Assembly line balancing problem is one of the most studied NP-Hard problems. NP-Hardness leads us to search for a good solution instead of the optimal solution especially for the big-size problems. Meta-heuristic algorithms are the search methods which are developed to find good solutions to the big-size and combinatorial problems. In this study, it is aimed at solving the multi-objective multi-model assembly line balancing problem of a company. A meta-heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the deterministic assembly line balancing problems. The algorithm developed is tested using the test problems in the literature and the the real life problem of the company as well. The results are analyzed and found to be promising and a solution is proposed for the firm.

In this study, a video tracker system for traffic monitoring and analysis is developed. This system is able to detect and track vehicles as they move through the camera&rsquo / s field of view. This provides to perform traffic analysis about the scene, which can be used to optimize traffic flows and identify potential accidents. The scene inspected in this study is assumed stationary to achieve high performance solution to the problem. This assumption provides to detect moving objects more accurately, as well as ability of collecting a-priori information about the scene. A new algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-vehicle tracking problem that can deal with problems such as occlusion, short period object lost or inaccurate object detection. Two different tracking methods are used together in the developed tracking system, namely, the multi-model Kalman tracker and the Markov scene partition tracker. By the combination of these vehicle trackers with the developed occlusion reasoning approach, the continuity of the track is achieved for situations such as target loss and occlusion. The developed system is a system that collects a-priori information about the junction and then used it for scene modeling in order to increase the performance of the tracking system. The proposed system is implemented on real-world image sequences. The simulation results demonstrates that, the proposed multi-vehicle tracking system is capable of tracking a target in a complex environment and able to overcome occlusion and inaccurate detection problems as well as abrupt changes in its trajectory.

Complex systems are designed using the model-based design paradigm in which mathematical models of systems are created and checked against specifications. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are complex systems in which the physical environment is sensed and controlled by computational or cyber elements possibly distributed over communication networks. Various aspects of CPS design such as physical dynamics, software, control, and communication networking must interoperate correctly for correct functioning of the systems. Modeling formalisms, analysis techniques and tools for designing these different aspects have evolved independently, and remain dissimilar and disparate. There is no unifying formalism in which one can model all these aspects equally well. Therefore, model-based design of CPS must make use of a collection of models in several different formalisms and use respective analysis methods and tools together to ensure correct system design. To enable doing this in a formal manner, this thesis develops a framework for multi-model verification of cyber-physical systems based on behavioral semantics. Heterogeneity arising from the different interacting aspects of CPS design must be addressed in order to enable system-level verification. In current practice, there is no principled approach that deals with this modeling heterogeneity within a formal framework. We develop behavioral semantics to address heterogeneity in a general yet formal manner. Our framework makes no assumptions about the specifics of any particular formalism, therefore it readily supports various formalisms, techniques and tools. Models can be analyzed independently in isolation, supporting separation of concerns. Mappings across heterogeneous semantic domains enable associations between analysis results. Interdependencies across different models and specifications can be formally represented as constraints over parameters and verification can be carried out in a semantically consistent manner. Composition of analysis results is supported both hierarchically across different levels of abstraction and structurally into interacting component models at a given level of abstraction. The theoretical concepts developed in the thesis are illustrated using a case study on the hierarchical heterogeneous verification of an automotive intersection collision avoidance system.

Magister Legum - LLM (Criminal Justice and Procedure) / Corruption is a global problem, which poses a serious threat to the development of countries and their people. Although its impact varies, all nations are facing the evils of corruption and, therefore, the international community calls upon states to take preventive and deterrent measures against corruption. For example, the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AU Convention) obligate their member states to have both legal and institutional frameworks for effectively fighting corruption.

