ? uma t?cnica que complementa o Desenvolvimento de Software Orientado a Objetos (DSOO) modularizando diversos conceitos que as abordagens para suporte ao DSOO n?o conseguiam modularizar adequadamente. No entanto, o estado da arte atual do DSOA sofre com a evolu??o de software, principalmente porque as defini??es de aspectos podem deixar de funcionar corretamente quando elementos do Modelo Base evoluem. Uma abordagem promissora para tratar este problema ? a defini??o de pontos de corte (pointcuts) baseados em modelos (model based-pointcuts), onde pontos de corte s?o definidos em termos de elementos de um Modelo Conceitual que s?o menos suscept?veis a evolu??o que elementos do Modelo Base. Com base nessa estrat?gia, este trabalho define um Modelo Conceitual em um alto n?vel de abstra??o onde se podem definir padr?es de software e de arquiteturas que atrav?s de t?cnicas de Desenvolvimento Dirigido a Modelos (Model Driven Development -MDD) podem ser instanciados e compostos em linguagens de descri??o arquitetural que suportem a modelagem de aspectos em n?vel de arquitetura. A abordagem MDD empregada permite ainda a propaga??o de conceitos descritos no Modelo Conceitual para outros n?veis de abstra??es como o de projeto com o uso de regras de transforma??o MDA (Model Driven Architecture). Este trabalho tamb?m mostra o plug-in para a plataforma Eclipse chamado de AOADLwithCM que foi implementado para dar suporte ao processo de desenvolvimento abordado. Esse plug-in foi utilizado para implementar um estudo de caso baseado no Sistema MobileMedia. Tal estudo de caso ilustra passo-a-passo a t?cnica que utiliza um Modelo Conceitual no DSOA para minimizar problemas de evolu??o (mais especificamente a Fragilidade de Pontos de Corte). O MobileMedia tamb?m foi usado como fonte para an?lise da abordagem sob m?tricas de software propostas por KHATCHADOURIAN, GREENWOOD e RASHID, e sob a perspectiva de manutenabilidade de software com e sem o Modelo Conceitual

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LidianeOSS_DISSERT.pdf: 4948473 bytes, checksum: f3f2d84880d3d969d6a1a9ec6252b0ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The approach Software Product Line (SPL) has become very promising these days, since it allows the production of customized systems on large scale through product families. For the modeling of these families the Features Model is being widely used, however, it is a model that has low level of detail and not may be sufficient to guide the development team of LPS. Thus, it is recommended add the Features Model to other models representing the system from other perspectives. The goals model PL-AOVgraph can assume this role complementary to the Features Model, since it has a to context oriented language of LPS's, which allows the requirements modeling in detail and identification of crosscutting concerns that may arise as result of variability. In order to insert PL-AOVgraph in development of LPS's, this paper proposes a bi-directional mapping between PL-AOVgraph and Features Model, which will be automated by tool ReqSys-MDD. This tool uses the approach of Model-Driven Development (MDD), which allows the construction of systems from high level models through successive transformations. This enables the integration of ReqSys-MDD with other tools MDD that use their output models as input to other transformations. So it is possible keep consistency among the models involved, avoiding loss of informations on transitions between stages of development / A abordagem de Linha de Produto de Software (LPS) tem se tornado bastante promissora nos dias de hoje, uma vez que permite a produ??o de sistemas customizados em larga escala, atrav?s de fam?lias de produtos. Para a modelagem destas fam?lias o Modelo de Features tem sido muito utilizado, no entanto, se trata de um modelo que apresenta baixo n?vel de detalhamento, podendo n?o ser suficiente para orientar a equipe de desenvolvimento da LPS. Dessa forma, ? recomend?vel agregar o Modelo de Features a outros modelos que representem o sistema sob outras perspectivas. O Modelo de Metas PL-AOVgraph pode assumir esta fun??o complementar ao Modelo de Features, uma