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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Characterization of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones in the maturation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits /

Wanamaker, Christian P. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Committee on Neurobiology, December 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.
22

Structure and function studies of Hsp47 : a collagen-specific molecular chaperone /

Thomson, Christy A. Ananthanarayanan, Vettai S. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2003. / Advisor: V.S. Ananthanarayanan. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web.
23

Molecular simulations of chaperonins /

Sliozberg, Yelena R. Abrams, Cameron F. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2007. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-115).
24

Cellular regulation of molecular chaperones and identification of pathogenic pathways in polyglutamine disease. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection

January 2006 (has links)
Polyglutamine disease is a class of neurodegenerative diseases, which is manifested by the atrophy of nervous system that results in dementia and/or motor dysfunction. The major pathological characteristics include progressive loss of neuronal cells as well as the appearance of insoluble nuclear inclusions in degenerating neuronal cells. Polyglutamine disease is caused by CAG triplet expansion in the genome. When translated, such expansion leads to the formation of expanded polyglutamine domain within the respective disease proteins and promotes abnormal protein conformational changes. Owing to their misfolded nature, the expanded polyglutamine proteins form insoluble nuclear inclusions. These insoluble nuclear inclusions are heterogeneous in nature, in which polyglutamine protein and molecular chaperones are the recruited components. All eukaryotic cells express molecular chaperones which function to mediate the proper folding of proteins. The recruitment of molecular chaperones into nuclear inclusions that contain misfolded triplet-expanded proteins strongly suggests the involvement of molecular chaperones in polyglutamine disease progression. It has been shown that over-expression of molecular chaperones in polyglutamine disease models can lead to a suppression of polyglutamine toxicity and a concomitant increase in the solubility of disease proteins, i.e. the solubility of polyglutamine disease protein is related to its toxicity. Intrigued by these observations, I aimed at elucidating the mechanism of polyglutamine disease pathogenesis by first studying the cellular regulation of endogenous chaperone expression in neurodegeneration in a transgenic Drosophila model of polyglutamine disease. A biphasic regulation of Hsp70 expression was observed, which the regulation was at the transcription level. Moreover, over-expression of Hsp70 could alter the endogenous Hsp70 protein and mRNA level of polyglutamine disease fly model. The study may help the understanding of how the chaperone expression is regulated under the effects of polyglutamine expression and thus to find out the mechanism of pathogenesis. In addition, cellular proteins that change in solubility other than disease protein will also be identified. Small heat shock proteins, glutathione S transferase and alpha 4 proteasome subunit, etc., showed change in solubility or expression by 2D gel electrophoresis analysis. Identifying the proteins that change in solubility or expression may help the finding of the interplay of proteins and thus the pathways involve in the mechanism of polyglutamine disease pathogenesis. Understanding pathogenic pathways can give ideas on how polyglutamine lead to the disease, up- or down-regulation of those protein interplays may provide direction and therapeutic candidates to suppress polyglutamine disease. / Huen Ngar Yee. / "September 2006." / Advisers: Ho Yin Chan; Siu Kai Kong. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-03, Section: B, page: 1465. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-146). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.
25

Membrane chaperones : protein folding in the ER membrane /

Kota, Jhansi, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.
26

Structural and functional characterization of human alphaB-crystallin, a small heat-shock protein and molecular chaperone /

Muchowski, Paul J., January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [128]-146).
27

Estudos estruturais e funcionais da Hsp90 de Leishmania braziliensis e suas co-chaperonas p23 / Structural and functional studies of Leishmania braziliensis Hsp90 and its p23 co-chaperones

