Master of Science / Civil Engineering / Sunanda Dissanayake / The percentage of gravel roads in rural areas in Kansas is higher than most states. A wide variation of traffic volumes across different regions and variations of local conditions and scenarios present a great challenge for local agencies to determine suitable roadway surface types for local rural roads, especially considering constraints on transportation budgets. The primary objective of this research was developing specific guidelines to identify the most suitable roadway surface for a particular roadway section with given conditions. Surveys were carried out to determine the importance of factors affecting the selection of a roadway surface type, where were later used for guideline development. General guidelines were developed using the multi-criteria assessment method in order to fulfill the main objective. The main important factors in decision-making were identified as agency cost, safety, Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC), traffic volume, purpose of road usage, and public preference. Multi-criteria assessment method involves calculating the weights for the factors important in decision-making, the respective scaled values for each factor for paved surface and gravel surface, and eventually calculating the final score for paved and gravel surface type. Equations were formulated to carry out life cycle cost (LCC) analysis along with the present worth evaluation. The formulas provided flexibility to calculate agency cost by considering local variation. VOC was calculated for paved and gravel roads considering variations in speed of different classes of vehicles, gradient and horizontal curve of the road, and the conversion factor for cost on paved surface versus gravel surface. Safety analysis was carried out for local rural roads in Kansas for five years, from 2010 to 2014, using the Kansas Department of Transportation’s KCARS database. After calculating the EPDO crash rates on paved and gravel roads in Kansas, results showed that paved surfaces were in general safer than gravel surfaces, which was taken into consideration while calculating the scaled values for safety. The final score was calculated by multiplying the weights of each factor and their respective scaled values. Roadway surface type with higher score is the preferred alternative for a road section under consideration. A computer-based program was created as a user interface, using Visual Studio, to carry out all complex calculations for determining LCC and VOC considering local variations. The program also helped determine final total scores for paved and gravel roads by considering scaled values of all-important factors considered for conversion. Another approach using cost versus traffic volume showed that the break-even point for traffic volume decreased with an increased percentage of trucks and increased vehicle speeds. Thus, the developed guideline helps determine the best roadway surface type for any set of local conditions.

De acordo com a Lei Federal n° 9.433/97, que instituiu a Política e o Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento dos Recursos Hídricos, o planejamento de recursos hídricos deve ter um enfoque sistêmico, de uso múltiplo das águas e descentralização das decisões, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de gestão. Dentro deste contexto, de descentralização de decisões e participação de grandes grupos no processo de tomada de decisão sobre a gestão dos recursos hídricos, os procedimentos clássicos de avaliação de alternativas para planejar o uso, controle e proteção das águas tornam-se limitados por sua impossibilidade de incluir outros critérios, além da minimização dos custos ou da maximização dos benefícios, e por não considerarem a subjetividade inerente ao processo de tomada de decisão, que corresponde ao sistema de valores dos atores envolvidos na tomada de decisões. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um Método Multicritério em Apoio à Decisão para o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas, que além de incorporar vários critérios na avaliação de alternativas, por adotar uma abordagem construtivista, propicia a participação de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de tomada de decisão. Para testar a aplicabilidade prática do método proposto foi escolhida a bacia hidrográfica do rio dos Sinos, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo construído um Modelo Multicritério de Avaliação de Alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos. Os resultados do trabalho demonstraram a robustez da proposta que, ao possibilitar a geração e avaliação de alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos, a partir de diversos critérios, e levando em conta o sistema de valores dos decisores, se constituiu em um diferencial capaz de conferir maior legitimidade ao processo de tomada de decisões sobre o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas. / According to the Federal Law n. 9433/97, which established the Water Resources Management National System and Policy, water resource planning must have a systemic approach, with multiple use of water and decentralization of decisions, adopting the water basin as a management unit. In this context – based on decentralization of decisions and on the participation of influential groups in decision-taking on water resources – traditional assessment procedures used to evaluate conditions for water usage, control and protection planning become limited due to the impossibility to include other criteria. Besides, these procedures do not take into consideration cost reduction, benefit increase and subjectiveness, particular feature of the decision taking process, and which corresponds to the value system of the actors involved in such process. Thus, this research presents a Supportive Multicriteria Methodology for Decision Aid to be used in water resources planning in water basins. The Methodology not only includes several assessment criteria – since it is based on a constructivist approach – but also allows for the participation of all the actors involved in the decision taking process. In order to test the practical application of the proposed methodology, Rio dos Sinos Water Basin in Rio Grande do Sul state was selected and, consequently, an Assessment Multicriteria Model for this region was developed. Results proved the proposal strong since it made possible the creation and assessment of alternatives for Rio dos Sinos Water Basin Planning, based on several criteria and taking into consideration the value system of the ones involved. Thus, it constituted a relevant feature to legitimate the decision taking process on the water resources planning in water basins.

