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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
221

Multi-Objective Analysis and Optimization of Integrated Cooling in Micro-Electronics With Hot Spots

Reddy, Sohail R. 12 June 2015 (has links)
With the demand of computing power from electronic chips on a constant rise, innovative methods are needed for effective and efficient thermal management. Forced convection cooling through an array of micro pin-fins acts not only as a heat sink, but also allows for the electrical interconnection between stacked layers of integrated circuits. This work performs a multi-objective optimization of three shapes of pin-fins to maximize the efficiency of this cooling system. An inverse design approach that allows for the design of cooling configurations without prior knowledge of thermal mapping was proposed and validated. The optimization study showed that pin-fin configurations are capable of containing heat flux levels of next generation electronic chips. It was also shown that even under these high heat fluxes the structural integrity is not compromised. The inverse approach showed that configurations exist that are capable of cooling heat fluxes beyond those of next generation chips. Thin film heat spreaders made of diamond and graphene nano-platelets were also investigated and showed that further reduction in maximum temperature, increase in temperature uniformity and reduction in thermal stresses are possible.
222

Joint minimization of power and delay in wireless access networks / Minimisation conjointe de la puissance et du délai dans les réseaux d’accès sans-fil

Moety, Farah 04 December 2014 (has links)
Dans les réseaux d'accès sans fil, l'un des défis les plus récents est la réduction de la consommation d'énergie du réseau, tout en préservant la qualité de service perçue par les utilisateurs finaux. Cette thèse propose des solutions à ce problème difficile considérant deux objectifs, l'économie d'énergie et la minimisation du délai de transmission. Comme ces objectifs sont contradictoires, un compromis devient inévitable. Par conséquent, nous formulons un problème d’optimisation multi-objectif dont le but est la minimisation conjointe de la puissance consommée et du délai de transmission dans les réseaux sans-fil. La minimisation de la puissance est réalisée en ajustant le mode de fonctionnement des stations de base (BS) du réseau d’un niveau élevé de puissance d’émission vers un niveau d'émission plus faible ou même en mode veille. La minimisation du délai de transmission est réalisée par le meilleur rattachement des utilisateurs avec les BS du réseau. Nous couvrons deux réseaux sans-fil différents en raison de leur pertinence : les réseaux locaux sans-fil (IEEE 802.11 WLAN) et les réseaux cellulaires dotés de la technologie LTE. / In wireless access networks, one of the most recent challenges is reducing the power consumption of the network, while preserving the quality of service perceived by the end users. The present thesis provides solutions to this challenging problem considering two objectives, namely, saving power and minimizing the transmission delay. Since these objectives are conflicting, a tradeoff becomes inevitable. Therefore, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem with aims of minimizing the network power consumption and transmission delay. Power saving is achieved by adjusting the operation mode of the network Base Stations (BSs) from high transmit power levels to low transmit levels or even sleep mode. Minimizing the transmission delay is achieved by selecting the best user association with the network BSs. We cover two different wireless networks, namely IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks and LTE cellular networks.
223

Contribution à la résolution de problèmes inverses sous contraintes et application de méthodes de conception robuste pour le dimensionnement de pièces mécaniques de turboréacteurs en phase avant-projets. / Contribution to solving inverse problems under constraints and application of robust design methods for the design of mechanical parts of preliminary design stage