Silva, Kelly Pereira da 15 June 2012 (has links)
As chaperonas moleculares são proteínas que auxiliam no enovelamento correto de outras proteínas, entre outras funções importantes para as células, motivo pelo qual elas têm sido alvo para o combate de várias doenças. As Hsp90 (82-96 kDa) são chaperonas abundantes que interagem com diversas proteínas-cliente. São constituídas por três domínios: N-terminal, intermediário ou central (M) e C-terminal, o qual é responsável pela dimerização da proteína. A atividade da Hsp90 está diretamente relacionada à sua atividade ATPásica. Durante o ciclo funcional, as Hsp90 podem interagir com inúmeras co-chaperonas. Uma delas é a co-chaperona p23 (18-22 kDa) que interage com o dímero da Hsp90 e algumas das suas funções são a inibição da atividade ATPásica e atividade chaperona. O objetivo do trabalho foi obter a proteína recombinante Hsp90 de Leishmania braziliensis e os domínios N e N+M, determinar fatores importantes que relacionam mudanças conformacionais e função da Hsp90 e as bases moleculares da inibição por GA. Também obter as co-chaperonas Lbp23A e Lbp23B e investigar a interação com a LbHsp90 e suas funções. As proteínas produzidas foram purificadas e caracterizadas por técnicas biofísicas. Em solução, a LbHsp90 foi caracterizada como dímero assimétrico e as demais proteínas como monômeros assimétricos.A interação da LbHsp90 e domínios com nucleotídeos foi analisada por fluorescência e as constantes de dissociação ficaram em torno de 150 µM. A afinidade por GA foi maior que a verificada para ATP e em ordem crescente para LbHsp90, LbHsp90_NM e LbHsp90_N. A LbHsp90 apresentou grande atividade chaperona em relação à citrato sintase, de maneira independente de ATP. A LbHsp90 mostrou baixa atividade ATPásica, a qual foi inibida pela GA com IC50 de 0,7 µM. Tanto a Lbp23A quanto a Lbp23B inibiram a atividade ATPásica da LbHsp90, porém a Lbp23A aproximou-se de 100% de inibição e a Lbp23B apenas 30%. A interação in vitro entre a LbHsp90 e a Lbp23B foi observada por pull-down na presença/ausência de nucleotídeos e essa técnica não se mostrou adequada para a Lbp23A.O pioneirismo do trabalho com a Hsp90/p23 de L. braziliensis oferece uma grande contribuição para futuros trabalhos que visam o entendimento das relações funcionais entre essas proteínas e o contexto das Hsp90 no desenvolvimento da leishmaniose. / Molecular chaperones are proteins involved in proper folding of other proteins, and others important cellular functions, why they have been targeted for combating various diseases. The Hsp90 (82-96 kDa) are ubiquitous chaperones that interact with a wide range of client proteins. They are formed by three domains: N-terminal, central or middle (M), and C-terminal, which is responsible by its dimerization. The Hsp90 activity is related to its ATPase activity. During the Hsp90 functional cycle, diverse co-chaperones. One of them is the p23 (18 kDa), that interacts with one Hsp90 dimer, and some p23 functions are the inhibition of Hsp90 ATPase activity and chaperone activity. The aim of this work was obtain the Hsp90 recombinant Leishmania braziliensis Hsp90, the N and N+M domains, to determine the important factors related to conformational changes and Hsp90 function, and the molecular basis of GA inhibition. Also, to obtain the Lbp23A and Lbp23B co-chaperones in order to establish relevant aspects for LbHsp90 interaction and its co-chaperones functions. The recombinant proteins were produced, purified and characterized by biophysics techniques. The LbHsp90 was identified as an asymmetric dimer for whereas the others were identified as asymmetric monomers. The interactions between LbHsp90 and domains with nucleotides were determined by fluorescence and the dissociation constants were about 150 µM. The GA-affinity was greater than ATP one, in increasing order for LbHsp90, LbHsp90_NM, and LbHsp90_N. The LbHsp90 showed large chaperone activity related to citrate synthase independently of ATP. The LbHsp90 presented low ATPase activity, which was inhibited by GA with a IC50 of 0,7. The Lbp23A and Lbp23B inhibited the ATPase activity with different values, the Lbp23A inhibition was closed to 100% whereas the Lbp23B one was 30%. The in vitro interaction between the LbHsp90 and Lbp23B was observed by pull-down, in the absence or presence of nucleotides, and for Lbp23A this technique was not appropriated. The pioneering work with Hsp90/p23 from L. braziliensis offers an important contribution to future studies aimed at understanding the functional relationships between these proteins and the context of Hsp90 in the development of leishmaniasis.
28

Estudo estrutural e funcional da co-chaperona SGT de Leishmania braziliensis / Structural and functional studies of the co-chaperone SGT of Leishmania braziliensis