De acordo com a Lei Federal n° 9.433/97, que instituiu a Política e o Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento dos Recursos Hídricos, o planejamento de recursos hídricos deve ter um enfoque sistêmico, de uso múltiplo das águas e descentralização das decisões, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de gestão. Dentro deste contexto, de descentralização de decisões e participação de grandes grupos no processo de tomada de decisão sobre a gestão dos recursos hídricos, os procedimentos clássicos de avaliação de alternativas para planejar o uso, controle e proteção das águas tornam-se limitados por sua impossibilidade de incluir outros critérios, além da minimização dos custos ou da maximização dos benefícios, e por não considerarem a subjetividade inerente ao processo de tomada de decisão, que corresponde ao sistema de valores dos atores envolvidos na tomada de decisões. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um Método Multicritério em Apoio à Decisão para o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas, que além de incorporar vários critérios na avaliação de alternativas, por adotar uma abordagem construtivista, propicia a participação de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de tomada de decisão. Para testar a aplicabilidade prática do método proposto foi escolhida a bacia hidrográfica do rio dos Sinos, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo construído um Modelo Multicritério de Avaliação de Alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos. Os resultados do trabalho demonstraram a robustez da proposta que, ao possibilitar a geração e avaliação de alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos, a partir de diversos critérios, e levando em conta o sistema de valores dos decisores, se constituiu em um diferencial capaz de conferir maior legitimidade ao processo de tomada de decisões sobre o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas. / According to the Federal Law n. 9433/97, which established the Water Resources Management National System and Policy, water resource planning must have a systemic approach, with multiple use of water and decentralization of decisions, adopting the water basin as a management unit. In this context – based on decentralization of decisions and on the participation of influential groups in decision-taking on water resources – traditional assessment procedures used to evaluate conditions for water usage, control and protection planning become limited due to the impossibility to include other criteria. Besides, these procedures do not take into consideration cost reduction, benefit increase and subjectiveness, particular feature of the decision taking process, and which corresponds to the value system of the actors involved in such process. Thus, this research presents a Supportive Multicriteria Methodology for Decision Aid to be used in water resources planning in water basins. The Methodology not only includes several assessment criteria – since it is based on a constructivist approach – but also allows for the participation of all the actors involved in the decision taking process. In order to test the practical application of the proposed methodology, Rio dos Sinos Water Basin in Rio Grande do Sul state was selected and, consequently, an Assessment Multicriteria Model for this region was developed. Results proved the proposal strong since it made possible the creation and assessment of alternatives for Rio dos Sinos Water Basin Planning, based on several criteria and taking into consideration the value system of the ones involved. Thus, it constituted a relevant feature to legitimate the decision taking process on the water resources planning in water basins.

