In der Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass mit Hilfe der gewählten zerstörungsfreien und -armen Prüfverfahren der Bezug zu festigkeitsrelevanten Parametern hergestellt werden kann. Insgesamt 58 ungeschädigte und durch Braunfäulepilze geschädigte Nadelholzbalken und daraus hergestellte Prismen wurden mit Ultraschallecho und Bohrwiderstand geprüft und grundlegende Erkenntnisse für die Prüfungen an Holzbauteilen gewonnen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit zerstörenden Festigkeitsprüfungen kombiniert. Bei den Ultraschallechountersuchungen wurde festgestellt, dass sich für die geprüfte Rohdichtespanne die Schallgeschwindigkeit der Transversalwellen mit steigender Rohdichte erhöht. Ein enger Zusammenhang konnte auch bezüglich des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes nachgewiesen werden. Nach Durchführung multipler Regressionsanalysen mit der Rohdichte, dem Feuchtegehalt und der Messfrequenz als unabhängige Variablen wurden sehr gute Korrelationen innerhalb der Holzarten ermittelt, so dass die Schallgeschwindigkeit gut abgeschätzt werden konnte. Die Lokalisierung von Ästen und Rissen ist gut möglich. Schädigungen wurden prinzipiell durch Ausbleiben des Echos der Bauteilrückseite detektiert. War der Übergang in Schallausbreitungsrichtung abrupt, wurden die Wellen reflektiert und erzeugten ein Echosignal. Die durchgeführten Bohrwiderstandsuntersuchungen belegen einen Zusammenhang zwischen Bohrwiderstand und Rohdichte sowohl für die Prismen als auch für die geprüften Balken. Die Streuung der Werte der Regressionsanalysen wurde bei Differenzierung der Bohrrichtung und des durchbohrten Bereiches des Balkenquerschnitts reduziert. Zwischen Bohrwiderstand und Rohdichte bestand auch in den Zonen des Schadensübergangsbereiches ein linearer Zusammenhang. An Balken und Prismen wurden Festigkeitsuntersuchungen durchgeführt und die Schadensübergangsbereiche gesondert betrachtet. Eine Differenzierung von Schädigungsgraden war in der Regel möglich. Bei den geschädigten Balken wurde der reale Querschnitt ermittelt und für die weiteren Berechnungen angesetzt. Danach wurde ein mittlerer Zusammenhang von Biegefestigkeit und E-Modul für die pilzgeschädigten Balken festgestellt. Die Kombination der ermittelten Festigkeiten mit dem Bohrwiderstand führte zu mittelgroßen bis starken Zusammenhängen. Die Differenzierung der Bereiche des Schadensüberganges war möglich. Im Hinblick auf die Einschätzung der Biegefestigkeit bestehender Träger wurden multiple Regressionsanalysen mit modifizierten Sortierkriterien, der Rohdichte, dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt, der Querschnittszone, dem Bohrwiderstand und dem E-Modul durchgeführt und ergaben einen sehr starken Zusammenhang, der das erhebliche Potenzial der entwickelten Methodik bei der Bewertung geschädigter Tragkonstruktionen aufzeigt.

This thesis has a theoretical and a practical part. The first part contains theoretical introduction to the phenomenon of increased stiffness at very small strains and possibilities of its practical applications. The available methods for evaluating initial shear modulus tests are described below. Increased attention is paid to the method of evaluation of test data in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform. The last chapter in this part describes an algorithm designed for automatic evaluation of measurements in the frequency domain. The practical part deals with measurement and evaluation of initial shear modulus for Brno clay as a function of vertical stress in oedometric test. Firstly, a device is presented that allows the extension of the oedometric test with sensors for measuring initial shear modulus of soil. This device was designed for the test in this thesis. Subsequently, the test plan is described including description of all soil samples. In this thesis, several types of soil samples from a single site were tested. Next, the results of the individual tests are evaluated by the selected methods. Examples are used for showing the differences in evaluation of the same data by other methods. At the end, the results of the individual tests for all sample types are compared with each other and with data from literature.

This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of additional reinforcement of wooden elements using different types of BFRP materials. In the practical part, an experiment of reinforcing plywood with external reinforcement using BFRP fabrics with different basis weights was performed. As part of the strength tests performed, the specimens were subjected to bending and shear stresses. To verify the bonding quality of the plywood, the bodies were exposed to the effect of elevated temperature and a delamination test was performed to determine the bonding quality of the plywood joints. The achieved values were evaluated and compared with the available literature.