As colunas depropanizadoras existentes nas refinarias de petróleo têm como função a separação entre as correntes de propano e butano. O objetivo de controle nestas colunas é a especificação de um teor máximo de iso-butano e mais pesados (C4 +) na corrente de propano e do teor máximo de propano e mais leves (C3 -) na corrente de butano. Controladores multivariáveis tradicionais, que normalmente são implementados nas colunas depropanizadoras, apresentam grande dificuldade para manter os produtos dentro de suas especificações, isto se deve ao fato de que este processo apresenta um comportamento bastante não-linear ao longo de toda sua região de operação. Neste trabalho temos como objetivo estudar as dificuldades encontradas no projeto de controle para esse tipo de sistema e implantar na planta industrial um controlador multivariável utilizando múltiplos modelos para controle da coluna. Para realizarmos este estudo utilizamos o simulador de processos HYSYSÔ para verificarmos o comportamento estático e dinâmico do processo. Os modelos utilizados para representar o processo são aqueles obtidos durante o estudo do comportamento dinâmico. Para implantação do controlador na unidade industrial é utilizado o SICON (Sistema de Controle da Petrobras) sendo algumas de suas rotinas modificadas para permitir a inclusão dos múltiplos modelos. Durante o estudo são comparadas as performances dos controladores QDMC e MMPC (Multi-Model Predictive Control) resolvido através de um algoritmo para NLP (Non Linear Programming). O controlador multimodelos (MMPC) é apresentado na forma de variáveis de estado podendo controlar sistemas de grande porte, inclusive sistemas com dinâmicas lentas e rápidas. Esta formulação permite prever as variáveis controladas em instantes de tempo esparsos e diferentes para cada controlada. O MMPC é capaz de tratar problemas de controle não-linear usando modelos lineares, introduzindo o conceito de robustez com a utilização do conjunto de modelos. O MMPC exige um menor esforço de sintonia que o QDMC sendo adequado para uma região mais ampla de operação. / Depropanizer columns are used in oil refineries for the separation of the propane stream from the butane stream. The control objective of these columns is the specification of a maximum content of iso-butane and heavier components (C4+) in the propane product and the maximum content of propane and lighter components (C3-) in the butane roduct. Multivariable controllers usually mplemented in depropanizer columns frequently resent great difficulty to maintain the products inside their specification ranges. This deficiency is due to the fact that the process presents a quite non-linear behavior along its operating window. The objective of the present work is to study the difficulties found in the design of the control system for the aforesaid process, and to implement in an industrial plant a multivariable controller using multiple models for the control of the separation column. To accomplish this study we used the HYSYSÔ process simulator to verify the static and dynamic behavior of the process. The models used to represent the real process in the controller are those obtained during the study of the dynamic behavior. The controller implementation in the industrial unit was done with SICON (Control System of Petrobras), which had some of its routines modified to allow the inclusion of multiple models. Along the work, performances of QDMC and MMPC(Multi-Model Predictive Control) controllers were compared. MMPC was solved through an algorithm for NLP (Non Linear Programming). The Multi-Model (MMPC) controller was implemented using a state space formulation which allows for the implementation of very large systems and besides, systems with simultaneous slow and fast dynamics. This formulation allows to foresee the controlled variables at sparse sample instants, that can be distinct for each controlled variable. MMPC is able to handle non-linear control problems using linear models by introducing the robustness concept with the use of a set of models. MMPC demands a smaller tuning effort than QDMC, and can be adapted to a wide range of operating conditions.