De acordo com a Lei Federal n° 9.433/97, que instituiu a Política e o Sistema Nacional de Gerenciamento dos Recursos Hídricos, o planejamento de recursos hídricos deve ter um enfoque sistêmico, de uso múltiplo das águas e descentralização das decisões, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de gestão. Dentro deste contexto, de descentralização de decisões e participação de grandes grupos no processo de tomada de decisão sobre a gestão dos recursos hídricos, os procedimentos clássicos de avaliação de alternativas para planejar o uso, controle e proteção das águas tornam-se limitados por sua impossibilidade de incluir outros critérios, além da minimização dos custos ou da maximização dos benefícios, e por não considerarem a subjetividade inerente ao processo de tomada de decisão, que corresponde ao sistema de valores dos atores envolvidos na tomada de decisões. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um Método Multicritério em Apoio à Decisão para o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas, que além de incorporar vários critérios na avaliação de alternativas, por adotar uma abordagem construtivista, propicia a participação de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de tomada de decisão. Para testar a aplicabilidade prática do método proposto foi escolhida a bacia hidrográfica do rio dos Sinos, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo construído um Modelo Multicritério de Avaliação de Alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos. Os resultados do trabalho demonstraram a robustez da proposta que, ao possibilitar a geração e avaliação de alternativas para o Plano da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos, a partir de diversos critérios, e levando em conta o sistema de valores dos decisores, se constituiu em um diferencial capaz de conferir maior legitimidade ao processo de tomada de decisões sobre o planejamento de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas. / According to the Federal Law n. 9433/97, which established the Water Resources Management National System and Policy, water resource planning must have a systemic approach, with multiple use of water and decentralization of decisions, adopting the water basin as a management unit. In this context – based on decentralization of decisions and on the participation of influential groups in decision-taking on water resources – traditional assessment procedures used to evaluate conditions for water usage, control and protection planning become limited due to the impossibility to include other criteria. Besides, these procedures do not take into consideration cost reduction, benefit increase and subjectiveness, particular feature of the decision taking process, and which corresponds to the value system of the actors involved in such process. Thus, this research presents a Supportive Multicriteria Methodology for Decision Aid to be used in water resources planning in water basins. The Methodology not only includes several assessment criteria – since it is based on a constructivist approach – but also allows for the participation of all the actors involved in the decision taking process. In order to test the practical application of the proposed methodology, Rio dos Sinos Water Basin in Rio Grande do Sul state was selected and, consequently, an Assessment Multicriteria Model for this region was developed. Results proved the proposal strong since it made possible the creation and assessment of alternatives for Rio dos Sinos Water Basin Planning, based on several criteria and taking into consideration the value system of the ones involved. Thus, it constituted a relevant feature to legitimate the decision taking process on the water resources planning in water basins.

L'objectif de ces travaux de thèse était de concevoir et de développer un outil de simulation et d'optimisation multicritères de centrales couplant des sources d'énergies renouvelables (EnR) et des moyens de stockage. L'optimisation porte sur le dimensionnement de l'installation (taille des unités de production EnR et de stockage) et sur la ou les stratégies de gestion de la centrale EnR-stockage selon des critères technico-économiques évalués par l'outil. L'originalité de l'outil développé réside dans la modularité de définition de l'architecture EnR-stockage, dans la prise en compte de plusieurs niveaux de modélisation (échelle et précision) des différents composants du système et dans l'intégration du vieillissement. L'outil développé est également illustré sur des cas d'études afin d'apprécier sa pertinence. / The objective of this work was to design and develop a simulation and multi-criteria optimization tool of energy systems composed of renewable energy (RE) production and storage units. Optimization concerns the systems sizing (renewable production and storage units) and the systems control strategies based on techno-economic criteria. Originality of the tool resides in the modularity of definition of the RE-storage plant architecture, in taking into account several levels of modeling (scale and accuracy) of the different system components and in the consideration of ageing through performances degradation. The developed tool is also illustrated on application cases to highlight its usefulness.

