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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

THE BIOPHYSICAL HINDRANCE ON MORTALIN FUNCTION FROM EVEN-PLUS SYNDROME MUTATIONS AND MODIFIED ADP ANALOG INHIBITORS

Moseng, Mitchell A. 19 July 2019 (has links)
No description available.
2

Estudos da interação entre a mortalina humana e as duas isoformas das co-chaperonas GrpEs / Interaction studies between human mortalin and its two co-chaperones GrpEs isoforms

Yoshida, Leonardo 28 March 2019 (has links)
As Hsp70 são proteínas centrais no sistema de homeostasia proteica da célula. Pelo fato delas estarem envolvidas em uma grande variedade de processos relacionados ao enovelamento correto das proteínas, elas estão envolvidas em processos como envelhecimento, doenças degenerativas, como Alzheimer, e alguns tipos de câncer. Uma das etapas essenciais no seu ciclo funcional é a troca de ADP por ATP, um processo que é acelerado pelos fatores de troca de nucleotídeos (NEFs) que, em bactérias e mitocôndrias, correspondem à proteína GrpE. Por razões ainda não bem compreendidas, duas isoformas estão presentes nas mitocôndrias de humanos, a GRPEL1 e a GRPEL2. Pouco se sabe da dinâmica da interação destas com a Hsp70 mitocondrial de humanos (mortalina) porque havia uma dificuldade em se obter esta proteína na sua forma solúvel e funcional (atualmente superada). Dessa forma, o presente trabalho de pesquisa busca caracterizar os aspectos bioquímicos e biofísicos dessas proteínas junto à mortalina, visando compreender a dinâmica da interação entre elas, contribuir para a elucidação da rede de interações das Hsp70 e compreender o porquê de 2 isoformas estarem presentes em mamíferos. Para isto, ensaios in vitro das proteínas mortalina, GRPEL1 e GRPEL2 recombinantes foram realizados. Elas foram expressas e purificadas por cromatografia de afinidade ao Ni2+ e gel filtração. As GrpEs tiveram seus graus de pureza e enovelamento correto avaliadas por SDS-PAGE e dicroísmo circular. Suas estruturas terciárias e quaternárias foram avaliadas através da cromatografia de exclusão molecular analítica e do crosslinking químico. Com as proteínas tendo sido purificadas, ensaios de interação molecular foram realizados através do pulldown, do ITC e, adicionalmente, foram feitos ensaios de agregação para investigar um possível papel das GrpEs no processo de agregação térmica da mortalina. Todas as proteínas puderam ser obtidas solúveis e com alto grau de pureza. Os ensaios de pulldown validaram a interação entre a mortalina e as GrpEs, mas essas interações não foram detectadas no ITC. Por fim, não houveram evidências de que as GrpEs atuem no sentido de prevenir a agregação térmica da mortalina. / Hsp70 are proteins that play a central role in cellular protein homeostasis. Because they are involved in a variety of processes related to protein folding, they are also involved in processes such as aging, degenerative diseases like Alzheimer and certain types of cancer. One of the essential steps in the Hsp70 functional cycle is the exchange of ADP for ATP, a process accelerated by the nucleotide exchange factors (NEF´s) which, in bacteria and mitochondria, corresponds to GrpE protein. For reasons not well understood yet, two isoforms are present on human mitochondria, GRPEL1 and GRPEL2. Little is known about the dynamics of their interaction with human mitochondrial Hsp70 (mortalin) because it was difficult to produce this protein in its soluble and functional form (now overcome by co-expression strategies with one co-chaperone). That being said, the current research work seeks to characterize the biochemical and biophysical aspects of those proteins together with mortalin in order to comprehend the dynamics of their interaction, to contribute on the elucidation of the Hsp70 interaction network and to comprehend why two isoforms are present. For this, in vitro assays of the recombinant proteins mortalin, GRPEL1 and GRPEL2 were carried out. They were expressed and purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and gel filtration. Both GrpEs had their degree of purity and correct folding assessed by SDS-PAGE and circular dichroism. Their tertiary and quaternary structures were evaluated by analytical size exclusion chromatography and chemical crosslinking. Having the proteins being purified, molecular interactions assays were done with pulldown, ITC and, additionally, aggregation assays were carried out to investigate a possible role played by GrpEs in the thermal aggregation process of mortalin. All the proteins could be obtained soluble and with a high degree of purity. Pull-down assays validated the interaction between mortalin and GrpEs, but this interaction could not be detected by ITC. Lastly, there was no evidence that GrpEs acted out preventing the thermal aggregation process of mortalin.
3