Biret, Maëva 18 November 2016 (has links)
L'objectif de ce travail est de proposer une nouvelle démarche pour améliorer et accélérer les études de dimensionnement des pièces de turboréacteurs en avant-projets. Il s'agit de fournir une méthodologie complète pour la conception robuste sous contraintes. Cette méthodologie consiste en trois étapes : la réduction de la dimension et la méta-modélisation, la conception robuste sous contraintes puis la résolution de problèmes inverses sous contraintes. Ce sont les trois principaux sujets abordés dans cette thèse. La réduction de la dimension est un pré-traitement indispensable à toute étude. Son but est de ne conserver, pour une sortie choisie du système, que les entrées influentes. Ceci permet de réduire la taille du domaine d'étude afin de faciliter la compréhension du système et diminuer les temps de calculs des études. Les méthodes de méta-modélisations contribuent également à ces deux objectifs. L'idée est de remplacer le code de calculs coûteux par un modèle rapide à évaluer et qui représente bien la relation entre la sortie étudiée et les entrées du système. La conception robuste sous contraintes est une optimisation bi-objectifs où les différentes sources d'incertitudes du système sont prises en compte. Il s'agit, dans un premier temps, de recenser et modéliser les incertitudes puis de choisir une méthode de propagation de ces incertitudes dans le code de calculs. Ceci permet d'estimer les moments (moyenne et écart-type) de la loi de la sortie d'intérêt. L'optimisation de ces moments constitue les deux objectifs de la conception robuste. En dernier lieu, il s'agit de choisir la méthode d'optimisation multi-objectifs qui sera utilisée pour obtenir l'optimum robuste sous contraintes. La partie innovante de cette thèse porte sur le développement de méthodes pour la résolution de problèmes inverses mal posés. Ce sont des problèmes pour lesquels il peut y avoir une infinité de solutions constituant des ensembles non convexes et même disjoints. L'inversion a été considérée ici comme un complément à l'optimisation robuste dans laquelle l'optimum obtenu ne satisfaisait pas une des contraintes. Les méthodes d'inversion permettent alors de résoudre ce problème en trouvant plusieurs combinaisons des entrées qui satisfont la contrainte sous la condition de rester proche de l'optimum robuste. Le but est d'atteindre une valeur cible de la contrainte non satisfaite tout en respectant les autres contraintes du système auxquelles on ajoute la condition de proximité à l'optimum. Appliquée au dimensionnement d'un compresseur HP en avants-projets, cette méthodologie s'inscrit dans l'amélioration et l'accélération des études marquées par de nombreux rebouclages chronophages en termes de ressources informatiques et humaines. / The aim of this PhD dissertation is to propose a new approach to improve and accelerate preliminary design studies for turbofan engine components. This approach consists in a comprehensive methodology for robust design under constraints, following three stages : dimension reduction and metamodeling, robust design under constraints and finally inverse problem solving under constraints. These are the three main subjects of this PhD dissertation. Dimension reduction is an essential pre-processing for any study. Its aim is to keep only inputs with large effects on a selected output. This selection reduces the size of the domain on which is performed the study which reduces its computational cost and eases the (qualitative) understanding of the system of interest. Metamodeling also contributes to these two objectives by replacing the time-consuming computer code by a faster metamodel which approximates adequately the relationship between system inputs and the studied output. Robust design under constraints is a bi-objectives optimization where different uncertainty sources are included. First, uncertainties must be collected and modeled. Then a propagation method of uncertainties in the computation code must be chosen in order to estimate moments (mean and standard deviation) of output distribution. Optimization of these moments are the two robust design objectives. Finally, a multi-objectives optimization method has to be chosen to find a robust optimum under constraints. The development of methods to solve ill-posed inverse problems is the innovative part of this PhD dissertation. These problems can have infinitely many solutions constituting non convex or even disjoint sets. Inversion is considered here as a complement to robust design in the case where the obtained optimum doesn't satisfy one of the constraints. Inverse methods then enable to solve this problem by finding several input datasets which satisfy all the constraints and a condition of proximity to the optimum. The aim is to reach a target value of the unsatisfied constraint while respecting other system constraints and the optimum proximity condition. Applied to preliminary design of high pressure compressor, this methodology contributes to the improvement and acceleration of studies currently characterized by a numerous of loopbacks which are expensive in terms of cpu-time and human resources.
224

AEROTHERMAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF FINNED HEAT EXCHANGERS