A presente tese tem por propósito contribuir para uma política de planejamento no campo da educação a distância (EAD). Para isto concebe uma proposta multi-modelo de referência lastreada na definição de estratégias em espectro de alta complexidade, que considera uma seqüência de procedimentos sistematizados nas seguintes fases: (i) Determinação das necessidades de informação, em duas etapas: (a) identificação dos fatores críticos de sucesso (FCS) e (b) identificação das áreas de informação; (ii) Determinação das competências, em três etapas: (a) determinação dos conhecimentos, (b) determinação das habilidades, e (c) determinação das atitudes; (iii) Determinação dos graus de avaliação de competências; (iv) Determinação das estratégias em redes de conhecimentos. Evidencia-se a aplicação a um estudo de caso nas concessões rodoviárias no Brasil, na perspectiva das parcerias público-privadas (PPPs). A consecução da pesquisa foi por meio da intervenção de especialistas e um grupo pequeno de estudantes de um programa de EAD (MBA) aplicado às PPPs. A coleta de dados foi por meio de um formulário semi-estruturado, do tipo escalar, em uma matriz de julgamento, com a intervenção de especialistas. Vários instrumentos de apoio foram utilizados na elaboração da modelagem, com vistas a reduzir a subjetividade dos resultados alcançados: escalagem psicométrica - Lei dos Julgamentos Categóricos de Thurstone (LJC), Multicriteriais-Compromise Programinng, Electre III, e Promethee II; Análise Multivariada; Krigagem, Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA); Redes Neurofuzzy. Os resultados produzidos mostraram-se satisfatórios, validando o procedimento proposto para EAD. Procedimento este, fundamental na definição de programas destinados para planejar a capacitação de recursos humanos a distância, bem como para a constituição de outros elementos do capital intelectual em políticas de EAD. / This thesis intends to contribute to the planning guidelines in the field of distance education (DE). Thus, it develops a multi-model reference proposal supported by the definition of a highly complex spectrum of strategies that considers a sequence of systematic procedures in the following phases: (i) Determining the information needs in two stages: (a) identification of the critical success factors (CSF), and (b) identification of the information areas; (ii) Determination of competences in three stages, determining: (a) knowledge, (b) skills, and (c) attitudes; (iii) Determination of the degree of competence evaluation; and (iv) Determination of strategies in knowledge networks. There is the application to a case study of the road concessions in Brazil, within the perspective of public-private partnerships (PPPs). The research was achieved through the intervention of specialists and a small group of students from a DE program (MBA) applied to the PPPs. The data collection was conducted by means of a semi-structured form, the scalar type in a trial matrix, to which experts ascribed their assessments. Several support instruments were used in the modeling elaboration in order to reduce subjectivity in the results: psychometric scales - Thurstones Law of Comparative Judgment (LCJ), Multi-criteria Compromise Programming, Electre III, and Promethee II; Multivariate Analysis; Krigage, Artificial Neural Networking (ANN); Neuro-fuzzy networks. The results produced are satisfactory, validating the proposed procedure for DE. This is an essential procedure for the definition of programs designed to plan the training of human resources at a distance, as well as to establish other elements of intellectual capital for DE guidelines.

Durante a operação de um controlador MPC, a planta pode ir para outro ponto de operação principalmente pela decisão operacional ou pela presença de perturbações medidas/não-medidas. Assim, o modelo do controlador deve ser adaptado para a nova condição de operação favorecendo o controle sob as novas condições. Desta forma, as condições ótimas de controle podem ser alcançadas com a maior quantidade de modelos identificados e com um controlador adaptativo que seja capaz de selecionar o melhor modelo. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma metodologia de controle adaptativo com identificação on-line do melhor modelo o qual pertence a um conjunto previamente levantado. A metodologia proposta considera um controlador em duas camadas e a excitação do processo através de um sinal GBN na camada de otimização com o controlador em malha fechada. Está sendo considerada a validação deste controlador adaptativo através da comparação dos resultados com duas diferentes técnicas Controlador MMPC e Identificação ARX, para a comprovação dos bons resultados desta metodologia. / During the operation of a MPC, the plant can change the operation point mainly due to management decision or due to the presence of measured or unmeasured disturbances. Thus, the model of the controller must be adapted to improve the control in the new operation conditions. In such a way, a better control policy can be achieved if a large number of models are identified at the possible operation points and it is available an adaptive controller that is capable of selecting the best model. In this work is presented a methodology of adaptive control with on-line identification of the most adequate model which belongs to a set of models previously obtained. The proposed methodology considers a two-layer controller and process excitation by a GBN signal in the LP optimization layer with the controller in closed loop mode. It is also presented the adaptive controller validation by comparing the proposed approach with two different techniques - MMPC and ARX Identification, to confirm the good results with this new methodology to the adaptive controller.