Estudos da chaperona molecular Hsp70 mitocondrial humana - mortalina: elucidando aspectos estruturais e funcionais / Studies of HSP70 Mitochondrial human molecular Chaperone - Mortalin: Elucidating Structural and Functional Aspects

Silva, Paulo Roberto das Dores da 31 March 2015 (has links)
A Hsp70 mitocondrial humana (mtHsp70 ou mortalina) está envolvida em diversos processos celulares: na matriz mitocondrial atua na importação de proteínas produzidas no citoplasma; no citoplasma, pode atuar sequestrando a p53, estando assim envolvida na proliferação de alguns tipos de câncer. A literatura ainda aponta que a mortalina participa na manutenção de várias doenças causadas pelo envelhecimento, como mal de Parkinson e de Alzheimer. Desse modo, o estudo estrutural e a investigação das principais funções da mortalina in vivo e in vitro, além de sua interação com outras chaperonas e co-chaperonas é de grande relevância científica, podendo proporcionar um maior entendimento de seu papel celular e da maquinaria bioquímica nas doenças onde ela está inserida. Apesar de ser conhecida há bastante tempo, as tentativas de expressão heteróloga da mortalina recombinante resultam na sua produção na forma insolúvel, inviabilizando estudos estruturais e funcionas in vitro. Assim, as informações estruturais e funcionais desta proteína permaneceram limitadas até então. Em 2005, foi descrita uma co-chaperona da mortalina que atua auxiliando o seu enovelamento correto e em sua manutenção na fração solúvel, esta proteína mitocondrial foi denominada de hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) e por meio de sua co-expressão com a mortalina foi possível obter esta última na sua forma monomérica, solúvel e estável. Isso possibilitou realizar ensaios de caracterização estrutural e funcional da mortalina, sendo o foco principal deste trabalho de doutorado. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a mortalina se apresenta como um monômero ligeiramente alongado em solução, sendo formada por 2 domínios com estabilidades distintas. Os ensaios funcionais revelaram uma constante de dissociação (KD) para interação com nucleotídeos adenosina da ordem de 1 µM. A mortalina apresenta atividade ATPásica com valores de Vmáx e KM da ordem de 0,21 pmol de ATP por min e 190 ± 20 µM, respectivamente. Este trabalho é pioneiro na caracterização estruturale funcional da mortalina humana e espera-se que estudos posteriores, elucidem mais detalhedamente os mecanismos de interação da mortalina com proteínas clientes nos diversos compartimentos celulares onde ela atua. / The human mitochondrial Hsp70 (mtHsp70 or mortalina) is involved in many cellular processes: in the mitochondrion matrix, mortalin acts in the process of protein importation from cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm may act by sequestering p53, protein involved in the proliferation of some kinds of cancer. The literature also shows that mortalin participates in the maintenance of various diseases caused by aging, such as Parkinson\'s and Alzheimer\'s. Thus, the structural study and research of the main functions of mortalin in vivo and in vitro, and its interaction with other chaperones and co-chaperones is of great scientific importance and may provide a greater understanding of their role and cellular biochemical machinery in diseases where it is inserted. Despite being known for a long time, the expression of heterologous mortalin resulted in an insoluble form of the protein, which precludes its in vitro structural and functional studies. Thus, structural and functional information of this protein, along with its interaction with chaperones, co-chaperones and client proteins, remained unknown. By 2005, it was described co-chaperone that acts on mortalin helping its correct folding and its maintenance in the soluble fraction, this mitochondrial protein was called hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) and through its co-expression with mortalin it was possible to obtain the recombinant mortalin in its monomeric, soluble and stable. With this protein, it was possible to perform tests of structural and functional characterization of recombinant mortalin, the main focus of this doctoral work. The results suggest that mortalin behaves as a slightly elongated monomer in solution, formed by two domains with different stabilities. Functional assays showed that the dissociation constant for interaction with adenosine nucleotide of the order of 1 µM. Mortalin has ATPase activity with Vmax and KM values of 0.21 pmol ATP per min and 190 ± 20 µM, respectively. It is expected that these results provide information for further studies, such as for elucidating the mechanisms that mortalin interacts with client proteins in various cellular compartments in which it operates.
4