Coto, Amanda Laís de Souza 14 September 2016 (has links)
As chaperonas moleculares são ativas em muitos processos celulares envolvendo o enovelamento e a homeostase de proteínas. Essas características fazem das chaperonas alvos potenciais para o tratamento de diversas doenças. As Hsp70 e as Hsp90, em especial, são proteínas ubíquas altamente conservadas biologicamente que atuam no enovelamento de proteínas nascentes, prevenção da agregação proteica, recuperação de proteínas de agregados, sinalização e crescimento celular, dentre outros. Contudo, para que essas proteínas cumpram eficientemente suas funções, elas devem ser moduladas por co-chaperonas moleculares. A SGT é uma co-chaperona que pode ser dividida em três regiões: domínio N-terminal, domínio TPR e domínio C-terminal, sendo que a região do domínio TPR é a responsável pela interação com o motivo EEVD no C-terminal das Hsp90 e Hsp70 citoplasmáticas. A SGT é encontrada em vários organismos, dentre eles os protozoários do gênero Leishmania spp.. Estes organismos são responsáveis pela leishmaniose, uma doença negligenciada que afeta milhares de pessoas todos os anos, principalmente em países subdesenvolvidos. Evidências indicam que a SGT em protozoários é essencial para o crescimento e viabilidade da forma promastigota. Diante disso, nesse trabalho foi feito o estudo estrutural e funcional da co-chaperona SGT de Leishmania braziliensis (LbSGT). A LbSGT recombinante foi produzida e purificada. A caracterização estrutural indica que a LbSGT é uma proteína rica em estrutura secundária do tipo hélice α que se comporta como um dímero alongado em solução. Dados de estabilidade térmica e química indicam que a LbSGT é uma proteína formada por domínios com diferentes estabilidades. A LbSGT foi identificada in vivo e o western blotting indicou sua presença cognata nas formas promastigotas do protozoário. Os ensaios de interação indicam que as interações entre a LbSGT e a Hsp90 de L. braziliensis (LbHsp90) e a LbSGT e Hsp70-1A humana (usada como proteína modelo) são diferentes da interação da LbSGT com o peptídeo MEEVD. Sendo assim, esses dados sugerem que a interação da LbSGT com a Hsp70-1A e LbHsp90 envolvem mais regiões das proteínas do que somente o motivo de interação da Hsp70-1A e da LbHsp90 com o domínio TPR da LbSGT. Em conjunto, as propriedades estruturais e funcionais da LbSGT observadas estão de acordo com a possível função da SGT como proteína adaptadora entre os sistemas Hsp70 e Hsp90 no foldossoma. / The molecular chaperones are active in many cellular processes involving protein folding and homeostasis. These characteristics make the chaperones potential targets to the treatment of many diseases. Hsp70 and Hsp90, in special, are highly conserved ubiquitous proteins that act in the folding of nascent proteins, protein aggregation prevention, aggregate recovering, signaling and cellular growth, among others. However, for these proteins to effectively fulfill their function, they must be modulated by molecular co-chaperones. SGT is a co-chaperone that can be divided into three domains: a N-terminal domain, a TPR domain and a C-terminal domain, being the TPR domain responsible for the interaction with the EEVD motif at the C-terminus of cytoplasmic Hsp90 and Hsp70. SGT is found in various organisms; among they are the protozoans of Leishmania spp.. These organisms are responsible for leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects thousands people every year, mainly at underdeveloped countries. Evidences indicate that SGT in protozoans are essential to the growth and viability of promastigote form. Therefore, the structural and functional study of the Leishmania braziliensis SGT (LbSGT) is presented. Recombinant LbSGT was produced and purified. The structural characterization points that LbSGT is rich in α-helix secondary structure and behaves as an elongated dimer in solution. Chemical and thermal stability data suggest that LbSGT is formed by domains of different stabilities. LbSGT was identified in vivo and the western blotting indicates its cognate presence in the protozoan promastigote forms. The interaction assays show that the interaction between LbSGT and Hsp90 of L. braziliensis (LbHsp90) or human Hsp70-1A (used as model protein) were different from the interaction between LbSGT with MEEVD peptide. Moreover, these data suggests that the interaction between LbSGT and Hsp70-1A and LbHsp90 involves additional protein regions besides the Hsp70-1A and LbHsp90 interaction motif. Altogether, the observed functional and structural proprieties of LbSGT accord to the SGT possible function as an adapter protein between the Hsp70 and Hsp90 systems in the foldossome.
29

Estudos da chaperona molecular Hsp70 mitocondrial humana - mortalina: elucidando aspectos estruturais e funcionais / Studies of HSP70 Mitochondrial human molecular Chaperone - Mortalin: Elucidating Structural and Functional Aspects