Antoni Rebassa Torrens (9372002) 19 December 2021 (has links)
<p>The study of Surface Air Cooled Oil Coolers (SACOC) is motivated by the need for new cooling concepts for compact machinery designs with high thermal load. Installing finned heat exchangers in the bypass duct of a turbofan engine provides an additional cooling source having transonic flow as a heat sink. The characterization of the heat transfer and the aerodynamics of the design are essential to minimize the impact on the overall efficiency of the engine. In the present study, the SACOC is studied numerically and experimentally. Two geometries are tested in a high-speed linear wind tunnel where measurements are taken with multiple sensors and optical techniques. For the heat transfer characterization, an Inverse Heat Conduction Methodology (IHCM) based on a Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm is developed. The experimental results are matched to numerical simulations using a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver. Finally, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is coupled <a>with the RANS solver</a> to explore new geometries that maximize the heat transfer and minimize the pressure drop across the studied domain. The 400 profiles generated allow for the identification of the features that have a higher influence on the performance of the fins and six profiles that present large improvements are chosen for further analysis.</p>
225

Monitorización, detección y estimación de estados de fallo en la calidad del agua de redes de distribución urbanas

Gutiérrez Pérez, Joanna Alicia 16 July 2021 (has links)
[ES] La vulnerabilidad de los sistemas denominados de infraestructura crítica (IC), entre ellos los sistemas de distribución de agua potable (SDAP), ha sido uno de los temas de investigación de gran relevancia durante las últimas décadas, particularmente enmarcado en un contexto de peligro y/o amenaza. En general, los sistemas de IC proveen servicios esenciales para la sociedad actual. La seguridad, el crecimiento económico y el bienestar social de un país pueden verse comprometidos cuando alguno de esos sistemas es dañado, deshabilitado o interrumpido en su funcionamiento. Además de los accidentes y fallos característicos de los SDAPs, ciertos peligros y amenazas extraordinarios, tales como desastres naturales o actos relacionados con violencia a diferentes niveles, han generado un interés creciente entre gestores, tomadores de decisiones, ingenieros y la sociedad en general. El abastecimiento de agua potable es uno de los servicios fundamentales para el desarrollo de una ciudad y la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, un SDAP tiene propiedades que lo hacen especialmente vulnerable en comparación con otros sistemas. La interrupción total o parcial del suministro de agua por un período de tiempo, causa graves efectos en los usuarios y en el resto de sistemas que dependen de él. Debido a su importancia como infraestructuras, los SDAPs han sido un objetivo especialmente atrayente para ataques maliciosos, específicamente, posibles eventos de contaminación intencional. Este tipo de sucesos ha puesto de manifiesto las debilidades de estos sistemas y la necesidad de establecer medidas de prevención y mitigación que mejoren su seguridad, evitando que la salud de los usuarios sea afectada. En la literatura se pueden encontrar diversos métodos para evaluar, prevenir y mitigar aspectos asociados a la vulnerabilidad de las ICs. Entre ellos se encuentra el enfoque de la teoría de redes complejas, basada en las técnicas de la teoría de grafos, que ha sido ampliamente utilizado, entre otros fines, para obtener parámetros relacionados con la estructura y conectividad de los elementos de una IC, para identificar los elementos más importantes, y para analizar el impacto en el funcionamiento del sistema debido a la eliminación de uno o más elementos. Investigaciones recientes han demostrado la validez de estas técnicas para la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de redes de diversa clase y, particularmente, de las redes de distribución de agua (RDAs). Mediante la abstracción de la RDA a un grafo con características especiales (donde los arcos son las líneas hidráulicas y los vértices son los puntos de consumo) es posible cuantificar sus atributos estructurales, facilitando su análisis a un nivel de detalle más preciso, incluida la división en sectores. Esta tesis doctoral surge de la motivación de abordar este tema y de enfocarlo en la identificación y prevención de eventos de fallo en la calidad del agua. El estudio se centra en el análisis de la RDA que, por la ordenación y exposición de los diferentes elementos que la componen, es la parte más vulnerable de todo el sistema. Bajo el marco conceptual de la teoría de redes, se cuantifican atributos como la robustez y redundancia de la estructura de la RDA. Además, se utiliza el algoritmo evolutivo multiagente Agent Swarm Optimization (ASO) para identificar los lugares óptimos para ubicar sensores de monitorización de la calidad del agua, como una medida de vigilancia preventiva de cara a un evento de contaminación intencional o accidental. Al medir continuamente parámetros de la calidad del agua, entre ellos la conductividad, el pH, la concentración de diferentes sustancias y otros parámetros relacionados, directamente desde la red, una red adecuada de estos sensores ayudará a las empresas de distribución de agua a detectar la intrusión de contaminantes y a evaluar los problemas de calidad en sus redes. Decidir dónde colocar los sensores en la red y cuántos de ellos deben colocarse es un problema difícil de enfrentar, debido a la naturaleza de los objetivos que implica. Los objetivos contemplados en este trabajo son: el tiempo de detección, el volumen de agua contaminada consumida, el fallo de detección y los costes de implementación. Esta tesis presenta