Le contexte économique actuel montre que la représentation et l'analyse des données dans l'espace 3D croît de plus en plus dans les Systèmes d'Information Géographique (SIG). Le nombre d'applications SIG est en constante augmentation dans de nombreux secteurs d'activités comme par exemple la Défense, l'Aménagement du Territoire ou  la Sécurité Civile. Cependant, nous voyons l'émergence d'une forte demande pour l'analyse 3D dans les SIG. Ces développements nécessitent une standardisation des structures de données et d'échanges. Cette démarche est réalisée par l'Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) et l'organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO). Une norme récente (ISO 19107:2003) décrit les objets complexes à prendre en compte et les traitements qu’il est possible de leur appliquer. Elle cherche à mettre en place l’interopérabilité des échanges et des analyses de données géométriques et topologiques dans les SIG. Actuellement aucune implémentation informatique complète de cette norme n’a été encore réalisée, compte tenu de son niveau d'abstraction. Une version simplifiée a toutefois été développée pour des objets uniquement 2D (ISO 19137:2007). Ce travail de thèse propose la modélisation et l’analyse d'objets complexes dans un espace tridimensionnel, et les traitements associés pour réaliser une première bibliothèque de fonctionnalités conforme à la norme ISO 19107. De plus, cette norme est actuellement portée en révision au sein du consortium OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium, www.opengeospatial.org) avec une nécessité de correction et d’évolution. Les travaux menés jusqu'à présent ont permis d’apporter une contribution pertinente avec l'ajout de nouvelles primitives géométriques, l'harmonisation de primitives par l'usage de courbes et surfaces paramétriques rationnelles. Les travaux sur cette norme ont permis également l’élaboration d'une application au sein de la société GEOMATYS, rendant possible la modélisation et l'analyse 3D d'un trafic aérien reposant sur des données SIG. / In the current economic context, the representation and the analysis of 3D data is growing more and more in the field of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The number of GIS applications is constantly increasing in many industries, such as Defense, Regional Development and Civil Security. However, we can point out the emergence of an important request for 3D analysis in GIS. These developments require a standardization of data and exchange structures. This is carried out by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A recent standard (ISO 19107:2003) describes the complex objects to be taken into consideration and the associated treatments that can be used. It aims to develop interoperable exchange and analysis of geometric and topological data in GIS. Currently, no complete implementation on a computer of this standard has been done yet, regarding the level of abstraction sought. However, a simplified version was exclusively developed for 2D objects (ISO 19137:2007). This thesis proposes the modeling and the analysis of complex objects in three dimensional space, with their associated treatments. The objective is to create a first library whose the features are conform to ISO19107. Moreover, this standard is currently under review within the OGC Consortium (Open Geospatial Consortium) with a need for correction and evolution. The work done until now have enabled us to make a meaningful contribution with the addition of new geometrical primitives, the harmonization of primitives through the use of rational parametric curves and surfaces. The works on this standard also allowed the development of an application within the GEOMATYS company, making possible the 3D modeling and analysis for traffic simulation based on GIS data.