Dans le but de réduire les émissions chroniques issues des activités industrielles, la directive sur les émissions industrielles dite IED (2010/75/CE) définit le cadre réglementaire imposé aux États membres et le concept de Meilleures Techniques Disponibles (MTD). Ce concept de MTD et les niveaux de performance environnementale qui lui sont associés (BATAEPL) permettent de fixer des objectifs communs à toute l'Europe tout en considérant des spécificités locales. Par ailleurs, l’application du concept de MTD à des secteurs non soumis à l’IED (ex : Installations Nucléaires de Base) en fait un enjeu majeur pour l'ensemble de la communauté industrielle européenne. Les documents de référence sur les MTD (dénommés BREF) sont devenus incontournables comme aides au choix de techniques et références pour l'évaluation des performances environnementales des installations. Le processus de leur révision est perfectible car des différences d'interprétation et d’application existent entre les différents acteurs impliqués dans l'analyse des informations industrielles. Ainsi, l'apport de ce travail de thèse est une méthodologie structurée en 5 étapes, reposant d’une part sur des outils statistiques multicritères (classification ascendante hiérarchique, ACP, front de Pareto) d'aide à la détermination de sites de référence et de MTD applicables via des approches représentative ou performante et, d’autre part, à la définition de niveaux de performance environnementale associée, à l'échelle internationale et nationale. Cette méthodologie a démontré son applicabilité et son intégration dans les processus de décision actuels par les applications effectuées aux deux échelles géographiques et aux activités IED et non-IED. / In order to reduce chronic emissions due to industrial activities, the Industrial Emission Directive (IED − 2010/75/CE) defines, for the Member States, a legal framework and the concept of Best Available Technique (BAT). This concept of BAT and their associated environmental performance levels (BATAEPL) enables to set common objectives in Europe while considering local specificities. Moreover, the application of the concept of BAT to non-IED sectors (e.g. Nuclear installations) makes it a major issue for the entire European industrial community. BAT reference documents (called BREFs) have become essential to help to choose techniques and are references for environmental performance assessment of installations. The process of their revision can be improved because of the differences of interpretation that exist among involved actors for industrial information analysis. Thus, the contribution of this thesis is a methodology structured in 5 steps based, on the one hand, on multicriteria statistical tools (hierarchical clustering, PCA, Pareto front) to help to determine reference installations and applicable BATs thanks to representative or performant approaches and, on the other hand, to define associated environmental performance levels, at international and national scales. This methodology has demonstrated its applicability and integration into current decision processes thanks to applications to both geographical scales, and to IED and non-IED activities.

L’intégration culture – élevage à l’échelle territoire représente une voie pour améliorer le fonctionnement métabolique et les services écosystémiques fournis par les systèmes agricoles, malgré les contraintes de spécialisation des exploitations. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie de conception de systèmes culture – élevage au niveau du territoire, dans une démarche participative structurée en trois grandes étapes : diagnostic des enjeux, conception d’options techniques et organisationnelles, évaluation multicritère. Chaque étape est outillée par un cadre conceptuel et une grille d’évaluation multicritère adaptée aux dispositifs de terrain menés sur le bassin versant de l’Aveyron. Les scénarios construits présentent deux modèles de l’intégration culture – élevage : une « filière territorialisée » pour la production de luzerne dans les systèmes de culture de l’aval du bassin à destination des élevages de l’amont, un « collectif d’agriculteurs bio » échangeant directement de la luzerne, des méteils et du fumier dans des groupes locaux. Chaque scénario présente des performances de durabilité améliorées et pourraient être complémentaires pour le changement de pratiques sur le territoire. La méthodologie développée permet la conception multi-niveaux et multi-domaines de scénarios d’intégration, et pourrait être renforcée par une évaluation quantitative des bénéfices attendus et des coûts de coordination entre acteurs. / Crop-livestock integration at territory level may be a pathway to impove metabolic functions and delivery of ecosystem services in agricultural systems, overcoming the constraints of farm specialization. This thesis builds on a methodology of participatory design of integrated crop-livestock systems at territory level in three steps: diagnosis of issues, design of technical and organizational options for change, multicriteria assessment. Each step is supported with a conceptual framework and a multicriteria grid adapted to the case study in Aveyron river basin. The designed scenarios show two approaches of crop –livestock integration: the introduction of alfalfa in downstream cropping systems sold to upstream livestock systems through a local supply chain and the direct exchanges of alfalfa, cereal-legume mixtures and animal manure in local groups of organic farmers. Both scenario present improved sustainability performances and could be complementary to initiate more sustainable practices in local farming systems. The methodology allows designing multi-level and multi-domain scenarios of crop-livestock integration. It could be improved with models for quantitative assessment of benefits and coordination costs among stakeholders.