una forma de resolver el problema mencionado mediante la hibridación de la teoría de redes y el enfoque multiobjetivo del algoritmo ASO. Finalmente, la contribución principal de esta tesis es una metodología que ayude a las empresas de agua a establecer redes de monitoreo para detectar y estimar con rapidez posibles fallos en la calidad del agua, y que dé soporte a la toma de decisiones y a la mejora de la seguridad. Para demostrar el funcionamiento de la metodología propuesta, se presenta un caso de estudio referido a una red real, con el que se demuestran las posibilidades del acoplamiento de las técnicas propuestas. El resultado es un conjunto de posibles redes de sensores de calidad del agua, obtenido mediante un estudio a priori basado en el preproceso desarrollado a partir de la teoría de redes. Este conjunto es, posteriormente, ampliado y optimizado bajo el enfoque multiobjetivo de ASO, de modo que presente una cantidad suficiente de soluciones no dominadas de la frontera de Pareto del problema multiobjetivo estudiado. El fin último es dotar a los gestores del abastecimiento de una herramienta para seleccionar, mediante una toma de decisiones adecuada, aquella solución que mejor satisfaga, no solo lo requerimientos técnicos y económicos, sino otros menos objetivables que puedan existir. / [CA] La vulnerabilitat dels anomenats sistemes d'infraestructura crítica (IC), inclosos els sistemes de distribució d'aigua potable (SDAP), ha estat un dels temes de recerca altament rellevants de les darreres dècades, especialment emmarcat en un context de perill i/o amenaça. En general, els sistemes IC ofereixen serveis essencials per a la societat actual. La seguretat, el creixement econòmic i el benestar social d'un país es poden comprometre quan algun d'aquests sistemes es danya, es desactiva o s'interromp en el seu funcionament. A més dels accidents i falles característics dels SDAPs, certs perills i amenaces extraordinaris, com ara desastres naturals o actes relacionats amb la violència a diferents nivells, han generat un interès creixent entre els administradors, els responsables de la presa de decisions, els enginyers i la societat en general. El abastiment d'aigua potable és un dels serveis fonamentals per al desenvolupament d'una ciutat i la qualitat de vida dels ciutadans. No obstant això, un SDAP té propietats que el fan especialment vulnerable en comparació amb altres sistemes. La interrupció total o parcial de l'abastiment d'aigua durant un període de temps provoca greus efectes en els usuaris i en la resta de sistemes que en depenen. A causa de la seva importància com a infraestructures, els SDAPs han estat un objectiu especialment atractiu per a atacs maliciosos, específicament possibles esdeveniments de contaminació intencionals. Aquest tipus d'esdeveniments han posat de manifest les debilitats d'aquests sistemes i la necessitat d'establir mesures de prevenció i mitigació que millorin la seva seguretat, evitant que es vegi afectada la salut dels usuaris. Es poden trobar diversos mètodes a la literatura per avaluar, prevenir i mitigar aspectes associats a la vulnerabilitat de les ICs. Entre ells es troba l'enfocament complex de la teoria de xarxes, basat en les tècniques de la teoria de grafs, que s'ha utilitzat àmpliament, entre altres finalitats, per obtenir paràmetres relacionats amb l'estructura i la connectivitat dels elements d'una IC, per identificar-ne els elements més crítics, i analitzar l'impacte en el funcionament del sistema a causa de l'eliminació d'un o més elements. Investigacions recents han demostrat la validesa d'aquestes tècniques per avaluar la vulnerabilitat de xarxes de diversos tipus i, en particular, de xarxes de distribució d'aigua (XDAs). Abstraient la XDA a un gràfic amb característiques especials (on els arcs són les línies hidràuliques i els vèrtexs són els punts de consum) és possible quantificar-ne els atributs estructurals, facilitant les anàlisis a un nivell de detall més precís, inclosa la divisió en sectors. Aquesta tesi doctoral sorgeix de la motivació per abordar aquesta qüestió i centrar-se en la identificació i prevenció d'esdeveniments de fallida en la qualitat de l'aigua. L'estudi se centra en l'anàlisi de la XDA que, a causa de la disposició i exposició dels diferents elements que el componen, és la part més vulnerable de tot el sistema. Sota el marc conceptual de la teoria de xarxes, es quantifiquen atributs com la robustesa i la redundància de l'estructura de la XDA. A més, s'utilitza l'algorisme evolutiu multi-agent Agent Swarm Optimization (ASO) per identificar els llocs òptims per localitzar els sensors de control de la qualitat de l'aigua, com a mesura de vigilància preventiva davant d'un esdeveniment de contaminació intencional o accidental. Mesurant contínuament els paràmetres de qualitat de l'aigua, inclosa la conductivitat, el pH, la concentració de diferents substàncies i altres paràmetres relacionats, directament des de la xarxa, una xarxa adequada d'aquests sensors ajudarà les empreses de distribució d'aigua a detectar la intrusió de contaminants i avaluar els problemes de qualitat a les seves xarxes. Decidir on col·locar els sensors a la xarxa i quants d'ells s'hauria de col·locar és un problema difícil d’afrontar, a causa de la naturalesa dels objectius implicats. Els objectius considerats en aquest treball són: temps de detecció, volum d’aigua contaminada consumida, fallada de detecció i costos d’implementació. Aquesta tesi presenta una manera de resoldre el problema esmentat mitjançant la hibridació de la teoria de xarxes i l'enfocament multiobjectiu de l'algorisme ASO. Finalment, la principal contribució d’aquesta tesi és una metodologia destinada a ajudar les empreses d’aigua a establir xarxes de control per detectar i estimar ràpidament possibles fallades en la qualitat de l’aigua, i donar suport a la presa de decisions i la millora de la seguretat de