<p>Prema novijim istraživanjima, kompleks Carassius auratusčini najmanje pet vrsta roda&nbsp; Carassius: Carassius carassius, Carassius auratus, Carassius langsdorfii, Carassius cuvieri i Carassius gibelio. Vrste ovog roda su morfolo&scaron;ki veoma slične i nemoguće ih je razlikovati na osnovu uobičajenih morfolo&scaron;kih karaktera, te su ranije&nbsp; sve determinisane kao Carassius auratus gibelio ili Carassius gibelio. Jedina vrsta koja se značajnije razlikuje je Carassius carassius.&nbsp; Smara se da su vrste ovog kompleksa unesene u Evropu iz Azije u 17. veku.</p><p>Najveći broj predstavnika kompleksa C. auratus je na teritoriji Evrope proteklih pedesetak godina determinisan je kao vrsta Carassius gibelio(C. auratus gibelio) (Bloch, 1783) (srebrni kara&scaron; ili babu&scaron;ka). S obzirom da su pripadnici ovog kompleksa registrovani u većini vodotokova Evrope, smatraju se najuspe&scaron;nijom invazivnom grupom slatkovodnih riba. Zbog svojih biolo&scaron;kih odlika (brz rast, različiti vidovi razmnožavanja, izuzetna otpornost na nepovoljne uslove) ove vrste veoma brzo postaju kompetitivne autohtonoj ihtiofauni za hranu i stani&scaron;te i neretko imaju izuzetno negativan uticaj na celokupan ekosistem koji nasele.</p><p>U ovoj disertaciji prvi put je izvr&scaron;ena identifikacija vrsta kompleksa Carassius auratus na teritoriji Vojvodine i peripanonske oblasti primenom specifičnih genetičkih markera (dela sekvence cytb gena). Primenom linearne i geometrijske morfometrije ispitivana je morfolo&scaron;ka varijabilnost različitih morfolo&scaron;kih celina (celo telo, kosti glavenog skeleta, cleithrum-a i krlju&scaron;ti) jedinki unutar kompleksa Carassius auratusizmeđu različitih lokaliteta sa različitim ekolo&scaron;kim uslovima (prisustvo predatora i protok), dok je primenom savremenih statističkih i matematičkih metoda (multi-modelne analize) analizirana dinamika rasta recentnih, kao i ranoinvazivnih populacija.</p><p>Metaanalizom dostupnih podataka utvrđena je veoma &scaron;iroka zastupljenost populacija vrsta kompleksa C. auratus na teritoriji Srbije. Beležene populacije su uglavnom pokazivale srednju do visoku zastupljenost (20-40%) u ukupnoj ihtiofauni uz uočljivo povećanje brojnosti u funkciji vremena. Na nekim lokalitetima se u nekoliko uzastopnih studija registruju veoma brojne popu-lacije vrsta ovog kompleksa (40-100% u ukupnom ulovu).</p><p>Za potrebe molekularno- taksonomskih analiza i analiza morfolo&scaron;ke varijabilnosti recentnih populacija uzorkovano je 280 jedinki u periodu 2012 &ndash; 2014.godine sa 14 različitih lokaliteta u&nbsp;Vojvodini i peripanonskoj oblasti. Sve jedinke u uzorku su prvo fotografisane za potrebe analiza linearne i geometrijske morfometrije, uzet je uzorak repnog peraja za dalje genetičke analize, a nakon toga su izvr&scaron;ena sva neophodna merenja&nbsp;&nbsp; morfometrijskih i merističkih karaktera radi ana-lize varijabilnosti među&nbsp; populacijama. Populaciono-genetičkim analizama sekvenci dela cytb gena utvrđeno je da su sve ispitivane jedinke pripadale vrsti Carassius gibelio I. Zbog biolo&scaron;kog stanja uzoraka, determinacija je bila moguća za samo 52 jedinki sa 11 lokaliteta te se ne bi smela isključiti mogućnost postojanja jo&scaron; nekih vrsta kompleksa C. auratus, kao &scaron;to su C. auratus i C. langsdorfi koje su prema navodima drugih autora beležene na teritorijama susednih zemalja.</p><p>Primenom linearne i geometrijske morfometrijske analize ustanovljena je izražena fenoti-pska varijabilnost u obliku tela i odabranih&nbsp; elemenata skeletnog sistema između riba sa različitih lokaliteta. Utvrđeno je odsustvo polnog dimorfizma. Najveću varijabilnost od svih morfolo&scaron;kih parametara pokazala je vrednost za visinu tela, i veličinu glave, dok su kod kostiju najvi&scaron;e varirale vrednosti za os pharyngii na kojoj su ždrelni zubi - dentes pharyngii.</p><p>Prisustvo predatora i protok vode na ispitivanim lokalitetima su ispoljili uticaj na morfolo&scaron;ku varijabilnost riba. Prisustvo predatora je uslovilo pojavu karakterističnog fenotipa riba sa visokim telom koje omogućava lak&scaron;e izbegavanje predatora.</p><p>Za analizu mofolo&scaron;ke varijabilnosti ranih invazivnih populacija vrsta kompleksa C. auratus kori&scaron;ćeni su podaci za 524 jedinke (prilikom izlova determinisane kao C. auratus gibelio) sa tri lokaliteta u Vojvodini iz perioda 1983 &ndash; 1985. godine. Lokaliteti su izabrani prema različitom načinu invazije vrsta kompleksa C. auratus. Analizama linearne morfometije i modela rasta ut-vrđeno je da su se lokaliteti na kojima su bile&nbsp; zastupljene namerne antropogene introdukcije nepoznatog porekla odlikovali mnogo većom morfolo&scaron;kom varijabilno&scaron;ću od lokaliteta u koje su jedinke dospele prirodnim putevima invazije izvećih vodotokova.