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<p>U ovom radu je analiziran uticaj Vi&scaron;efrontalne metodologije na povećanje efikasnosti nastavnog procesa na tehničko-tehnolo&scaron;ki orijentisanim fakultetima. Sprovedeni eksperiment je pokazao da ova metodologija pozitivno utiče na ključne parameter kroz koje je moguće definisati efikasnost tako složenog procesa kao &scaron;to je nastava. Poseban akcenat je stavljen na faktor unutra&scaron;nje motivacije, za koji je takođe obrazložen eksperimentom uočen pozitivan uticaj koji ova metoda na njega ostvaruje. U radu su date preporuke za primenu ove metode u visokom &scaron;kolstvu. Uočene su potencijalne pote&scaron;koće u njenoj implementaciji, na osnovu čega su date preoruke za njeno unapređenje i adaptaciju za specifične uslove visokog &scaron;kolstva na tehničko-tehnolo&scaron;kim fakultetima.</p> / <p>In this disertation, the impact of Multi-frontal methodology on increasing the efficiency of the teaching process is analyzed in technically and technologically oriented faculties. The conducted experiments showed that this methodology positively influenced key parameters through which it is possible to define the efficiency of such a complicated process as teaching is. Special emphasis is placed on the inner motivation factor. It was noticed through experimentally conducted analysis that this methodology positively influenced this factor. The dissertation gives recommendations for the application of these methods in higher education. Potential difficulties in its implementation were observed, and recommendations were given for its improvement and adaptation to specific conditions of higher education in technical and technological universities.</p>

<p>NR 20140805</p>

This dissertation develops adaptive hp-Finite Element (FE) technology and a parallel sparse direct solver enabling the accurate modeling of the absorption of Electro-Magnetic (EM) energy in the human head. With a large and growing number of cell phone users, the adverse health effects of EM fields have raised public concerns. Most research that attempts to explain the relationship between exposure to EM fields and its harmful effects on the human body identifies temperature changes due to the EM energy as the dominant source of possible harm. The research presented here focuses on determining the temperature distribution within the human body exposed to EM fields with an emphasis on the human head. Major challenges in accurately determining the temperature changes lie in the dependence of EM material properties on the temperature. This leads to a formulation that couples the BioHeat Transfer (BHT) and Maxwell equations. The mathematical model is formed by the time-harmonic Maxwell equations weakly coupled with the transient BHT equation. This choice of equations reflects the relevant time scales. With a mobile device operating at a single frequency, EM fields arrive at a steady-state in the micro-second range. The heat sources induced by EM fields produce a transient temperature field converging to a steady-state distribution on a time scale ranging from seconds to minutes; this necessitates the transient formulation. Since the EM material properties depend upon the temperature, the equations are fully coupled; however, the coupling is realized weakly due to the different time scales for Maxwell and BHT equations. The BHT equation is discretized in time with a time step reflecting the thermal scales. After multiple time steps, the temperature field is used to determine the EM material properties and the time-harmonic Maxwell equations are solved. The resulting heat sources are recalculated and the process continued. Due to the weak coupling of the problems, the corresponding numerical models are established separately. The BHT equation is discretized with H¹ conforming elements, and Maxwell equations are discretized with H(curl) conforming elements. The complexity of the human head geometry naturally leads to the use of tetrahedral elements, which are commonly employed by unstructured mesh generators. The EM domain, including the head and a radiating source, is terminated by a Perfectly Matched Layer (PML), which is discretized with prismatic elements. The use of high order elements of different shapes and discretization types has motivated the development of a general 3D hp-FE code. In this work, we present new generic data structures and algorithms to perform adaptive local refinements on a hybrid mesh composed of different shaped elements. A variety of isotropic and anisotropic refinements that preserve conformity of discretization are designed. The refinement algorithms support one- irregular meshes with the constrained approximation technique. The algorithms are experimentally proven to be deadlock free. A second contribution of this dissertation lies with a new parallel sparse direct solver that targets linear systems arising from hp-FE methods. The new solver interfaces to the hierarchy of a locally refined mesh to build an elimination ordering for the factorization that reflects the h-refinements. By following mesh refinements, not only the computation of element matrices but also their factorization is restricted to new elements and their ancestors. The solver is parallelized by exploiting two-level task parallelism: tasks are first generated from a parallel post-order tree traversal on the assembly tree; next, those tasks are further refined by using algorithms-by-blocks to gain fine-grained parallelism. The resulting fine-grained tasks are asynchronously executed after their dependencies are analyzed. This approach effectively reduces scheduling overhead and increases flexibility to handle irregular tasks. The solver outperforms the conventional general sparse direct solver for a class of problems formulated by high order FEs. Finally, numerical results for a 3D coupled BHT with Maxwell equations are presented. The solutions of this Maxwell code have been verified using the analytic Mie series solutions. Starting with simple spherical geometry, parametric studies are conducted on realistic head models for a typical frequency band (900 MHz) of mobile phones. / text