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Th. doct.-ing.--Besançon, 1979. N°: 94.

Abstract¡G The main aim of this paper is to utilizing the Shadow Moirè method to study the moisture effect on the warpage of PBGA IC package under the IR-reflow process. An environmental controlled box is designed and built. Three combinations of different moisture and temperature status are chosen for the purpose of study. The result shows that the moisture and temperature change do yielding the change of the warpage of the IC package.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 1988. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Optical-based techniques have found merit in measuring displacement and strain for decades. These techniques are commonly used in numerous applications ranging from large displacements in wind tunnel experiments to displacement measurements on the submicron scale. Projection Moiré Interferometry (PMI) is an out-of-plane displacement measurement technique, and consists of capturing reference and deformed images of a grid pattern projected on the test object. By differencing the reference and deformed images of the projected grid pattern, a fringe pattern is generated from which the displacement field can be extracted. This computation requires calibration procedures that analyze a number of fringe patterns from known displacements to compute the fringe sensitivity constant (FSC) values. This process can be time consuming and for large-scale applications, very costly. In addition, due to the projection-oriented nature of this technique, measuring displacements in applications with non-viewable, hidden, or inaccessible reference surfaces excludes the use of PMI. In this thesis, a technique is developed which eliminates calibration procedures through implementation of virtual calibration methods, and typical PMI measurement processes are extended to include digital reference images in determining displacements from inaccessible surfaces. Using camera calibration routines and ray tracing techniques, each major component of the PMI arrangement is modeled as virtual components within a computer simulation where the entire calibration process can be performed. A CAD model of the inaccessible surface is then converted to a point cloud and a surface interpolation function is implemented to generate a displacement field, which can be correlated and differenced from the displacement field of the actual object. Many potential applications exist in the automobile, aerospace, and other manufacturing industries. These industries provide numerous large-scale applications where conventional calibration is not cost-effective. In addition, these applications provide instances where differences between the deformed and reference images represent the manufacturing errors due to dimensional variations and assembly processes. An automated, self-calibrating, whole-field projection measuring system would greatly increase inspection efficiency of large production parts and final assemblies. It is in these types of circumstances that the developed techniques would be of most use.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Broiler birds have drastically increased in size over the past few decades through improvements in genetic selection. Physical measurements such as surface area, volume and physical dimensions are needed information in the construction of animal facilities and developing management guidelines. The objective of this study was to develop a three-dimensional scanning methodology to characterize surface area and envelope volume of poultry, livestock, and equine using a commercially available 3D digitizer system. The digitizing system used phase shift moiré to capture images of three test cylinders, four fiberglass animal models, and a live broiler bird. These images were spliced into physical models using image processing software. System accuracy (< 2%) was verified with cylinder models. Recommended camera orientations and placements were established with each species by the use of fiberglass models. The methods will have to be fine-tuned for live animals as observed in the live broiler test.

In this dissertation, I report the results of my research on twisted moiré photonic crystals which can be formed through multi-beam holographic interference without a physical rotation and later fabricated by electron-beam lithography. Their optical properties, such as photonic bandgaps, multiple resonance modes, and quality factor are presented. Randomized moire photonic crystals in lattice are also studied. The applications of moire photonic crystals in improving light extraction efficiency are simulated and verified in light emitting devices. Furthermore, I simulated the light extraction efficiency in OLED when the Al layer is patterned with a triangular GPSC, square moiré PhC with defects in the uniform area, and random locations of the photonic lattice, and obtain light extraction efficiency of 78.9%, 79.9%, 81.7%, respectively. Also, the ratios of photoluminescence intensity of LED integrated with twisted moiré PhCs and random moiré PhCs over that without moiré PhCs are measured to be (1.3-1.9) and 1.74, respectively, in a good agreement with simulated ratios of 1.69 and 1.8.

No description available.