</p><p>Analizama životne istorije i dinamike rasta na 395 jedinki vrsta kompleksa C. auratus (pri-likom uzorkovanja determinisanih kao C. gibelio) kao invazivne grupe riba i 429 jedinki bodorke kao predstavnika autohtone ihtiofaune u periodu između 1991. i 1999. godine na akumulacijama Međuvr&scaron;je i Gruža utvrđene su razlike između različitih tipova stani&scaron;ta. Nezavisno od vrste, utvrđeno je da jedinke koje žive u sporim i plitkim stani&scaron;tima su krupnije i dostižu veće asimptotske dužine od individua koje nastanjuju brže i uže vodotokove.</p><p>Ovaj rad je među prvim koji primenjuje multi-modelnu analizu u modelovanju rasta slat-kovodnih riba. Rezultati su pokazali da se ova metoda može implementirati i na&nbsp; invazivne vrste riba kako bi se bolje procenio njihov uticaj na autohtonu faunu i&nbsp; eventualno razvile uspe&scaron;nije strategije upravljanja i kontrole njihovih populacija.</p> / <p>According to recent researches,<em> Carassius auratus</em> complex includes at least five <em>Carassius</em> species: <em>Carassius carassius, Carassius auratus, Carassius</em> langsdorfii, <em>Carassius cuvieri</em> and<em> Carassius gibelio</em>. These species are morphologically very similar and it is impossible to differentiate them on the basis of common morphological&nbsp; characters, so they all used to be classified as<em> Carassius auratus gibelio</em> or <em>Carassi</em>us <em>gibelio</em>. The only species that is significantly different is Carassius carassius. It is believed that the species of this complex were brought to Europe from Asia in the 17th&nbsp;&nbsp; century.</p><p>Over the last fifty years most of the members of C. auratus complex in Europe were classified as Carassius gibelio (<em>C. auratus gibelio</em>) (Bloch, 1783) (Silver carp or Gibel carp). Since the members of this complex have been registered in most European watercourses, they are considered to be the most successful invasive group of freshwater fish. Thanks to their biological characteristics (fast growth, different types of reproduction, remarkable resistance to unfavourable conditions) these species quickly become competitive to indigenous ichthyofauna in respect of food and habitat and they often have very negative impact on the entire ecosystem they inhabit.</p><p>This dissertation identifies the species that belong to the<em> </em>Carassius auratus complex in /Vojvodina and peri-Pannonian region using specific genetic markers (ctyb gene sequence). Using linear and geometric morphometrics, we examined morphological variability of different morphological parts (whole body, skull bones, cleithrum and scales) of the members of<em> Carassius auratus</em> complex, in different localities with different ecological conditions (presence of predators and water flow). Modern statistics&nbsp; and mathematical methods (multi-model analysis) were used in the analysis&nbsp; of growth dynamics of both recent and early invasive populations.</p><p>Meta-analyses of the available data have shown that there is a wide population of C. auratuscomplex species&nbsp; in Serbia. The examined populations showed medium to high occurrence (20- 40%) in the entire ichthyofauna, with evident growth over time. A few consecutive studies have registered very large populations of the species of this complex in several localities (40-100% of total catch).</p><p>For the purpose of molecular-taxonomic analyses and the analysis of morphological variability of recent populations, we used a sample of&nbsp; 280&nbsp; units taken in 14 different localities in Vojvodina and peri-Pannonian region in the period from 2012 to 2014. All the units in the sample were first photographed for the purpose of linear and geometric morphometrics, samples of tail fins were taken for further genetic analysis, and then all the necessary evaluations of morphometric and meristic characters were made, as well as the analysis of variability among populations.<br />Population genetic analysis with the application of a genetic marker (cytb gene) has shownthat all the examined units belong to<em> Carassius gibelio</em> species. Due to the biological state of the samples, the determination was possible for only 52 units from 11 localities, so it not impossible that some other species of C. auratus complex such as C. auratus and C. langsdorficould also be found in this region as they have been registered on the territories of the neighbouring countries, as reported by some authors.</p><p><br />Linear and geometric morphometric analysis has shown significant phenotype&nbsp; variability in body shape and selected elements of the skeletal system. It has also proved the absence of sexual dimorphism and showed that locality had a major impact on the variability.