This thesis deals with the occurrence of microplastics in water, the reasons for their potential elimination, and the possibilities leading to that. More specifically, it focuses on flotation as a process for removing microplastics from water. Flotation is further described from a theoretical point of view and its mathematical model is developed. The wettability of selected polymers is measured. The experiment performed to determine the efficiency of flotation as a process of treating water from microplastics is described. This efficiency is further compared to measured wettability.

Introduction of this thesis is dedicated to the description of basic concepts and algorithms for image processing using sparse representation. Furthermore there is mentioned neural network model called Restricted Boltzmann machine, which is in the practical part of the thesis subject of behaving observation in the task of determining the optimal block size for extrapolation using K-SVD algorithm

Land surfaces have changed as a result of human and natural processes, such asdeforestation, urbanization, desertification and natural disasters like wildfires. Land use and landcover change impacts local and regional climates through various bio geophysical processes acrossmany time scales. More realistic representation of land surface parameters within the land surfacemodels are essential to for climate models to accurately simulate the effects of past, current andfuture land surface processes. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity and accuracy of theWeather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model though the default MODIS land cover data andannually updated land cover data over southeast of United States. Findings of this study indicatedthat the land surface fluxes, and moisture simulations are more sensitive to the surfacecharacteristics over the southeast US. Consequently, we evaluated the WRF temperature andprecipitation simulations with more accurate observations of land surface parameters over thestudy area. We evaluate the model performance for the default and updated land cover simulationsagainst observational datasets. Results of the study showed that updating land cover resulted insubstantial variations in surface heat fluxes and moisture balances. Despite updated land use andland cover data provided more representative land surface characteristics, the WRF simulated 2- m temperature and precipitation did not improved due to use of updated land cover data. Further,we conducted machine learning experiments to post-process the Noah-MP land surface modelsimulations to determine if post processing the model outputs can improve the land surfaceparameters. The results indicate that the Noah-MP simulations using machine learning remarkablyimproved simulation accuracy and gradient boosting, and random forest model had smaller meanerror bias values and larger coefficient of determination over the majority of stations. Moreover,the findings of the current study showed that the accuracy of surface heat flux simulations byNoah-MP are influenced by land cover and vegetation type.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), defined as deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism is the second leading cause of mortality in cancer patients, second only to cancer itself. A number of reports suggest that circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be increased in cancer patients with VTE. The aim of this study was to examine circulating EVs in high-risk ambulatory cancer patients, determine if levels are associated with hematological outcomes (VTE, major bleeding event), and to assess the impact of prophylactic antithrombotic therapy (Apixaban). We hypothesized that elevated levels of circulating large EVs will be predictive of cancer associated VTE and/or bleeding events and that treatment with Apixaban will reduce EV levels and incidence of cancer VTE. Plasma samples from patients at baseline, and 90-days follow-up from the Apixaban for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in High-Risk Ambulatory Cancer patients (AVERT) trial were investigated. Total EVs were quantified by their pro-coagulant activity using the Zymuphen MP-Activity kit. Platelet, endothelial and tissue-factor EV levels were quantified by flow cytometry. We observed that circulating EVs exhibited significant associations with sex, age, and cancer type, however we did not observe any relationships with clinical outcomes. Thus, it appears that circulating EVs may not have a role in risk stratification for VTE in in high-risk ambulatory cancer patients.

科学研究費補助金 研究種目:一般研究(C) 課題番号:05660116 研究代表者:大澤 俊彦 研究期間:1993-1994年度

In order to explore further the capabilities of parallel computing architectures such as grids, clusters, multi-processors and more recently, clouds and multi-cores, an easy-to-use parallel language is an important challenging issue. From the programmer's point of view, OpenMP is very easy to use with its ability to support incremental parallelization, features for dynamically setting the number of threads and scheduling strategies. However, as initially designed for shared memory systems, OpenMP is usually limited on distributed memory systems to intra-nodes' computations. Many attempts have tried to port OpenMP on distributed systems. The most emerged approaches mainly focus on exploiting the capabilities of a special network architecture and therefore cannot provide an open solution. Others are based on an already available software solution such as DMS, MPI or Global Array and, as a consequence, they meet difficulties to become a fully-compliant and high-performance implementation of OpenMP. As yet another attempt to built an OpenMP compliant implementation for distributed memory systems, CAPE − which stands for Checkpointing Aide Parallel Execution − has been developed which with the following idea: when reaching a parallel section, the master thread is dumped and its image is sent to slaves; then, each slave executes a different thread; at the end of the parallel section, slave threads extract and return to the master thread the list of all modifications that has been locally performed; the master includes these modifications and resumes its execution. In order to prove the feasibility of this paradigm, the first version of CAPE was implemented using complete checkpoints. However, preliminary analysis showed that the large amount of data transferred between threads and the extraction of the list of modifications from complete checkpoints lead to weak performance. Furthermore, this version was restricted to parallel problems satisfying the Bernstein's conditions, i.e. it did not solve the requirements of shared data. This thesis aims at presenting the approaches we proposed to improve CAPE' performance and to overcome the restrictions on shared data. First, we developed DICKPT which stands for Discontinuous Incremental Checkpointing, an incremental checkpointing technique that supports the ability to save incremental checkpoints discontinuously during the execution of a process. Based on the DICKPT, the execution speed of the new version of CAPE was significantly increased. For example, the time to compute a large matrix-matrix product on a desktop cluster has become very similar to the execution time of the same optimized MPI program. Moreover, the speedup associated with this new version for various number of threads is quite linear for different problem sizes. In the side of shared data, we proposed UHLRC, which stands for Updated Home-based Lazy Release Consistency, a modified version of the Home-based Lazy Release Consistency (HLRC) memory model, to make it more appropriate to the characteristics of CAPE. Prototypes and algorithms to implement the synchronization and OpenMP data-sharing clauses and directives are also specified. These two works ensures the ability for CAPE to respect shared-data behavior