vez que possui uma linguagem voltada para o contexto das LPS s, que permite a modelagem de requisitos de forma detalhada e a identifica??o de caracter?sticas transversais, que podem surgir em decorr?ncia da variabilidade. Com o objetivo de inserir PL-AOVgraph no processo de desenvolvimento das LPS s, este trabalho prop?e um mapeamento bi-direcional entre PLAOVgraph e Modelo de Features, que ser? automatizado pela ferramenta ReqSys-MDD. Esta ferramenta utiliza a abordagem de Desenvolvimento Orientado a Modelos (Model-Driven Development MDD), que permite a constru??o de sistemas a partir de modelos de alto n?vel, atrav?s de transforma??es sucessivas. Isto possibilita a integra??o de ReqSys-MDD com outras ferramentas MDD que utilizem seus modelos de sa?da como entrada para outras transforma??es. Assim, ? poss?vel manter a consist?ncia entre os modelos envolvidos, evitando a perda de informa??es nas transi??es entre as etapas de desenvolvimento

Le Système-de-Systèmes (SdS) devient l'un des principaux paradigmes pour l'ingénieriedes solutions de la prochaine génération, telles que les villes intelligentes, les bâtiments intelligents,les systèmes médicaux, les systèmes d'interventions d'urgence et les systèmes de défense. Parconséquent, l'intérêt apporté aux SdS, leur architecture et surtout leur sécurité est en croissancecontinue. Cependant, les caractéristiques de différenciation des SdS, telles que le comportementémergent et l'indépendance managériale et opérationnelle de ses constituants, peuvent introduiredes problèmes spécifiques qui rendent leurs modélisation, simulation et analyse de sécurité un déficritique. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions comment les approches du génie logiciel peuvent êtreétendues pour modéliser et analyser les architectures sécurisées de SdS, afin de découvrir lesattaques à fort impact (attaques en cascade) tôt à la phase d'architecture. Pour atteindre notreobjectif, nous proposons une méthode d'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (IDM), nommée Systems-of-Systems Security (SoSSec), qui comprend: (1) un langage de modélisation (SoSSecML) pour lamodélisation des architectures sécurisées des SdS, et une extension des Systèmes Multi-Agents(SMA) pour l'analyse des architectures sécurisées des SdS; (2) les outils correspondants: un éditeurgraphique, un générateur de code, une extension de la plate-forme Java Agent Development (JADE)pour la simulation des SMA, un outil personnalisé pour l'enregistrement des résultats de simulation;et (3) un processus pour guider l'utilisation de la méthode SoSSec. Pour illustrer notre approche,nous avons réalisé un cas d'étude sur un bâtiment intelligent réel, le bâtiment de l'école de santé del'Université d'Adélaïde (AHMS). / Systems-of-Systems (SoS) is becoming one of the major paradigm forengineering next generation solutions such as smart cities, smart buildings, health-care, emergencyresponse and defense. Therefore, there is a growing interest in SoS, their architecture and speciallytheir security. However, SoS differentiating characteristics, such as emergent behavior andmanagerial and operational independence of its constituents, may introduce specific issues thatmake their security modeling, simulation and analysis a critical challenge. In this thesis we investigatehow Software Engineering approaches can be extended to model and analyze secure SoS solutionsfor discovering high impact attacks (cascading attacks) at the architecture stage. In order to achieveour objective, we propose a Model Driven Engineering method, Systems-of-Systems Security(SoSSec), that comprises: (1) a modeling description language (SoSSecML) for secure SoS modelingand an extension of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for secure SoS architecture analysis, (2) thecorresponding tools: a graphical editor, a code generator, an extension of the Java AgentDevelopment (JADE) MAS simulation framework, a custom logging tool, (3) an utilization process toguide the use of the SoSSec method. To illustrate our approach we conducted a case study on a reallifesmart building SoS, the Adelaide University Health and Medical School (AHMS).