l’aigua. Per demostrar el funcionament de la metodologia proposada, es presenta un cas d’estudi relacionat amb una xarxa real, amb la qual es demostren les possibilitats d'acoblament de les tècniques proposades. / [EN] The vulnerability of so-called critical infrastructure (CI) systems, including water distribution systems (WDSs), has been one of the highly relevant research topics in recent decades, particularly framed in a context of danger and/or threat. In general, CI systems provide essential services for today's society. The security, economic growth and social welfare of a country can be compromised when any of these systems is damaged, disabled or interrupted in its operation. In addition to the accidents and failures characteristic of WDSs, certain extraordinary dangers and threats, such as natural disasters or acts related to violence at different levels, have generated a growing interest among managers, decision makers, engineers and the society in general. The supply of drinking water is one of the fundamental services for the development of a city and the quality of life of citizens. However, a WDS has properties that make it especially vulnerable compared to other systems. The total or partial interruption of the water supply for a period of time, causes serious effects on the users and on the rest of the systems that depend on it. Due to their importance as infrastructures, WDSs have been an especially attractive target for malicious attacks, specifically potential intentional contamination events. This type of event has revealed the weaknesses of these systems and the need to establish prevention and mitigation measures that improve their safety, preventing the health of users from being affected. Various methods can be found in the literature to assess, prevent and mitigate aspects associated with the vulnerability of CIs. The complex network theory approach, based on the techniques of graph theory, is one of them. This approach has been widely used, among other purposes, to obtain parameters related to the structure and connectivity of the elements of an IC, to identify its most critical elements, and to analyze the impact on the operation of the system due to the elimination of one or more elements. Recent research has demonstrated the validity of these techniques for assessing the vulnerability of networks of various kinds and, particularly, of water distribution networks (WDNs). By abstracting the WDN to a graph with special characteristics (where the arcs are the hydraulic lines and the vertices are the consumption points) it is possible to quantify its structural attributes, facilitating analyses at a more precise level of detail, including the division into district metered areas. This doctoral thesis arises from the motivation to address this issue and to focus on the identification and prevention of failure events in water quality. The study focuses on the analysis of the WDN, which, due to the arrangement and exposure of the different elements integrating it, is the most vulnerable part of the entire system. Under the conceptual framework of the network theory, attributes such as robustness and redundancy of the WDN structure are quantified. In addition, the evolutionary multi-agent Agent Swarm Optimization (ASO) algorithm is used to identify optimal places to locate water quality monitoring sensors, as a preventive surveillance measure to face any accidental or intentional contamination event. By continuously measuring water quality parameters, including conductivity, pH, concentration of different substances and other related parameters, directly from the network, a suitable network of these quality sensors will help water distribution companies detect the intrusion of pollutants and assess quality problems in their networks. Deciding where to place the sensors on the network and how many of them should be placed is a difficult problem to face, due to the nature of the objectives involved. The objectives considered in this work are: detection time, volume of consumed contaminated water, detection failure and implementation costs. This thesis presents a way to solve the aforementioned problem through the hybridization of the network theory and the multi-objective approach of the ASO algorithm. With the graph theory, an approach to the search for possible solutions is sought, thus reducing the search space. With the ASO multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, instead of a unique specific solution, the idea is to find a wide range of solutions that represent the best tradeoff among all the objectives considered in the problem. Finally, the main contribution of this thesis is a methodology intended to help water companies to set monitoring networks to quickly detect and estimate possible failures in water quality, and to support decision-making and improvement of water safety. To demonstrate the operation of the proposed methodology, a case study related to a real-world network is presented, with which the possibilities of coupling the proposed techniques are demonstrated. The result is a set of water quality sensor networks, obtained through an a priori study based on the pre-process developed from the network theory. This set is later expanded and optimized under the ASO multi-objective approach, so that it presents a sufficient number of non-dominated solutions of the Pareto front of the studied multi-objective problem. The ultimate goal is to provide supply managers with a tool to select, through appropriate decision-making, the solution that best satisfies, not only technical and economic requirements, but also other less objective objectives that may exist. / Gutiérrez Pérez, JA. (2021). Monitorización, detección y estimación de estados de fallo en la calidad del agua de redes de distribución urbanas [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/169363 / TESIS
226