Estudos da chaperona molecular Hsp70 mitocondrial humana - mortalina: elucidando aspectos estruturais e funcionais / Studies of HSP70 Mitochondrial human molecular Chaperone - Mortalin: Elucidating Structural and Functional Aspects

Paulo Roberto das Dores da Silva 31 March 2015 (has links)
A Hsp70 mitocondrial humana (mtHsp70 ou mortalina) está envolvida em diversos processos celulares: na matriz mitocondrial atua na importação de proteínas produzidas no citoplasma; no citoplasma, pode atuar sequestrando a p53, estando assim envolvida na proliferação de alguns tipos de câncer. A literatura ainda aponta que a mortalina participa na manutenção de várias doenças causadas pelo envelhecimento, como mal de Parkinson e de Alzheimer. Desse modo, o estudo estrutural e a investigação das principais funções da mortalina in vivo e in vitro, além de sua interação com outras chaperonas e co-chaperonas é de grande relevância científica, podendo proporcionar um maior entendimento de seu papel celular e da maquinaria bioquímica nas doenças onde ela está inserida. Apesar de ser conhecida há bastante tempo, as tentativas de expressão heteróloga da mortalina recombinante resultam na sua produção na forma insolúvel, inviabilizando estudos estruturais e funcionas in vitro. Assim, as informações estruturais e funcionais desta proteína permaneceram limitadas até então. Em 2005, foi descrita uma co-chaperona da mortalina que atua auxiliando o seu enovelamento correto e em sua manutenção na fração solúvel, esta proteína mitocondrial foi denominada de hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) e por meio de sua co-expressão com a mortalina foi possível obter esta última na sua forma monomérica, solúvel e estável. Isso possibilitou realizar ensaios de caracterização estrutural e funcional da mortalina, sendo o foco principal deste trabalho de doutorado. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a mortalina se apresenta como um monômero ligeiramente alongado em solução, sendo formada por 2 domínios com estabilidades distintas. Os ensaios funcionais revelaram uma constante de dissociação (KD) para interação com nucleotídeos adenosina da ordem de 1 µM. A mortalina apresenta atividade ATPásica com valores de Vmáx e KM da ordem de 0,21 pmol de ATP por min e 190 ± 20 µM, respectivamente. Este trabalho é pioneiro na caracterização estruturale funcional da mortalina humana e espera-se que estudos posteriores, elucidem mais detalhedamente os mecanismos de interação da mortalina com proteínas clientes nos diversos compartimentos celulares onde ela atua. / The human mitochondrial Hsp70 (mtHsp70 or mortalina) is involved in many cellular processes: in the mitochondrion matrix, mortalin acts in the process of protein importation from cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm may act by sequestering p53, protein involved in the proliferation of some kinds of cancer. The literature also shows that mortalin participates in the maintenance of various diseases caused by aging, such as Parkinson\'s and Alzheimer\'s. Thus, the structural study and research of the main functions of mortalin in vivo and in vitro, and its interaction with other chaperones and co-chaperones is of great scientific importance and may provide a greater understanding of their role and cellular biochemical machinery in diseases where it is inserted. Despite being known for a long time, the expression of heterologous mortalin resulted in an insoluble form of the protein, which precludes its in vitro structural and functional studies. Thus, structural and functional information of this protein, along with its interaction with chaperones, co-chaperones and client proteins, remained unknown. By 2005, it was described co-chaperone that acts on mortalin helping its correct folding and its maintenance in the soluble fraction, this mitochondrial protein was called hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) and through its co-expression with mortalin it was possible to obtain the recombinant mortalin in its monomeric, soluble and stable. With this protein, it was possible to perform tests of structural and functional characterization of recombinant mortalin, the main focus of this doctoral work. The results suggest that mortalin behaves as a slightly elongated monomer in solution, formed by two domains with different stabilities. Functional assays showed that the dissociation constant for interaction with adenosine nucleotide of the order of 1 µM. Mortalin has ATPase activity with Vmax and KM values of 0.21 pmol ATP per min and 190 ± 20 µM, respectively. It is expected that these results provide information for further studies, such as for elucidating the mechanisms that mortalin interacts with client proteins in various cellular compartments in which it operates.
5