La complexité croissante du matériel et du logiciel dans le développement des applications pour les systèmes embarqués induit de nouveaux besoins et de nouvelles contraintes en termes de fonctionnalités, de capacité de stockage, de calcul et de consommation d'énergie. Cela entraîne des difficultés accrues pour les concepteurs alors que les contraintes commerciales liées aux développement et à la production de ces systèmes demeurent impondérables. Un autre défi qui s'ajoute à cette complexité est le développement des applications avec de fortes exigences de sécurité et de fiabilité (S&D) pour des systèmes embarqués contraints en ressources (RCES). De ce fait, nous recommandons d'aborder cette complexité via la réutilisation d'un ensemble d'artefacts de modélisation dédiés. Le "patron" constitue l'artefact de base pour représenter des solutions S&D, à spécifier par les experts de ces aspects et à réutiliser par les ingénieurs pour résoudre les problèmes de l'ingénierie système/logicielle du domaine confrontée à ces aspects. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons une approche d'ingénierie à base de modèles pour la spécification, le packaging et la réutilisation de ces artefacts pour modéliser et analyser ces systèmes. Le fondement de notre approche est un ensemble de langages de modélisation et des règles de transformation couplés à un référentiel orienté modèles et de moteurs de recherche et d'instantiation. Ces langages de modélisation permettent de spécifier les patrons, les systèmes de patrons et un ensemble de modèles de propriétés et de ressources. Ces modèles permettent de gouverner l'utilisation des patrons, leur organisation et leur analyse pour d'éventuel réutilisation. Pour les transformations, nous avons conçu un ensemble de règles pour l'analyse de la satisfiabilité des architectures logicielles à base de patrons S&D pour des plateformes matérielles à base de modèles de ressources. Pour le développement du référentiel, nous proposons un processus de spécification et de génération basé sur les langages de modélisation décrits au préalable. Les moteurs permettent de retrouver pour ensuite instantier ces artefacts vers des environnements de développement spécifiques.Dans le cadre de l'assistance pour le développement des applications S&D pour les RCES, nous avons implémenté une suite d'outils, basés sur Eclipse EMF/QVTO, pour supporter la spécification de ces artefacts et l'analyse des applications S&D autour d'un référentiel. Afin de faciliter l'utilisation de l'approche proposée, nous préconisons un ensemble de méthodes pour favoriser l'utilisation de cette suite d'outils tout au long du processus de développement. En outre, nous avons abordé la construction par génération automatique de référentiels orientés modèles, basée sur Eclipse EMF/QVTO et la plateforme Eclispe CDO, accompagné d'un ensemble d'outils pour le peuplement, l'accès et la gestion de ce référentiel. Les problèmes étudiés dans ce travail ont été identifiés dans le contexte du projet européen FP7 TERESA. Les solutions proposées ont ainsi été démontrées et évaluées dans le cadre de ce projet à travers un cas d'étude d'une application de contrôle, exhibant des exigences de fiabilité et de sécurité, pour les systèmes ferroviaires. / Non-functional requirements such as Security and Dependability (S&D) become more and more important as well as more and more difficult to achieve, particularly in embedded systems development. Such systems come with a large number of common characteristics, including real-time and temperature constraints, security and dependability as well as efficiency requirements. In particular, the development of Resource Constrained Embedded Systems (RCES) has to address constraints regarding memory, computational processing power and/or energy consumption. In this work, we propose a modeling environment which associates model-driven paradigm and a model-based repository, to support the design and the packaging of S&D patterns, resource models and their property models. The approach is based on a set of modeling languages coupled with a model-repository, search and instantiation engines towards specific development environments. These modeling languages allow to specify patterns, resources and a set of property models. These property models will allow to govern the use of patterns and their analysis for reuse. In addition, we propose a specification and generation process of repositories. As part of the assistance for the development of S&D applications, we have implemented a suite of tool-chain based on the Eclipse platform to support the different activities around the repository, including the analysis activities. The proposed solutions were evaluated in the TERESA project through a case study from the railway domain.

