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Distonia focal é uma desordem neurológica do movimento que pode ser altamente incapacitante afetando de maneira importante a vida, carreira professional e práticas interpretativas dos músicos. Segundo pesquisas a distonia focal pode manifestar-se em até 1% dos músicos. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa foi investigar as estratégias de estudo utilizadas por três músicos profissionais com distonia focal (dois flautistas e um violinista). Adicionalmente se realizou um auto relato, no qual o autor (que também sofre da doença) descreve e analisa seu processo, focalizando-se nos mesmos aspectos investigados nas entrevistas. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com a literatura sobre o tema, a experiência pessoal do autor e com as respostas proporcionadas por um músico, neurologista e especialista em distonia focal (por meio de uma outra entrevista). A coleta de dados dos participantes foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos apontam que o uso das estratégias de estudo é variado e individualizado conforme: as características particulares de cada caso, gravidade da doença, instrumento interpretado, o processo pessoal com a doença, as expectativas pessoais, etc. Porém, a pesquisa destaca a importância da terapia física para desenvolver novas habilidades motoras interpretativas e também a utilização de terapia psicológica para reduzir os níveis de ansiedade no estabelecimento de uma nova relação com o instrumento. Dentre as estratégias musicais encontradas para lidar com a doença estão: adequações no repertorio de estudo, práticas musicais paralelas e modificações no instrumento. / Focal dystonia is a neurological movement disorder that can be highly incapable, affecting life, professional career and music performing. According to studies, up to 1% of musicians can be affected. The principal objective of this research was to explore the study methodologies used by three professional musicians with focal dystonia. Additionally a selfreport developed by the author (who also is affected by disease) narrates and analyze his personal process focusing on the same aspects that are investigated in the interviews. Data was collected from participants using semi-structured interviews. The results were compared with academic publications, personal experience of the author and with answers given by a musician, neurologist and specialist in focal dystonia, (collected in another interview). Part of the data is the Self- report, where the author presents its personal process with focal dystonia, based on self-observation, motor re-learning and Alexander Technique. The results obtained highlighted that the use of methodological studies diverse and personalized, according to particular characteristics of each case (the state of the disease, the instrument played by the musician, the personal process, recovery expectations, etc.). However, in general, the following aspects were founded: physical therapy, for constructing new motor patterns and psychological therapy to reduce the levels of anxiety and begin to establish a new relationship with the instrument. Among musical methodologies to face disease the following are included: adjustments in the musical repertory, parallel musical practice and instrument modifications.

Disorders of brain bloodstream, the most serious of which is stroke, take the third place of death causes. Restoration of limb functions for the patients after the brain stroke requires much time and efforts. As a result, this experiment involved the motor relearning programme of Carr J. and Shepherd R. as an adaptive physical activity along with the traditional kinesitherapy. The main focus of the motor relearning programme is training and learning as the patient actively participates in the treatment process. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the effect of the motor relearning programme on the people after the brain stroke to restore limb functions. The tasks of the paper are the following: 1. To evaluate the functional limb condition of patients after the brain stroke before the application of treatment methods. 2. To evaluate the functional limb condition after the application of treatment methods. 3. To evaluate the efficiency of the motor relearning programme. 4. To determine the influence of age on the alterations of limb functions for the patients after the brain stroke. The quantitative experiment was performed in the neurological department of Šiauliai Hospital. Experimental group was composed of 60 patients with affected upper extremity. The adaptive physical activity was applied to the present patients in order to restore the functions of their affected upper extremities along with the traditional kinesitherapy. 60 patients composed auditorial group and the... [to full text]

