Recently multi-core processors have become very popular in computer systems. It allows multiple threads to be executed simultaneously. The advantage of multi-core comes by parallelizing codes to expand the work across hardware. Furthermore, this can be done by using a parallel environment developed by M.I.T. called Intel Cilk Plus, which is design to provide an easy and well-structured parallel programming approach.      Intel Cilk Plus is an extension of C and C++ programming languages that describes data parallelism. This extension is very helpful and easy to use among other languages in this field. It has different features including keywords, reducers and array notations etc. In general, this article describes Intel Cilk Plus and its features. In addition, Unified Modelling Language, activity diagrams are used in term of graphical modelling of Intel Cilk Plus by describing the process of a system, capturing the dynamic behaviour of it and representing the flow from one activity to another using control flow. Later on Intel Cilk Plus keywords and UML diagrams tools will be evaluated, a comparison of different UML modelling tools will also be provided.

This thesis is about techniques for proving the functional correctness of Abstract Data Type (ADT) implementations. We provide a framework for proving the functional correctness of imperative language implementations of ADTs, using a theory of refinement. We develop a theory of refinement to reason about both declarative and imperative language implementations of ADTs. Our theory facilitates compositional reasoning about complex implementations that may use several layers of sub-ADTs. Based on our theory of refinement, we propose a methodology for proving the functional correctness of an existing imperative language implementation of an ADT. We propose a mechanizable translation from an abstract model in the Z language to an abstract implementation in VCC’s ghost language. Then we present a technique to carry out the refinement checks completely within the VCC tool. We apply our proposed methodology to prove the functional correctness of the scheduling-related functionality of FreeRTOS, a popular open-source real-time operating system. We focused on the scheduler-related functionality, found major deviations from the intended behavior, and did a machine-checked proof of the correctness of the fixed code. We also present an efficient way to phrase the refinement conditions in VCC, which considerably improves VCC’s performance. We evaluated this technique on a simplified version of FreeRTOS which we constructed for this verification exercise. Using our efficient approach, VCC always terminates and leads to a reduction of over 90% in the total time taken by a naive check, when evaluated on this case-study.

Goal-Oriented Modelling Languages such as the Goal Requirements Language (GRL) have been used to reason about Design Patterns. However, the GRL is a general purpose modelling language that does not support concepts bespoke to the pattern domain. This thesis has investigated how advanced programming language techniques, namely Dependent Types and Domain Specific Languages, can be used to enhance the design and construction of Domain Specific Modelling languages (DSMLs), and apply the results to Design Pattern Engineering. This thesis presents Sif, a DSML for reasoning about design patterns as goal- oriented requirements problems. Sif presents modellers with a modelling language tailored to the pattern domain but leverages the GRL for realisation of the modelling constructs. Dependent types have influenced the design and implementation of Sif to provide correctness guarantees, and have led to the development of NovoGRL a novel extension of the GRL. A technique for DSML implementation called Types as (Meta) Modellers was developed in which the interpretation between a DSML and its host language is implemented directly within the type-system of the DSML. This provides correctness guarantees of DSML model instances during model construction. Models can only be constructed if and only if the DSML's type-system can build a valid representation of the model in the host language. This thesis also investigated design pattern evaluation, developing PREMES an evaluation framework that uses tailorable testing techniques to provide demonstrable reporting on pattern quality. Linking PREMES with Sif are: Freyja—an active pattern document schema in which Sif models are embedded within pattern documents; and Frigg—a tool for interacting with pattern documents. The proof-of-concept tools in this thesis demonstrate: machine enhanced interactions with design patterns; reproducible automation in the PREMES framework; and machine checking of pattern documents as Sif models. With the tooling and techniques presented, design pattern engineering can become a more rigorous, demonstrable, and machine checkable process.