Vicekriterialni optimalisace podniku pomoci trendů / Multi Objective Company Optimisation Using Trends

Kastnerová, Petra January 2014 (has links)
The diploma thesis concerns Multi Objective Optimization and proposes a fuzzy model for a particular business. The model and the results of the evaluation are described in detail.
227

Anténní řady se syntetizovanou kmitočtovou závislostí zisku / Antenna Arrays with Synthesized Frequency Response of Gain

Všetula, Petr January 2014 (has links)
V disertační práci popisuji metodu syntézy dipólové anténní řady s definovanou schopností prostorové a spektrální filtrace. Díky prostorové filtraci se směr hlavního laloku a hodnota zisku mění v celém pracovním pásmu jen zanedbatelně. Díky spektrální filtraci je hodnota zisku v pracovním pásmu nejvyšší a mimo toto pásmo nejnižší. Abychom syntetizovali anténní řadu s předepsanými filtračními vlastnostmi, optimalizujeme amplitudy, fáze a rozměry prvků dipólové anténní řady. Abychom počáteční optimalizaci co nejvíce urychlili, předpokládáme při výpočtu hodnot kriteriálních funkcí idealizovanou anténní řadu. Jelikož optimalizace zahrnuje požadavky na směr hlavního laloku, zisk i impedanční přizpůsobení, využíváme k syntéze multi-kriteriální optimalizaci. Optimalizovaná anténní řada byla následně analyzována ve vlnovém simulátoru, aby byl ověřen výsledek syntézy. Syntetizovaná anténní řada byla vyrobena a experimentálně byly ověřeny její vlastnosti.
228