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-04-04T13:36:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_Mestrado_(Andre E. Poroca Lins)_Final.pdf: 64666922 bytes, checksum: 584e69803acfdd0b31e2b58094eb9b6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T13:36:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_Mestrado_(Andre E. Poroca Lins)_Final.pdf: 64666922 bytes, checksum: 584e69803acfdd0b31e2b58094eb9b6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-28 / Os materiais com óxido de zinco vêm passando por um rápido desenvolvimento devido as suas potenciais aplicações em uma ampla variedade de áreas tecnológicas, tais como eletrônica, catálise, cerâmica, fotodetectores, sensores, células solares, entre outras. Porém, torna-se fundamental o estudo das propriedades, condições de síntese e aplicações. Um material que vem se destacando devido as suas propriedades mecânicas, elétricas, magnéticas, ópticas e químicas é o óxido de zinco (ZnO). No óxido de zinco tais propriedades dependem principalmente do tamanho e morfologia de suas partículas. O avanço no desenvolvimento de materiais com óxido de zinco vem recebendo bastante destaque no meio científico e se tornando de fundamental importância devido à interdisciplinaridade entre vários campos da ciência, e por permitir a obtenção de novos materiais com melhores propriedades físicas e químicas. O objetivo principal desse trabalho é produzir um compósito de matriz de alumínio AA1100, reforçado com material cerâmico, o óxido de zinco (ZnO), utilizando o processo de metalurgia do pó e técnica de moagem de alta energia. Para tanto, utilizou-se a caracterização por microscopia ótica (MO), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios X (DRX) e difração a laser para avaliar as características do compósito, além de verificar as propriedades mecânicas inerentes e constatar a superioridade em relação a materiais produzidos de forma convencional. No primeiro momento é feita a avaliação da mistura dos pós produzidos, segundo variação percentual do reforço e tempo de processamento, com o objetivo de obter dados iniciais. Em seguida, é feito o processamento das misturas dos pós para compactação e sinterização; visando obter pastilhas do compósito, nas quais serão feitas ensaios e caracterização microestrutural, e por fim avaliação de resultados e conclusões. / The zinc oxide composites materials are undergoing rapid development due to their potential applications in a wide variety of technological areas such as electronics, catalysis, ceramics, photodetectors, sensors, solar cells, among others. However, it is fundamental the studies of the properties, synthesis conditions and applications. A material that has been highlighted due to its mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical and chemical properties is the zinc oxide (ZnO). In zinc oxide such properties mainly depend on the size and morphology of the particles. The technological progress in the development of materials with zinc oxide has been receiving a lot of attention in the scientific community and becoming of paramount importance due to several interdisciplinary fields of science, and for allowing the obtaining of new materials with improved physical and chemical properties. The main objective of this work is to produce matrix composites of aluminum alloy AA1100, reinforced with ceramic material, the zinc oxide (ZnO), the process of using powder metallurgy technique and high energy milling. For this we used the characterization by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD, and laser diffraction to evaluate and compare the features of composite, besides checking the mechanical properties and see the inherent superiority over conventionally produced material. At first assessment is made of the mixture of powders produced according to percentage change in the reinforcement and processing time, in order to obtain initial data. Then the processing is done mixtures of powders for compaction and sintering, to obtain tablets composite in which are made tests and microstructural characterization, and ultimately evaluating the results and conclusions.

This thesis describes the design of a condensing steam turbine with reheating for fossil power plant. The turbine is a double parts. The first casing is formed by a simple HP casing. The second casing is combined MP-LP casing with axial outlet of steam into the water-cooled condenser. Feedwater regeneration system consists of two high-pressure heaters, the four low-pressure heaters and feed tank. In thesis is includes the calculation of heat balance and the draft of flow channel of HP and MP-LP casing. Next is a detailed calculation of MP-LP casing with includes calculation of flowing part, selection of blade´s profiles and its stress control. Rotor MP-LP casing is checked for torsion and computed size of the critical speed. Clutch is ispected by security check and draft radial bearings. Stress control casing is carried out according to the theory of thick shells. Work includes flow scheme for 100% and 75% performance. In the end is comparing the efficiency of the individual casing of the turbine with the work 3b together with the specific heat consumption. Work includes a longitudinal section of the MP-LP casing. This thesis has been developed in cooperation Škoda Power, Doosan.

This thesis deals with design is condensing steam turbines burning fossil fuels with nominal capacity of the generator of 250 MW with steam reheating and regenerative eight uncontrolled extraction points. The turbine consists of two bodies: a combined high-intermediate pressure section and low pressure parts with dual way outlet down into the water-cooled condenser. Work includes calculating thermal scheme for 100% and 75% capacity, specific heat consumption calculation and design of the flow HP-MP body. Further strength control and basic engineering design of high-medium- work completed by longitudinal section. Achievements are at the end of work compared with work 3a and the conclusion summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the concept.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第12891号 / 論工博第4110号 / 新制||工||1611(附属図書館) / 31645 / (主査)教授 中北 英一, 教授 立川 康人, 准教授 KIM Sunmin / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM