Reusability of assets within a family of products is the major goal of Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE), therefore managing variability is an important task in SPLs. Configuration management in the context of software product line engineering is more complicated than that in single systems engineering due to &rdquo / variability in space&rdquo / in addition to &rdquo / variability in time&rdquo / of core assets. In this study, a method for documenting variability in executable configuration items, namely components, is proposed by associating them with the Orthogonal Variability Model (OVM) which introduces variability as a separate model. The main aim is to trace variability in dierent configurations by explicitly documenting variability information for components. The links between OVM elements and components facilitate tool support for product derivation as the components matching the selected variations can be gathered by following the links. The proposed scheme is demonstrated on a case study about a radar GUI variability model.

Innovations in the public services have become mandatory to provide more efficient and secured services to the citizens. In today&#039 / s fast changing technological environment, the sustained management of innovation is the most vital executive task for the organizations. Identification of the technological innovation process is required in order to manage innovation in the public organizations. This thesis study aims to build a technological innovation model for public organizations in Turkey identifying technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, obstacles of innovation and driving forces of innovation. In this research study, strategically important organizations, including all ministries and the pioneer public organizations that perform technological innovation projects are analyzed. In the research study, case study is used as a research strategy and interviews are used as data collection methods. Using collected data / data sets are produced and presented in tables. Data analysis results enable to identify technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, barriers of innovation, and driving forces of innovation. Consequently, in accordance with the findings of the study, a new technological innovation model that may pave the way for technological innovation projects and enable successful management of innovation process is constructed. The proposed model lights the way of managers for their innovation projects by means of determining unclear innovation process and identifying the inputs and outputs of the process. Moreover, this study is a guide for managers in public organizations identifying possible obstacles and offering solutions, identifying driving forces to accelerate the innovation process, emphasizing the importance of interaction between the stakeholders.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1984.

Calif., Univ., Dep. of Management Science and Engineering, Diss.--Stanford, 2002. / Kopie, ersch. im Verl. UMI, Ann Arbor, Mich.

The growing uptake of wind and photovoltaic technologies requires further sources of system-level flexibility to avoid or defer significant investments. The ability to control, to some extent, customer demand (load management, LM) is one of these sources of flexibility. However, the direct involvement of a large number of customers makes the scalability of such approach a major challenge. A mostly unexplored solution to overcome the challenges of managing thousands or millions of customers is to leverage the positive correlation between voltage and demand. More precisely, Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) can control existing regulation devices to reduce customer voltages and so triggering a reduction in demand. This scheme, hereafter called voltage-led LM, avoids the direct involvement of customers overcoming one of the major barriers of traditional LM solutions. To understand whether this approach can be of any significance, a methodology able to quantify such reduction in demand need to be developed. However, the few methodologies available in the literature neglect the interactions across voltage levels and their influence on the benefits of the scheme. Moreover, time-varying demand profiles and load models are not always considered. Finally, the impact that the widespread adoption of distributed energy resources might have, is also neglected. This thesis addressed these gaps by developing a four-stage approach in which the time-varying volume of demand reduction that the scheme can unlock is quantified considering for the first time the influences among all voltage levels in distribution network. To reduce the complexity each voltage level is analysed separately whilst maintaining the corresponding dependencies. The methodology, also able to extrapolate the results at national scale, can quantify the impact that the uptake of residential scale PV units might have on the scheme. The methodology is demonstrated with a real UK case study where 10-min resolution time-series daily and seasonal analysis are performed. For the first time real network models across the whole distribution network, from 132 kV to 400 V, have been adopted. The interactions across voltage levels, the adoption of realistic load models, the variety of network models and the use of a time-varying approach, all aspects simultaneously considered for the first time in a case study, have shown to play a key role in the quantification. In Great Britain the scheme is expected to provide a significant volume of flexibility of around 1.8GW (60 GW of peak demand). The presence of PV, at least in the short term, has shown to have only a marginally effect on the benefits unlocked by the voltage-led LM scheme, making such scheme promising even in a low carbon future.

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os tipos de comprometimento dos profissionais de saÃde e a relaÃÃo destes com o modelo da gestÃo aplicado em hospitais de Fortaleza. Trata-se de um estudo exploratÃrio-descritivo, realizado por meio de um survey de natureza quantitativa, mediante a aplicaÃÃo de um questionÃrio estruturado baseado no modelo multidimensional de comprometimento organizacional de Meyer e Allen (1991), em suas bases afetiva, instrumental e normativa. Este estudo contribui para o conhecimento cientifico, ajudando a compreender a influÃncia dos modelos da gestÃo no engajamento do trabalhador, questÃo em que se evidencia uma lacuna na literatura. Contribui, ainda, para a prÃtica e o desenvolvimento de polÃticas da gestÃo de pessoas que trabalham em hospitais. A amostra foi constituÃda por 330 profissionais: mÃdicos, paramÃdicos, tÃcnicos administrativos e pessoal de apoio que trabalham nos trÃs hospitais em modelos da gestÃo diferentes: pÃblico estadual, organizaÃÃo social de saÃde e privado. A anÃlise estatÃstica baseou-se na anÃlise descritiva dos dados, por meio de tabelas de freqÃÃncias e quadros, anÃlise de correlaÃÃo entre as variÃveis para mensurar o nÃvel de dependÃncia entre as variÃveis, coeficiente -Cronbach para avaliar a fidedignidade do questionÃrio, anÃlise fatorial para identificar os fatores que estÃo relacionados com o grau de comprometimento dos colaboradores, alÃm de figuras a fim de ilustrar o comportamento dos dados. Nos resultados, foram encontradas evidÃncias da importÃncia das polÃticas e prÃticas da gestÃo e comprometimento organizacional. O hospital privado apresentou comprometimento afetivo; no hospital organizaÃÃo social de saÃde, o comprometimento identificado foi o instrumental; e, no hospital pÃblico estadual, foi o comprometimento afetivo. Espera-se contribuir com este estudo para o conhecimento cientifico, permitindo compreender a influÃncia do modelo da gestÃo no desenvolvimento organizacional. / The goal of this was identify the types of commitment of the health professionals and the relation enters the applied model of management in the hospitals of Fortaleza. The research is about a study explorer and descriptive, carried through by means of one survey of quantitative and qualitative nature, applied through a structuralized questionnaire on the basis of the multidimensional model of organizational compromise of Meyer and Allen, in its bases affective, instrumental and normative. The sample was constituted by 330 professionals: administrative doctors, for-doctors, technician and staff of support to work in three hospitals, fit in different models of management: state public, social organization of private health and. The analysis statistics was based on the descriptive analysis of the data by means of tables of frequencies and graphs, analysis of correlation amongst the variable to measure the level of dependence between the variable, coefficient -cronbach to evaluate the allegiance of the questionnaire, factorial analysis to identify the factors that are related with the degree of compromise of the collaborators, beyond figures to illustrate the behavior of the data. One expects to contribute with this study for the scientific knowledge, allowing to understand, the influence of the model of management in the organizational development, subject that a gap in literature has left, as well as contributing for the practical one of the hospital management of people and for the politics of human resources in the health. The results of the study will be able to have application important in the health organizations.

This diploma thesis deals with the issues of Business Process Management (BPM) in companies engaged in the energy distribution and trading in the Czech Republic (with a focus on the electricity and natural gas market). The first part introduces the basic terms and specifies the theoretical principles of Business Process Management in comparison with the classical functional management approach including the benefits, risks and issues associated with the implementation of Business Process Management in the organization. Thesis also outlines the issues and current status in the market with tools for BPM support. Next part of the thesis is devoted to analysis of the energy market in Czech Republic including its specifics and providing a sample of companies into the research which is the subject of the last part of the thesis. The goal of the realized research is to describe the current status of Business Process Management in the selected companies including formulation of conclusions and evaluation of the current level of usage of BPM.

This diploma Thesis deals with the evaluation of Integrated model management in energy company E.ON Energia a.s., using methods Balanced Scorecard. The first part is a theoretical subject and its contents is analysis of the integrated management model and method Balanced Scorecard (BSC), as comprehensive approach in examining the performance of business entities. The second, practical part of work deals with the integrated model and financial analysis of specific energy company E.ON Energia a.s.,in years 2007 till 2011,in aspect of the distribution of spin-off company of the merger on 1 January 2008. On that basis, there are defined strategic business objectives, that are assigned to individual perspectives of performance measurement of method Balanced Scorecard, Outcome is evaluation the economic success of a company, in relation to different perspectives Balanced Scorecard and defined objectives of diploma Thesis.