Distonia focal é uma desordem neurológica do movimento que pode ser altamente incapacitante afetando de maneira importante a vida, carreira professional e práticas interpretativas dos músicos. Segundo pesquisas a distonia focal pode manifestar-se em até 1% dos músicos. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa foi investigar as estratégias de estudo utilizadas por três músicos profissionais com distonia focal (dois flautistas e um violinista). Adicionalmente se realizou um auto relato, no qual o autor (que também sofre da doença) descreve e analisa seu processo, focalizando-se nos mesmos aspectos investigados nas entrevistas. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com a literatura sobre o tema, a experiência pessoal do autor e com as respostas proporcionadas por um músico, neurologista e especialista em distonia focal (por meio de uma outra entrevista). A coleta de dados dos participantes foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos apontam que o uso das estratégias de estudo é variado e individualizado conforme: as características particulares de cada caso, gravidade da doença, instrumento interpretado, o processo pessoal com a doença, as expectativas pessoais, etc. Porém, a pesquisa destaca a importância da terapia física para desenvolver novas habilidades motoras interpretativas e também a utilização de terapia psicológica para reduzir os níveis de ansiedade no estabelecimento de uma nova relação com o instrumento. Dentre as estratégias musicais encontradas para lidar com a doença estão: adequações no repertorio de estudo, práticas musicais paralelas e modificações no instrumento. / Focal dystonia is a neurological movement disorder that can be highly incapable, affecting life, professional career and music performing. According to studies, up to 1% of musicians can be affected. The principal objective of this research was to explore the study methodologies used by three professional musicians with focal dystonia. Additionally a selfreport developed by the author (who also is affected by disease) narrates and analyze his personal process focusing on the same aspects that are investigated in the interviews. Data was collected from participants using semi-structured interviews. The results were compared with academic publications, personal experience of the author and with answers given by a musician, neurologist and specialist in focal dystonia, (collected in another interview). Part of the data is the Self- report, where the author presents its personal process with focal dystonia, based on self-observation, motor re-learning and Alexander Technique. The results obtained highlighted that the use of methodological studies diverse and personalized, according to particular characteristics of each case (the state of the disease, the instrument played by the musician, the personal process, recovery expectations, etc.). However, in general, the following aspects were founded: physical therapy, for constructing new motor patterns and psychological therapy to reduce the levels of anxiety and begin to establish a new relationship with the instrument. Among musical methodologies to face disease the following are included: adjustments in the musical repertory, parallel musical practice and instrument modifications.

Distonia focal é uma desordem neurológica do movimento que pode ser altamente incapacitante afetando de maneira importante a vida, carreira professional e práticas interpretativas dos músicos. Segundo pesquisas a distonia focal pode manifestar-se em até 1% dos músicos. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa foi investigar as estratégias de estudo utilizadas por três músicos profissionais com distonia focal (dois flautistas e um violinista). Adicionalmente se realizou um auto relato, no qual o autor (que também sofre da doença) descreve e analisa seu processo, focalizando-se nos mesmos aspectos investigados nas entrevistas. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com a literatura sobre o tema, a experiência pessoal do autor e com as respostas proporcionadas por um músico, neurologista e especialista em distonia focal (por meio de uma outra entrevista). A coleta de dados dos participantes foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos apontam que o uso das estratégias de estudo é variado e individualizado conforme: as características particulares de cada caso, gravidade da doença, instrumento interpretado, o processo pessoal com a doença, as expectativas pessoais, etc. Porém, a pesquisa destaca a importância da terapia física para desenvolver novas habilidades motoras interpretativas e também a utilização de terapia psicológica para reduzir os níveis de ansiedade no estabelecimento de uma nova relação com o instrumento. Dentre as estratégias musicais encontradas para lidar com a doença estão: adequações no repertorio de estudo, práticas musicais paralelas e modificações no instrumento. / Focal dystonia is a neurological movement disorder that can be highly incapable, affecting life, professional career and music performing. According to studies, up to 1% of musicians can be affected. The principal objective of this research was to explore the study methodologies used by three professional musicians with focal dystonia. Additionally a selfreport developed by the author (who also is affected by disease) narrates and analyze his personal process focusing on the same aspects that are investigated in the interviews. Data was collected from participants using semi-structured interviews. The results were compared with academic publications, personal experience of the author and with answers given by a musician, neurologist and specialist in focal dystonia, (collected in another interview). Part of the data is the Self- report, where the author presents its personal process with focal dystonia, based on self-observation, motor re-learning and Alexander Technique. The results obtained highlighted that the use of methodological studies diverse and personalized, according to particular characteristics of each case (the state of the disease, the instrument played by the musician, the personal process, recovery expectations, etc.). However, in general, the following aspects were founded: physical therapy, for constructing new motor patterns and psychological therapy to reduce the levels of anxiety and begin to establish a new relationship with the instrument. Among musical methodologies to face disease the following are included: adjustments in the musical repertory, parallel musical practice and instrument modifications.