[EN] The dilemma of development and sustainability in the local context generates multiple interests and concerns. This dissertation arises from the challenge proposed by both concepts in the framework of decision making for urban planning. Its development has been guided by two main motivations. The first and most important is to discuss sustainable development in a context where little had been said, responding to how to improve the practices used for the prioritisation of actions during the planning stages of local development projects, taking as a case study the city of Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). The second, on the other hand, responds to the interest of contributing to the field of multicriteria decision making techniques. The objective is to design a methodology to help those responsible for territorial planning to evaluate development strategies and projects. In particular, it focuses on the participation of different stakeholders and on the approach to sustainable local development. Therefore, the general research question is: how can a participatory multicriteria methodology help to evaluate local development projects with a sustainable approach? To answer this research question the present dissertation, of an exploratory and descriptive nature, has been designed, and developed from the application of three cases of iterative and complementary studies. The objective has been to propose a framework that systematically allows the taking of decisions and the integration of diverse positions, without trying to find a unique solution with the best decision model. The proposed methodology has been developed from the combination of two techniques known from the field of Operations Research, Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Social Network Analysis (SNA). SNA is used to find out how the network of actors related to a problem is structured, to study and evaluate the relationships between the actors that make it up, to determine their degree of cohesion, the actors in the most relevant positions and the existing structural gaps. All of this permits the selection of participants in the decision making process carried out through ANP. ANP is a wellknown multicriteria decision method, which provides a framework for addressing decision making or problem assessment. It defines a prioritisation model as a network with complex, interdependent and feedback relationships between elements. The elements represent characteristics, requirements, conditions or criteria related to a problem, as well as possible alternative solutions. ANP is used to discover the opinions of the participants, to obtain their decision profiles and to reach a consensus on the prioritisation of projects and strategies. Additionally, this methodological proposal, based on the SNA-ANP combination, can be completed with other techniques, for example, geographic information systems to add some components that improve the decision. The results suggest that this SNA-ANP methodology is a novel and useful combination for evaluating local development plans with a multicriteria, sustainable and participatory approach. The results establish a basis for proposing new applications and generating new discussions with the local administration and other actors. With the inclusion of the local and sustainable development approach in the decision framework, throughout this dissertation, the value of different heritages is highlighted, as is the promotion of a more adapted strategic planning and the recognition and inclusion of multiple groups of actors. In addition, the use of practical and replicable methodologies that account for the results is promoted, to be applied at different scales, in order to improve planning and prioritisation of actions. The proposal has considered the dimensions of sustainability in decision models, the active participation of decision-makers and a better selection of participants. In short, it has facilitated the construction of a more participatory decision making process. Finally, it also allows us to explore future applications and to continue the discussion related to the problem of decision making during the planning and evaluation stages of strategic projects, whether for local sustainable development or for other types of objectives. / [ES] El dilema del desarrollo y la sostenibilidad en el contexto local genera múltiples intereses e inquietudes. Esta disertación surge entorno al desafío propuesto por ambos conceptos en el marco de la toma de decisiones para la planeación urbana. Su desarrollo se ha orientado a partir de dos motivaciones principales. La primera y más importante es discutir sobre desarrollo sostenible en un contexto en el que se había hablado poco, respondiendo a cómo mejorar las prácticas utilizadas para la priorización de acciones durante las etapas de planeación de proyectos de desarrollo local, tomando como objeto de estudio