L'ingénierie des systèmes embarqués repose sur deux activités complémentaires : la modélisation d'une part permet dereprésenter le système, l'analyse d’autre part permet d'évaluer les diverses propriétés non-fonctionnelles (par exemple despropriétés temporelles via l'analyse d’ordonnancement temps réel). Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'intégration entre ces modèleset analyses: comment appliquer une analyse sur une modèle ? Comment gérer le processus d’analyse ? La première partie de cette thèse présente une approche globale afin de répondre à ces questions. Cette approche s'organise autour de quatre couches applicatives: (1) les modèles qui représentent le système, (2) les accesseurs qui permettent d'extraire des données à partir d'un modèle, (3) l'analyse qui traite des données en entrée pour produire des données ou propriétés en sortie, (4) des contrats qui décrivent les interfaces d'une analyse et permettent d'orchestrer le processus d'analyse. La seconde partie de cette thèse est dédiée à l'expérimentation de cette approche sur des systèmes réels provenant du domaine aérospatial : un drone, un robot explorateur et un système de gestion de vol. Nous montrons que les accesseurs permettent d’appliquer diverses analyses d’ordonnancement temps réel sur des modèles architecturaux hétérogènes, par exemples décrits avec le standard industriel AADL (Architecture Analysis and Design Language) ou le nouveau langage dirigé par le temps CPAL (Cyber-Physical Action Language). En outre, nous montrons que les contrats peuvent être utilisés afin d’automatiser des procédures d'analyse complexes : quelle analyse peut être appliquée sur unmodèle ? Quelles analyses remplissent les objectifs visés ? Peut-on combiner des analyses ? Y-a-t-il des interférences entreles analyses ? Etc. / The engineering of embedded systems relies on two complementary activities: modeling on the one hand enables torepresent the system, analysis on the other hand makes it possible to evaluate the various non-functional properties (forexample, temporal properties with the real-time scheduling analysis). This thesis deals with the integration between thesemodels and analyses: how to apply an analysis on a model? How to manage the analysis process? The first part of this thesis presents a comprehensive approach to answer these questions. This approach is based on four application layers: (1) models to represent the system, (2) accessors to extract data from a model, (3) analyses to computeoutput data and/or properties from input data (4) contracts to represent the analysis interfaces and orchestrate the analysisprocess. The second part of this thesis deals with the experimentation of this approach with concrete systems coming fromthe aerospace: a drone, an exploratory robot and a flight management system. We demonstrate that the accessors enable toapply various real-time scheduling analyses on heterogeneous architectural models, for example written with the industrystandard AADL (Architecture Analysis and Design Language) or the new time-triggered language CPAL (Cyber-PhysicalAction Language). In addition, contracts make it possible to automate complex analysis procedures: which analysis can beapplied on a given model? Which are the analyses that meet a given goal? Are there analyses to be combined? Are thereinterferences between analyses? Etc.