Systém pro pokročilé plánování / System for Advanced Scheduling

Horký, Aleš January 2015 (has links)
This master thesis deals with the automatic design of examinations and courses scheduling. The design is adapted to the specific requirements of the Faculty of Information Technology of Brno University of Technology. A genetic algorithm and a heuristic algorithm are employed to solve this task. The genetic algorithm is used to specify the sequence of the examinations (or the courses) and then the heuristic algorithm spread them out into a timetable. An implementation (written in Python 3) provides a fast parallel processing calculation which can generate satisfactory schedules in tens of minutes. Performed experiments show approximately 13% better results in all considered criteria in comparison with utilized examination schedules in the past. The development was periodically consulted with persons responsible for the schedule processing at the faculty. The program will be used while designing of examination schedules for the academic year 2015/2016.
229

Multi-guided particle swarm optimization : a multi-objective particle swarm optimizer

Scheepers, Christiaan January 2017 (has links)
An exploratory analysis in low-dimensional objective space of the vector evaluated particle swarm optimization (VEPSO) algorithm is presented. A novel visualization technique is presented and applied to perform the exploratory analysis. The exploratory analysis together with a quantitative analysis revealed that the VEPSO algorithm continues to explore without exploiting the well-performing areas of the search space. A detailed investigation into the influence that the choice of archive implementation has on the performance of the VEPSO algorithm is presented. Both the Pareto-optimal front (POF) solution diversity and convergence towards the true POF is considered during the investigation. Attainment surfaces are investigated for their suitability in efficiently comparing two multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithms. A new measure to objectively compare algorithms in multi-dimensional objective space, based on attainment surfaces, is presented. This measure, referred to as the porcupine measure, adapts the attainment surface measure by using a statistical test along with weighted intersection lines. Loosely based on the VEPSO algorithm, the multi-guided particle swarm optimization (MGPSO) algorithm is presented and evaluated. The results indicate that the MGPSO algorithm overcomes the weaknesses of the VEPSO algorithm and also outperforms a number of state of the art MOO algorithms on at least two benchmark test sets. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Computer Science / PhD / Unrestricted
230

Partial preference models in discrete multi-objective optimization / Intégration de préférences expertes en optimisation multicritère

Kaddani, Sami 10 March 2017 (has links)
Les problèmes d’optimisation multi-objectifs mènent souvent à considérer des ensembles de points non-dominés très grands à mesure que la taille et le nombre d’objectifs du problème augmentent. Générer l’ensemble de ces points demande des temps de calculs prohibitifs. De plus, la plupart des solutions correspondantes ne sont pas pertinentes pour un décideur. Une autre approche consiste à utiliser des informations de préférence, ce qui produit un nombre très limité de solutions avec des temps de calcul réduits. Cela nécessite la plupart du temps une élicitation précise de paramètres. Cette étape est souvent difficile pour un décideur et peut amener à délaisser certaines solutions intéressantes. Une approche intermédiaire consiste à raisonner avec des relations de préférences construites à partir d’informations partielles. Nous présentons dans cette thèse plusieurs modèles de relations partielles de préférences. En particulier, nous nous sommes intéressés à la génération de l’ensemble des points non-dominés selon ces relations. Les expérimentations démontrent la pertinence de notre approche en termes de temps de calcul et qualité des points générés. / Multi-objective optimization problems often lead to large nondominated sets, as the size of the problem or the number of objectives increases. Generating the whole nondominated set requires significant computation time, while most of the corresponding solutions are irrelevant to the decision maker. Another approach consists in obtaining preference information, which reduces the computation time and produces one or a very limited number of solutions. This requires the elicitation of precise preference parameters most of the time, which is often difficult and partly arbitrary, and might discard solutions of interest. An intermediate approach consists in using partial preference models.In this thesis, we present several partial preference models. We especially focused on the generation of the nondominated set according to these preference relations. This approach shows competitive performances both on computation time and quality of the generated preferred sets.

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