This diploma thesis targets on diagnostics and assessment of bridge structure Most Kaštanová přes Svitavu, reg. number 380-001. Concrete material characteristics have been assessed in laboratory, after visual inspection, diagnostical testing and sample core drilling were made. Findings from laboratory tests are summarized in the conclusion of the thesis. It focuses on an evaluation of current bridge condition and presents various options that will help polong lifetime of the bridge.

The main theme of this diploma thesis is a building survey and diagnostics of a reinforced concrete construction. In the first, theoretical part the focus lies on a description of each method for testing constructions and their evaluation. The second, practical part focuses mainly on finding of material characteristics and reinforcement of particular parts of the construction. On basis of obtained information, the final part of this paper focuses on static assessment of chosen parts of the construction.

Aim of this thesis is the usage of the open-graded asphalt concrete filled with a special cement grout in the road structures. Thesis defines the main concrete properties and explains related legislation and norms that apply. In addition, laboratory design of asfalt mixtures and a tree kind mortal filler and possibilities of mortal filler pigmentation are dealth with. Finally, thesis evaluates the results from various laboratory tests that were performed on the specimens made from final mixtures.

This paper contains brief introduction into modeling and simulation using Discrete Event Specified System (DEVS) formalism. It defines basic models (atomic and coupled DEVS) and shows how they are simulated. Examples of derived DEVS formalism like parallel DEVS or DESS are also presented. It is described how to create DEVS models using graphic modeling software and advantages and disadvantages of this approach. A short summary of known programs are also covered. Storing models in the XML language, validation of XML document and transformation capabilities by XSLT are discussed. The main section is dedicated to the design of a graphic editor for simulation models inspired by design patterns including classes for canvas, model representation, export module interface and main application. The XML document used for storing DEVS models and simple DEVS simulator are also described. Implementation section presents used programming libraries, reasons why they have been used and their advantages and disadvantages. Paper ends with an example of a simple DEVS model created by implemented graphic editor for simulation DEVS models.

This master's thesis deals with the design of two asphalt mixtures for a wearing course containing 35 % R-material. The asphalt mixtures use a soft bitumen modified with crumb rubber (CRMB) or the unmodified soft binder itself with a penetration grade of 70/100. The work verifies the effect of crumb rubber as a bitumen modifier on the properties of the asphalt mixture with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). At the same time, the work deals with the possibility of using higher amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement only in combination with a softer binder without the use of rejuvenating additives. The properties of asphalt binders and mixtures are verified using suitable functional tests. Furthermore, the proposed mixtures and their results are compared from various perspectives. At the same time, the thesis in the theoretical part deals with the dosing of a reclaimed asphalt pavement into the asphalt mixture and describes the handling and use of reclaimed asphalt pavement in the Czech Republic and abroad

Subject of this diploma thesis is to describe the effect of adding different amount of aged binder recovered from RAP on the change of properties of polymer modified bitumen. The RAP containing unmodified bitumen and the RAP where we can expect bitumen modification are used to recover binder. The binder obtained from RAP is dosed into the virgin binder in amount of 15 %, 30 % and 50 %. The methods of recycling of flexible pavements, extraction and regeneration of asphalt binders, rejuvenating of their properties and methods of empirical and functional laboratory tests are described in the theoretical part. The practical part deals with evaluating and comparison of the results mixed binders properties.