[pt] que torna complexo o processo de formação do preço da energia, já que o mesmo depende do comportamento das afluências futuras, que é altamente incerto. Em função dessa incerteza, o preço pode apresentar comportamento volátil, se tornando um fator de alto risco para os agentes do setor elétrico. No entanto, é comum que comercializadoras utilizem o mercado a vista para alavancar seus ganhos, visto que podem negociar energia elétrica entre diferentes submercados lucrando com as diferenças de preços existentes entre eles. A gestão do risco inerente a essas operações geralmente é realizada pelas próprias empresas que utilizam modelos financeiros para otimização de portfólio de contratos levando em conta métricas de risco. Uma prática comum é o Swap de energia elétrica no mercado a vista que consiste na compra e venda de energia para liquidação em determinada data. Na prática a comercializadora fica vendida na ponta ativa e comprada na ponta passiva, em submercados diferentes. Quando da liquidação financeira a comercializadora irá receber ou pagar um valor em dinheiro dependendo dos preços de cada submercado. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo oferece um modelo de decisão ótima em Swaps de energia elétrica utilizando como balizador de desempenho a medida Ômega com restrição de valor em risco (VaR – Value at Risk) de forma a auxiliar comercializadores a maximizarem seus lucros minimizando riscos por meio de operações casadas. Os resultados mostraram que a medida Omega é uma excelente métrica de decisão ótima de Swaps de energia elétrica visto que consegue incorporar toda a curva estatística da distribuição dos resultados simulados para as operações. A medida Omega também leva em conta um nível de retorno ou valor meta chamado de limite (L) definido pelo gestor, o qual é a fronteira entre o que se considera como ganho e como perda. A decisão ótima de Swap com base na maximização da medida Omega para contratos de energia elétrica em um horizonte de 12 meses resultou no conjunto das seguintes operações: CSE-VNE+CSE-VN (Compra Sudeste e Vende Nordeste + Compra Sudeste e Vende Norte). / [en] The Brazilian electric sector underwent a major restructuring that began at the end of the 1990s, which aimed to increase the efficiency of the agents and the market as a whole. This process created the Regulated Contracting Environment (ACR) where the generators sell their energy through government-organized auctions, and the Free Contracting Environment (ACL) which enables deals between producers and consumers whose demand exceeds 3MW, directly or via brokers. Purchases in the ACL may be at fixed or previously-set prices, or even at floating prices based on the Spot Price (PLD). The PLD may be volatile, becoming a high risk factor for the electric sector agents. Energy supply is divided into four sub-markets: North, South, Northeast and Southeast/Midwest, and each presents a distinct PLD due to restrictions on the transmission lines and other factors. However, it is common for agents to trade in electric power swaps, which means trading energy among different sub-markets and profiting from price differences. The management of risk inherent in such operations is usually performed by the companies themselves, which use financial models to optimize contract portfolios, taking into account risk metrics. Thus, the trader will book a profit or loss depending on the prices in each sub-market. Against this backdrop, this study offers a model of optimal decision in Electric Power Swaps (buying and selling the same amount of energy) using the Omega Measurement as a performance indicator, restricted by value at risk (VaR) to help brokers maximize their profit while minimizing risks.

The main objective of the thesis is to develop the system of measures for the increase of public administration effectiveness. For the adequate setting of these measures, the needs and requirements of the public sector bodies for management efficiency and effectiveness were identified. Subsequent objective of this thesis is to describe the priority structure of measures for the increase of public administration effectiveness for the two main groups: 1) state administration, 2) local administration, including the comparison between these two groups. Consequently, the thesis is focused on the development of system measures including the results of Czech and international researches in the area of public administration effectiveness. This system is designed as a graphic-based for the main three types of public administration bodies: - ministries and state organizations and institutions, - regions, - municipalities (cities, towns and villages). The last part of the thesis includes the evaluation of realised measures (projects) focused on the increase of public administration effectiveness subsidised from the Operational Programme Human Resources and Employment. This evaluation proved the high rate of economic return measured by the SROI indicator.