L'essor de l'Internet et l'évolution des dispositifs communicants ont permis l'intégration du monde informatique et du monde réel, ouvrant ainsi la voie à de nouveaux types d'applications, tels que les applications ubiquitaires et pervasives. Ces applications doivent s'exécuter dans des contextes hétérogènes, distribués et ouverts qui sont en constante évolution. Dans de tels contextes, la disponibilité des services et des dispositifs, les préférences et la localisation des utilisateurs peuvent varier à tout moment pendant l'exécution des applications. La variabilité des contextes d'exécution fait que l'exécution d'une application dépend, par exemple, des services disponibles ou des dispositifs accessibles à l'exécution. En conséquence, l'architecture d'une telle application ne peut pas être connue statiquement à la conception, au développement ou au déploiement, ce qui impose de redéfinir ce qu'est une application dynamique : comment la concevoir, la développer, l'exécuter et la gérer à l'exécution. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une approche dirigée par les modèles pour la conception, le développement et l'exécution d'applications dynamiques. Pour cela, nous avons défini un modèle de composants à services permettant d'introduire des propriétés de dynamisme au sein d'un modèle de composants. Ce modèle permet de définir une application en intention, via un ensemble de propriétés, de contraintes et de préférences de composition. Une application est ainsi spécifiée de façon abstraite ce qui permet de contrôler la composition graduelle de l'application lors de son développement et de son exécution. Notre approche vise à effacer la frontière entre les activités effectuées avant et pendant l'exécution des applications. Pour ce faire, le même modèle et les mêmes mécanismes de composition sont utilisés de la conception jusqu'à l'exécution des applications. A l'exécution, le processus de composition considère, en plus, les services disponibles dans la plate-forme d'exécution permettant la composition opportuniste des applications ; ainsi que la variabilité du contexte d'exécution permettant l'adaptation dynamique des compositions. Nous avons mis en œuvre notre approche via un prototype nommé COMPASS, qui s'appuie sur les plates-formes CADSE pour la réalisation d'environnements logiciels de conception et de développement, et APAM pour la réalisation d'un environnement d'exécution d'applications à services dynamiques. / The growth of the Internet and the evolution of communicating devices have allow the integration of the computer world and the real world, paving the way for developing new types of applications such as pervasive and ubiquitous ones. These applications must run in heterogeneous, distributed and open environments that evolve constantly. In such environments, the availability of services and devices, the preferences and location of users may change at any time during the execution of applications. The variability of the execution context makes the execution of an application dependent on the available services and devices. Building applications capable of evolving dynamically to their execution context is a challenging task. In fact, the architecture of such an application cannot be fully known nor statically specified at design, development or deployment times. It is then needed to redefine the concept of dynamic application in order to cover the design, development, execution and management phases, and to enable thus the dynamic construction and evolution of applications. In this dissertation, we propose a model-driven approach for the design, development and execution of dynamic applications. We defined a component service model that considers dynamic properties within a component model. This model allows defining an application by its intention (its goal) through a set of composition properties, constraints and preferences. An application is thus specified in an abstract way, which allows controlling its gradual composition during development and execution times. Our approach aims to blur the boundary between development-time and runtime. Thus, the same model and the same composition mechanisms are used from design to runtime. At runtime, the composition process considers also the services available in the execution platform in order to compose applications opportunistically; and the variability of the execution context in order to adapt compositions dynamically. We implemented our approach through a prototype named COMPASS, which relies on the CADSE platform for building software design and development environments, and on the APAM platform for building an execution environment for dynamic service-based applications.