Silva, Paulo Roberto das Dores da 31 March 2015 (has links)
A Hsp70 mitocondrial humana (mtHsp70 ou mortalina) está envolvida em diversos processos celulares: na matriz mitocondrial atua na importação de proteínas produzidas no citoplasma; no citoplasma, pode atuar sequestrando a p53, estando assim envolvida na proliferação de alguns tipos de câncer. A literatura ainda aponta que a mortalina participa na manutenção de várias doenças causadas pelo envelhecimento, como mal de Parkinson e de Alzheimer. Desse modo, o estudo estrutural e a investigação das principais funções da mortalina in vivo e in vitro, além de sua interação com outras chaperonas e co-chaperonas é de grande relevância científica, podendo proporcionar um maior entendimento de seu papel celular e da maquinaria bioquímica nas doenças onde ela está inserida. Apesar de ser conhecida há bastante tempo, as tentativas de expressão heteróloga da mortalina recombinante resultam na sua produção na forma insolúvel, inviabilizando estudos estruturais e funcionas in vitro. Assim, as informações estruturais e funcionais desta proteína permaneceram limitadas até então. Em 2005, foi descrita uma co-chaperona da mortalina que atua auxiliando o seu enovelamento correto e em sua manutenção na fração solúvel, esta proteína mitocondrial foi denominada de hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) e por meio de sua co-expressão com a mortalina foi possível obter esta última na sua forma monomérica, solúvel e estável. Isso possibilitou realizar ensaios de caracterização estrutural e funcional da mortalina, sendo o foco principal deste trabalho de doutorado. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a mortalina se apresenta como um monômero ligeiramente alongado em solução, sendo formada por 2 domínios com estabilidades distintas. Os ensaios funcionais revelaram uma constante de dissociação (KD) para interação com nucleotídeos adenosina da ordem de 1 µM. A mortalina apresenta atividade ATPásica com valores de Vmáx e KM da ordem de 0,21 pmol de ATP por min e 190 ± 20 µM, respectivamente. Este trabalho é pioneiro na caracterização estruturale funcional da mortalina humana e espera-se que estudos posteriores, elucidem mais detalhedamente os mecanismos de interação da mortalina com proteínas clientes nos diversos compartimentos celulares onde ela atua. / The human mitochondrial Hsp70 (mtHsp70 or mortalina) is involved in many cellular processes: in the mitochondrion matrix, mortalin acts in the process of protein importation from cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm may act by sequestering p53, protein involved in the proliferation of some kinds of cancer. The literature also shows that mortalin participates in the maintenance of various diseases caused by aging, such as Parkinson\'s and Alzheimer\'s. Thus, the structural study and research of the main functions of mortalin in vivo and in vitro, and its interaction with other chaperones and co-chaperones is of great scientific importance and may provide a greater understanding of their role and cellular biochemical machinery in diseases where it is inserted. Despite being known for a long time, the expression of heterologous mortalin resulted in an insoluble form of the protein, which precludes its in vitro structural and functional studies. Thus, structural and functional information of this protein, along with its interaction with chaperones, co-chaperones and client proteins, remained unknown. By 2005, it was described co-chaperone that acts on mortalin helping its correct folding and its maintenance in the soluble fraction, this mitochondrial protein was called hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) and through its co-expression with mortalin it was possible to obtain the recombinant mortalin in its monomeric, soluble and stable. With this protein, it was possible to perform tests of structural and functional characterization of recombinant mortalin, the main focus of this doctoral work. The results suggest that mortalin behaves as a slightly elongated monomer in solution, formed by two domains with different stabilities. Functional assays showed that the dissociation constant for interaction with adenosine nucleotide of the order of 1 µM. Mortalin has ATPase activity with Vmax and KM values of 0.21 pmol ATP per min and 190 ± 20 µM, respectively. It is expected that these results provide information for further studies, such as for elucidating the mechanisms that mortalin interacts with client proteins in various cellular compartments in which it operates.
30

Estudo estrutural e funcional da co-chaperona SGT de Leishmania braziliensis / Structural and functional studies of the co-chaperone SGT of Leishmania braziliensis