</p><p>The largest variability was recorded in terms of body height and head size, while the most variable values with the bones were those referring to os pharyngii with pharyngeal teeth.</p><p>Morphological variability of fish also depended on the presence of predators and the water flow in the examined localities. The presence of predators causes a characteristic phenotype of fish with tall body which enables them to avoid predators more easily.</p><p>In the analysis of morphological variability of early invasive populations of the species of C. auratus complex we used data for 524 units (classified as C. auratusgibelio during the catch) from three localities in Vojvodina in the period from 1983 to 1985. The localities were chosen according to different ways of invasion of the species of C. auratus complex. Linear morphometrics and growth model analyses have shown that the localities with deliberate anthropogenic introduction of unknown origin were characterized with greater variability than the localities populated by natural invasion from larger watercourses.</p><p>The analyses of life history and growth dynamics in 395 members of the species of C. auratuscomplex (classified as C. gibelio during the sampling) as an invasive group of fish, and 429 units of the roach as the representative of the indigenous ichthyofauna in the artificial lakes of Međuvr&scaron;je and Gruža in the period from 1991 to 1999, have established differences among different types of habitats. Regardless of species, the fish that live in slow and shallow habitats are larger and they reach greater asymptotic length than those living in faster and narrower watercourses.</p><p>This study is among the first ones to apply multi-model analyses in modeling freshwater fish growth. The results have shown that this method can be implemented in studying invasive fish species in order to make a better estimation of their influence on indigenous fauna and possibly develop more successful&nbsp; strategies of managing and controlling their populations.</p>

Cette thèse est dédiée à la pré-calibration des nouveaux systèmes d’aides à la conduite (ADAS). Le développement de ces systèmes est devenu aujourd’hui un axe de recherche stratégique pour les constructeurs automobiles dans le but de proposer des véhicules plus sûrs et moins énergivores. Cette thèse contribue à une vision méthodologique multi-critère, multi-modèle et multi-scénario. Elle en propose une instanciation particulière pour la pré-calibration spécifique au Lane Centering Assistance (LCA). Elle s’appuie sur des modèles dynamiques de complexité juste nécessaire du véhicule et de son environnement pour, dans le cadre du formalisme H2/H∞, formaliser et arbitrer les compromis entre performance de suivi de voie, confort des passagers et robustesse. Les critères élaborés sont définis de manière à être d’interprétation aisée, car directement liés à la physique, et facilement calculables. Ils s’appuient sur des modèles de perturbations exogènes (e.g. courbure de la route ou rafale de vent) et de véhicules multiples mais représentatifs, de manière à réduire autant que possible le pessimisme tout en embrassant l’ensemble des situations réalistes. Des simulations et des essais sur véhicules démontrent l’intérêt de l’approche. / This thesis deals with the tuning of the new Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS). The development of these systems has become nowadays a strategic line of research for the automotive industry towards the conception of safer and fuel-efficient vehicles.This thesis contributes to a multi-criterion, multi-modeland multi-scenario methodological vision of the tuning process. It is presented through a specific application of the tuning of the Lane Centering Assistance (LCA). It relies on vehicle and environment’s dynamical models of adequate complexity in the aim of formalizing and managing, in a H2/H∞ framework, the trade-off between performance, comfort and robustness. The formulated criteria are easy to compute and defined in a way to be understandable, closely linked to practical specifications. The whole methodology is driven by the research of a pertinent trade-off between realism (being as closest as possible to reality) and complexity (quick evaluation of the criterion). The efficiency and the robustness of the approach is demonstrated through high-fidelity simulations and numerous tests on real vehicles.