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:05:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3699.pdf: 5614349 bytes, checksum: 36810f782b315ac66a62c5dcded4dd1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-26 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This dissertation presents an approach for the development of mobile applications emphasizing software reuse based on domain-specific modeling and Service Oriented Architecture. The approach is divided into two stages: Domain Engineering (DE) and Application Engineering (AE). In DE, a metamodel, services and Transformations for Model-To-Code are constructed. The metamodel expresses the abstract syntax of Domain-Specific Languages (DSL) for a given problem domain and services - known as the Domain Services - meet common requirements of different applications of the problem domain for which the metamodel has been built, and Transformations for Model- To-Code to reduce the development effort since most of the coding tasks can be encapsulated in the transformations. In EA, applications are built by instantiating the metamodel in order to support the modeling and by reusing Domain Services. In addition, the transformations, built in ED, are applied to the models in order to generate most of the application code. The reuse of the artifacts built in ED provides a productivity gain in the development of applications of the problem domain considered. For evaluation purposes, the proposed approach has been instantiated in the HealthCare Domain. An experimentation of this approach, following the experimental methodology, has been conducted in order to evaluate its impact on the efficiency of teams that develop applications for Healthcare Domain. The results showed that the use of the proposed approach has contributed to the reduction of time in developing mobile applications. / Essa dissertação apresenta uma abordagem para o Desenvolvimento de Aplicações Móveis que enfatiza o Reúso de Software com base na Modelagem Específica de Domínio e na Arquitetura Orientada a Serviços. A abordagem é dividida em duas etapas: Engenharia de Domínio (ED) e Engenharia da Aplicação (EA). Na ED são construídos: um metamodelo, que expressa a sintaxe abstrata de uma Linguagem Específica de Domínio de um dado domínio do problema; serviços denominados Serviços do Domínio que atendem aos requisitos comuns de diferentes aplicações do domínio do problema para o qual o metamodelo foi construído; e Transformações Modelo-para- Código para reduzir o esforço de desenvolvimento, uma vez que grande parte das tarefas de codificação pode ser encapsulada nas transformações. Na EA são construídas aplicações instanciando-se o metamodelo para apoio à modelagem, bem como reutilizando os Serviços do Domínio. Além disso, as Transformações, construídas na ED, são aplicadas sobre os modelos para gerar grande parte do código das aplicações. O reúso dos artefatos construídos na ED proporciona um ganho de produtividade no desenvolvimento das aplicações do domínio do problema considerado. Para fins de avaliação, a abordagem proposta foi instanciada no domínio de Cuidado de Saúde (Healthcare). Uma experimentação da abordagem, seguindo a metodologia experimental, foi conduzida com o intuito de avaliar seu impacto na eficiência de equipes desenvolvendo aplicações para esse domínio. Os resultados evidenciaram que o uso da abordagem proposta colaborou para a redução de tempo no desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:05:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3769.pdf: 7885518 bytes, checksum: 7723f0868651af930744610d4adb9ccb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-30 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Embedded systems have been used in a myriad of devices that are present in our daily lives, thereby the market for such sort of system has increased significantly over the last few years. These systems were once associated with low-level code, however, this is an outdated view of embedded systems technology. Although the current embedded systems are mostly composed of software, no systematic reuse technique is used in throughout their development. Thus, since previous successful experiences are not reused, forcing the developer to create some of the involved elements from the scratch, there is a considerable delay in the production of these systems. Due to the ever increasing complexity of embedded systems it is necessary to apply reuse techniques in order to lessen the effort needed to develop such systems. Within this context, software product lines (SPL) are reuse techniques that allow the creation of several systems belonging to a certain domain. SPL can be used to generate products of a specific domain that share common features but are each different in a specific way. Model-driven development is another reuse technique whose main objective is to reduce the semantic distance between the domain problem and its solution/implementation; thus, the developer does not need to direct interact with the solution source code, being able to focus on models and transforming those models in source code or yet other models. Based on these techniques, a process for the development of SPL in the domain of mobile robots was developed. In order to properly use the proposed process, a SPL called LegoMobileRobots Software Product Line (LMRSPL) was devised. Moreover, a domain specific language (DSL) was also developed. This DSL, called F2MoC, assists the application engineer in instantiating LMRSPL members. / Sistemas embarcados são utilizados em vários dispositivos que fazem parte da vida cotidiana, de modo que o mercado de tais sistemas tem crescido de maneira expressiva. Esses sistemas sempre foram associados com código de baixo nível, no entanto, essa visão está desatualizada. Nas aplicações embarcadas correntes o software é a principal parcela, embora nenhuma técnica sistemática de reuso seja utilizada para sua concepção. Desse modo ocorre um atraso considerável na produtividade dos sistemas, uma vez que experiências anteriores bem sucedidas não são reaproveitadas, sendo necessário que o desenvolvedor comece do zero toda vez que um software for desenvolvido. Com a crescente complexidade dos sistemas embarcados é necessário utilizar técnicas de reuso para diminuir o atrasado da produção de tais sistemas. Nesse contexto, Linha de Produtos de Software (LPS) é definida como uma técnica de reuso que permite a construção de vários sistemas pertencentes a um mesmo domínio. LPS é aplicável para a geração de produtos específicos de um domínio, mas que possuem um conjunto de características comuns e pontos de variabilidades bem definidos. O Desenvolvimento de Software Orientado a Modelos (do inglês Model-Driven Development - MDD) é outra técnica de reuso na qual tem como principal objetivo reduzir a distância semântica entre o problema do domínio e solução/implementação, fazendo com que o engenheiro não precise interagir diretamente como o código-fonte, podendo se concentrar em modelos que possuem maiores níveis de abstração e posteriormente realizar transformações Model-To-Code e/ou Model-To-Model. A partir dessas técnicas de reuso é introduzido um processo para o desenvolvimento de linhas de produtos de software no domínio de Robôs Moveis. A fim de utilizar o processo proposto foi desenvolvida uma LPS intitulada LegoRobosMoveis Linha de Produtos de Software (LRMLPS). Adicionalmente, foi desenvolvida uma linguagem especifica de domínio denominada F2MoC que auxilia o engenheiro de aplicação na instanciação automática de membros da LRMLPS.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5666.pdf: 3321258 bytes, checksum: c402c2fb8a619d07842991622736ea5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-22 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Code generators play a key role in model-driven software development. They are responsible for transforming high-level assets (models) into implementation assets (code). Most generators are based on templates, which are pieces of text instrumented with code expansion elements. They receive an input and produce an output according to the template's programming. To build such template-based generators, the code of an existing implementation, already tested and validated, can be used as a reference, in a process known as code migration. With software evolution and the need for changes in the code generator, the templates start to differ from this reference implementation. In order to restablish the synchronization, additional effort is required. Tackling the challenge of keeping these assets synchronized (reference implementation and templates) is this dissertation's subject. The goal is to provide some automation to the code migration process, even if partial, in order to increase productivity in the maintenance of code generators. A mechanism was developed to make it possible to automatically reproduce changes that are performed in the reference implementation into one or more code generation templates. This mechanism was evaluated through an empirical study, yielding good performance in a controlled environment. This indicates that automation can help to reduce the effort in the maintenance of code generators in a model-driven development context. / Os geradores de código desempenham um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento de software orientado a modelos. São responsáveis pela transformação dos artefatos de alto nível de abstração (modelo) em elementos de implementação (código). Os tipos mais comuns de geradores são os baseados em template. São compostos fundamentalmente por elementos de expansão de código, que recebem uma entrada e a convertem em código, conforme a programação inserida nesses templates. O código de uma implementação já testado e validado pode servir de referência para a criação de templates, por meio de um processo conhecido como migração de código. Com a dinâmica da evolução do software e a necessidade de efetuar mudanças no gerador de código ocorre a perda de sincronismo entre os templates e esse código de referência, sendo necessário um esforço adicional para mantê-los sincronizados. O desafio de manter esses artefatos sincronizados constituiu o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado, que proporcionou ganhos de produtividade, por meio de uma automação, ainda que parcial, desse processo. Nesse sentido, foi desenvolvido um mecanismo para propagar automaticamente as alterações introduzidas no código de referência para os templates, que reduziu o tempo e facilitou a manutenção de geradores de código que sofrem com o problema da perda de sincronismo nesses artefatos. O protótipo para a migração automática de código desenvolvido nesta dissertação foi submetido a um estudo empírico, atingindo um bom desempenho com a sua utilização na maioria das tarefas de migração de código avaliadas, o que indica que a automação pode ajudar a resolver o problema e reduzir o esforço de manutenção no desenvolvimento de software orientado a modelos.

Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-19T10:48:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 QUINTALE_Diego Heitzmann_2015.pdf: 54147351 bytes, checksum: b3657ba7e8d0e46ede72ecf278c63977 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-19T10:49:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 QUINTALE_Diego Heitzmann_2015.pdf: 54147351 bytes, checksum: b3657ba7e8d0e46ede72ecf278c63977 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-19T10:49:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 QUINTALE_Diego Heitzmann_2015.pdf: 54147351 bytes, checksum: b3657ba7e8d0e46ede72ecf278c63977 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-19T10:49:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 QUINTALE_Diego Heitzmann_2015.pdf: 54147351 bytes, checksum: b3657ba7e8d0e46ede72ecf278c63977 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-27 / Não recebi financiamento / ERPs are complex systems that handle large amounts of data and links among this data providing to its users different information. Usually, developers of this type of application dedicate their efforts to guarantee correctness of the functionality and information consistency; so usability issues become secondary. It is widely recognized that ERP systems own complex interfaces that negatively affect the ability to use these systems. However, it is observed that certain rules that assist to improve interfaces may be automated, thus it is possible to create automated processes to help the development of such applications. This work presents a model driven approach for retail ERP systems with functional usability features (functional features with high impact on usability), called FUF. This study consisted in two stages. In the first one was made literature and market research of retail ERP systems. The second step was the development of a metamodel for retail ERP systems with functional usability features, called MetaUsaERPWeb, it was also carried out the development of a M2C transformer for MetaUsaERPWeb with PHP target platform. Finally, in the last step, the validation of the proposal was made in a case study, with two tests: the first conducted an experimental study to validate the proposed approach against the traditional approach. The results showed that the groups using MetaUsaERPWeb were more efficient, produce more lines of code and better applications. The second analysis compared the applications developed from the traditional approach and the use of MetaUsaERPWeb (first analysis); the results showed that applications built with MetaUsaERPWeb violated least usability heuristics in 60 % of cases. / Os ERPs são sistemas complexos que manipulam grande volume de dados e a liga ção entre esses dados disponibilizando aos seus usu ários diferentes informa ções. Normalmente, os desenvolvedores deste tipo de aplica ção dedicam seus esfor ços na garantia de corretude das funcionalidades e consistência das informa ções; assim questões de usabilidade tornam-se secundárias. Assim e amplamente reconhecido que os sistemas ERP possuem interfaces complexas que afetam negativamente a capacidade de utiliza ção destes sistemas. Entretanto, observa-se que certas regras que auxiliam na melhoria da interface podem ser automatizadas, e e possí vel criar transformadores automatizados para auxiliar no desenvolvimento destas aplica ções. Esta disserta ção apresenta uma abordagem dirigida a modelos para sistemas ERP de varejo com caracteri sticas funcionais de usabilidade (caracteri sticas funcionais com alto impacto na usabilidade), denominado FUF. Este estudo consistiu em duas etapas. Na primeira foi feito o levantamento bibliogr a fico e pesquisas de sistemas ERP de varejo de mercado. A segunda etapa consistiu no desenvolvimento de um metamodelo para sistemas ERP de varejo com caracteri sticas funcionais de usabilidade, denominado MetaUsaERPWeb. Tamb em foi realizado o desenvolvimento de um transformador M2C para o MetaUsaERPWeb com o PHP como plataforma alvo. Por fim, na ultima etapa, a valida ção da proposta foi executada em um estudo de caso, com duas an alises: primeiro realizou-se um estudo experimental para validar a abordagem pro-posta em rela ção a abordagem tradicional. Os resultados apontaram que os grupos que utilizaram o MetaUsaERPWeb foram mais e cientes, produziram mais linhas de c odigo e aplica cões de melhor qualidade. A segunda an alise comparou as aplica ões desenvolvidas a partir da abordagem tradicional e da utiliza ção do MetaUsaERPWeb (primeira an alise); os resultados mostraram que as aplica ções desenvolvidas a partir do MetaUsaERPWeb violaram menos heuri sticas de usabilidade em 60% dos casos.