Amanda Laís de Souza Coto 14 September 2016 (has links)
As chaperonas moleculares são ativas em muitos processos celulares envolvendo o enovelamento e a homeostase de proteínas. Essas características fazem das chaperonas alvos potenciais para o tratamento de diversas doenças. As Hsp70 e as Hsp90, em especial, são proteínas ubíquas altamente conservadas biologicamente que atuam no enovelamento de proteínas nascentes, prevenção da agregação proteica, recuperação de proteínas de agregados, sinalização e crescimento celular, dentre outros. Contudo, para que essas proteínas cumpram eficientemente suas funções, elas devem ser moduladas por co-chaperonas moleculares. A SGT é uma co-chaperona que pode ser dividida em três regiões: domínio N-terminal, domínio TPR e domínio C-terminal, sendo que a região do domínio TPR é a responsável pela interação com o motivo EEVD no C-terminal das Hsp90 e Hsp70 citoplasmáticas. A SGT é encontrada em vários organismos, dentre eles os protozoários do gênero Leishmania spp.. Estes organismos são responsáveis pela leishmaniose, uma doença negligenciada que afeta milhares de pessoas todos os anos, principalmente em países subdesenvolvidos. Evidências indicam que a SGT em protozoários é essencial para o crescimento e viabilidade da forma promastigota. Diante disso, nesse trabalho foi feito o estudo estrutural e funcional da co-chaperona SGT de Leishmania braziliensis (LbSGT). A LbSGT recombinante foi produzida e purificada. A caracterização estrutural indica que a LbSGT é uma proteína rica em estrutura secundária do tipo hélice α que se comporta como um dímero alongado em solução. Dados de estabilidade térmica e química indicam que a LbSGT é uma proteína formada por domínios com diferentes estabilidades. A LbSGT foi identificada in vivo e o western blotting indicou sua presença cognata nas formas promastigotas do protozoário. Os ensaios de interação indicam que as interações entre a LbSGT e a Hsp90 de L. braziliensis (LbHsp90) e a LbSGT e Hsp70-1A humana (usada como proteína modelo) são diferentes da interação da LbSGT com o peptídeo MEEVD. Sendo assim, esses dados sugerem que a interação da LbSGT com a Hsp70-1A e LbHsp90 envolvem mais regiões das proteínas do que somente o motivo de interação da Hsp70-1A e da LbHsp90 com o domínio TPR da LbSGT. Em conjunto, as propriedades estruturais e funcionais da LbSGT observadas estão de acordo com a possível função da SGT como proteína adaptadora entre os sistemas Hsp70 e Hsp90 no foldossoma. / The molecular chaperones are active in many cellular processes involving protein folding and homeostasis. These characteristics make the chaperones potential targets to the treatment of many diseases. Hsp70 and Hsp90, in special, are highly conserved ubiquitous proteins that act in the folding of nascent proteins, protein aggregation prevention, aggregate recovering, signaling and cellular growth, among others. However, for these proteins to effectively fulfill their function, they must be modulated by molecular co-chaperones. SGT is a co-chaperone that can be divided into three domains: a N-terminal domain, a TPR domain and a C-terminal domain, being the TPR domain responsible for the interaction with the EEVD motif at the C-terminus of cytoplasmic Hsp90 and Hsp70. SGT is found in various organisms; among they are the protozoans of Leishmania spp.. These organisms are responsible for leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects thousands people every year, mainly at underdeveloped countries. Evidences indicate that SGT in protozoans are essential to the growth and viability of promastigote form. Therefore, the structural and functional study of the Leishmania braziliensis SGT (LbSGT) is presented. Recombinant LbSGT was produced and purified. The structural characterization points that LbSGT is rich in α-helix secondary structure and behaves as an elongated dimer in solution. Chemical and thermal stability data suggest that LbSGT is formed by domains of different stabilities. LbSGT was identified in vivo and the western blotting indicates its cognate presence in the protozoan promastigote forms. The interaction assays show that the interaction between LbSGT and Hsp90 of L. braziliensis (LbHsp90) or human Hsp70-1A (used as model protein) were different from the interaction between LbSGT with MEEVD peptide. Moreover, these data suggests that the interaction between LbSGT and Hsp70-1A and LbHsp90 involves additional protein regions besides the Hsp70-1A and LbHsp90 interaction motif. Altogether, the observed functional and structural proprieties of LbSGT accord to the SGT possible function as an adapter protein between the Hsp70 and Hsp90 systems in the foldossome.

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