The Role of Chaperones in Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biogenesis

Luo, Wen-I January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
6

Mortalin plays a protective role in cell survival through the regulation of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 pathway during mouse embryonic development / Etude de Mortalin dans la régulation de la voie de signalisation PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 au cours du développement embryonnaire de la souris

Frisdal, Aude 30 May 2014 (has links)
Le développement cranio-facial est un processus complexe qui implique interactions tissulaires et différenciations cellulaires. La façon dont ces processus sont coordonnés lors de l'embryogenèse reste évasive. Perturber ce développement coordonné provoque un large éventail de malformations. Afin de trouver de nouveaux gènes impliqués dans le développement de la tête, un criblage phénotypique a été réalisé par mutagenèse. L'une des lignées de souris obtenues montre des malformations au niveau des arches pharyngées (AP), qui sont les précurseurs de la tête. Ces mutants meurent à mi gestation, due à des problèmes vasculaires. La mutation ponctuelle générée a été localisé dans le gène Mortalin. Mon travail de thèse vise à comprendre comment Mortalin contrôle le développement embryonnaire. Mortalin est exprimée de manière ubiquitaire, puis son expression augmente au niveau des AP, dans les tissus musculaires et nerveux. Pour déterminer les mécanismes moléculaires affectées chez ce mutant, un profil d'expression génique a révélé l'induction de gènes impliqués dans la réponse au stress du réticulum endoplasmique (RE), appelée UPR, dont le rôle est de rétablir l'homéostasie du RE. Mortalin est impliqué dans le contrôle de l'UPR en interagissant avec BiP, un régulateur direct de cette voie. L'activation soutenue de l'UPR entraîne l'apoptose, ce que nous observons chez nos mutants. De plus, l'analyse du cycle cellulaire indique que la phase S est plus longue chez le mutant, suggérant que Mortalin régule le cycle cellulaire. Ainsi, l'ensemble des données suggère que Mortalin est nécessaire pour la survie des cellules au cours du développement. / The development of the head is a complex process that involves tissue interaction and cellular differentiation. Precisely how these processes are coordinated during embryogenesis remains elusive. Disruption of this coordinated development causes a wide range of malformations. In order to find new genes involved in the development of the head, a phenotype-driven ENU screen was performed. One of the mouse lines generated exhibits small pharyngeal arches (PAs), which are the main precursors of the head. Mutant embryos die around mid-gestation, most likely as a result of defective vasculature. We mapped the ENU-mediated point mutation within Mortalin. My thesis work aims to understand how Mortalin controls embryonic development. Mortalin is ubiquitously expressed before mid-gestation. Then its expression increases in the PAs and cranial ganglia. In older embryos, mortalin is expressed in muscle and nervous tissue. To determine which molecular mechanisms are affected in the mutant, gene expression profil revealed the induction of genes involved in the response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, called UPR. The role of the UPR is to restore homeostasis in the ER. I found that Mortalin regulates the UPR by interacting with BiP, a direct regulator of this pathway. Sustained activation of UPR leads to apoptosis, which is observed in our mutant. Cell cycle has been analyzed to investigate the cause of the reduced embryonic size in our mutant. The length of the S phase was found longer in the mutant, indicating that Mortalin also regulates cell cycle. All together, these data suggest that Mortalin is required for cell survival during development, in part by controlling the UPR.

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