Byggbranschens utsläpp av växthusgaser utgör en stor andel av Sveriges totala utsläpp. För att minska de byggrelaterade utsläppen är det på många fronter som byggbranschen behöver förändras och effektiviseras. De senaste åren har en succesiv ökning av byggandet i trä skett vilket är gynnsamt då trä alternativet är mer klimatvänligt än stål och betong. De tuffa klimatmålen vi nu står framför innebär dock att mer behöver göras än att endast öka andelen träbyggnader. Pappersmassaindustrin är lätt att bortse ifrån, då den hittills inte varit relevant för byggbranschen och för att återanvändning är relativt framträdande inom den branschen. Ifrån sågverken som sönderdelar trästockar till virke fraktas flis som blir över till pappersbruk. Av flisen görs sedan bland annat diverse pappförpackningar som går att återvinna. Problemet är att dessa förpackningar endast går att återvinna ett visst antal gånger innan fibrerna blir obrukbara och istället används som biobränsle. Om byggmaterial skulle gå att producera baserat på dessa fibrer, skulle detta innebära en mer långlivad användning av dem. Ett byggmaterial som uppfunnits, gjort på fibrer från pappersmassabruk är core-materialet ”Greenwood”. Eftersom materialet är nytt och egenskaperna till stor del är okända krävs det att diverse studier görs som undersöker materialets olika egenskaper som är relevanta för en eventuell tillämpning inom byggbranschen. Denna studie avser att undersöka skjuvstyvhet, böjstyvhet och bärförmåga hos sandwichelement uppbyggda av core-materialet Greenwood och ytskikt av papp. Detta genom att först  dynamiskt och statiskt testa de ingående materialens egenskaper, följt av böjprovning av nio sandwichbalkar med varierande tjocklek på ytskikten. Samtliga balkar testades även dynamiskt. Core-materialet Greenwood som ingick i sandwichelementen var endast den begränsande faktorn en gång av tio böjprov. När core-materialets skjuvstyvhet togs fram både dynamiskt och statiskt och när den omvandlades till en skjuvmodul visade det sig att Greenwood har en mer än dubbelt så stor styvhet som EPS-cellplast vid liknande densitet. Detta är intressant då denna cellplast ofta agerar som ett core-material i sandwichelement ute i byggbranschen. Testerna visar även på att balkarna har en relativt liten spridning vilket innebär att resultaten har god tillförlitlighet. Slutligen, kan det konstateras att dessa sandwichelement uppvisar sega egenskaper med en viss kvarvarande lastkapacitet även efter brott. Samtliga nämnda egenskaper ovan talar för en viss potential för tillämpning av dessa sandwichelement inom byggbranschen. Fortsatta studier av fukt- och krypegenskaper vid långtidsbelastning rekommenderas, vilket är viktigt för användning inom byggandet. De omfattande resultaten från föreliggande studie utgör dock ett bra underlag för fortsatta undersökningar och värdering av möjliga tillämpningar. / The construction industry`s greenhouse emissions, makes up for a large portion of Sweden’s total emissions. In order to reduce construction related emissions, a fair amount of fronts within the construction industry needs to be changed and streamlined. In the last couple of years, there has been a successive increase in the number of structures that are built from wood amongst other things, which is beneficial because the wood alternative is more climate friendly than steel and concrete. The current tough climate goals entails that more has to be done than just increasing the amount of wood constructions. The pulp industry is easy to write off because so far, it has not been relevant to the construction industry and because recycling is relatively prominent within that industry. From the sawmills that dismember wooden logs to lumber, leftover wood chips are transported to paper mills. Among other things, different cardboard packages that can be recycled are then made from those wood chips. The problem with these packages is that they can only be recycled a certain number of times before the fibers become unusable and instead, are used as biofuel. If building materials were to be able to be produced with these fibers, that would be a more long-lived use of them. A building material, recently invented, made of fiber from paper mills is the core-material “Greenwood”. Because the material is new and its properties for the most part are unknown, this requires that various studies are conducted that examines the different properties the material possesses that are relevant for a contingent enforcement within the construction industry. This study intends to examine the shear rigidity, flexural rigidity and maximum capacity for sandwich panels made from the core-material Greenwood and faces of paperboard. This was achieved by first dynamically and statically test the properties of the two different materials, followed by flexure testing nine sandwich beams with varying face thicknesses. Every beam was also tested dynamically. The core-material Greenwood which was a part of the sandwich panels, was only the limiting factor 1 time out of 10 flexure tests. When the shear rigidity of the core-material was calculated both statically and dynamically and when it was converted to a shear modulus it was shown that Greenwood has a rigidity of more than double that of EPS cellular plastic at similar density. This is interesting because this type of cellular plastic often acts as a core-material in sandwich structures found in the construction industry. The tests also show that the beams have a relatively small spread which means that the results have good reliability. Finally, it can be concluded that these  sandwich panels exhibit ductile properties with a certain lasting load capacity even after ultimate load has been reached. Every property mentioned above indicates that there is a certain potential for applicability of these sandwich panels within the construction industry. Continued studies of moisture properties and creep properties during long-term loading is recommended, which is important for a possible use within construction. The extensive results from this study constitutes a good basis for continued research and assessment of possible applications.