la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). La segunda, por su parte, responde al interés por contribuir en el campo de las técnicas de toma de decisiones multicriterio. El objetivo es diseñar una metodología para ayudar a los responsables de la planificación territorial a evaluar estrategias y proyectos de desarrollo. En particular, se centra en la participación de diferentes partes interesadas y en el enfoque al desarrollo local sostenible. Por lo tanto, la pregunta general de investigación es: ¿Cómo puede una metodología multicriterio participativa ayudar a evaluar proyectos de desarrollo local con un enfoque sostenible? Para responder a esta pregunta de investigación se ha diseñado la presente disertación, de naturaleza exploratoria y descriptiva, desarrollada a partir de la aplicación de tres casos de estudios iterativos y complementarios. El objetivo ha sido proponer un marco que de forma sistemática permita tomar decisiones e integrar diversas posiciones, sin pretender hallar una solución única con el mejor modelo de decisión. La metodología propuesta se ha construido a partir de la combinación de dos técnicas conocidas del campo de la Investigación de Operaciones, el Proceso Analítico en Red (ANP) y el Análisis de Redes Sociales (SNA). El SNA se utiliza para conocer cómo se estructura la red de actores relacionados con un problema, estudiar y evaluar las relaciones entre los actores que la componen, determinar su grado de cohesión, los actores en posiciones más relevantes y los vacíos estructurales existentes. Todo ello permite seleccionar a los participantes en el proceso de toma de decisiones realizado a través del ANP. El ANP es un conocido método de decisión multicriterio, que proporciona un marco para abordar la toma de decisiones o la evaluación de problemas. Define un modelo de priorización como una red con relaciones complejas, interdependientes y retroalimentadas entre elementos. Los elementos representan características, requerimientos, condiciones o criterios relacionados con un problema, así como las posibles alternativas de solución. El ANP se utiliza para conocer las opiniones de los participantes, obtener sus perfiles de decisión y alcanzar un consenso sobre la priorización de proyectos y estrategias. Adicionalmente, esta propuesta metodológica, basada en la combinación SNA-ANP, se puede completar con otras técnicas, por ejemplo, los sistemas de información geográfica para agregar algunos componentes que mejoren la decisión. Los resultados sugieren que esta metodología SNA-ANP, es una combinación novedosa y útil para evaluar planes de desarrollo local con un enfoque multicriterio, sostenible y participativo. Los resultados establecen una base para proponer nuevas aplicaciones y generar nuevas discusiones con la administración local y otros actores. Con la inclusión del enfoque del desarrollo local y sostenible en el marco de las decisiones, a lo largo de esta disertación, se resalta el valor de distintos patrimonios, la promoción de una planeación estratégica más adaptada y el reconocimiento e inclusión de múltiples grupos de actores. Además, se promueve el uso de metodologías prácticas y replicables que den cuenta de los resultados, para ser aplicadas a diferentes escalas, con el fin de mejorar la planeación y la priorización de acciones. La propuesta ha considerado las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad en los modelos de decisión, la participación activa de los decisores y una mejor selección de los participantes. En síntesis, ha facilitado la construcción de un proceso de decisión más participativo. Finalmente, también permite explorar futuras aplicaciones y continuar la discusión relacionada con el problema de la toma de decisiones durante las etapas de planeación y evaluación de proyectos estratégicos sean para el desarrollo local sostenible o para otro tipo de objetivos. / [CA] El dilema del desenvolupament i la sostenibilitat en el context local genera múltiples interessos i inquietuds. Aquesta dissertació sorgeix entorn al desafiament proposat per ambdós conceptes en el marc de la presa de decisions per a la planificació urbana. El seu desenvolupament s'ha orientat a partir de dues motivacions principals. La primera i més important és discutir sobre desenvolupament sostenible en un context en què s'havia parlat poc, responent a com millorar les pràctiques utilitzades per a la priorització d'accions durant les etapes de planificació de projectes de desenvolupament local, prenent com a objecte d'estudi la ciutat de Cartagena d'Índies (Colòmbia). La segona, per la seva banda, respon a l'interès per contribuir en el camp de les tècniques de presa de decisions multicriteri. L'objectiu és dissenyar una metodologia per ajudar els responsables de la planificació territorial a avaluar estratègies i projectes de desenvolupament. En particular, es centra en la participació de diferents parts interessades i en l'enfocament al desenvolupament local sostenible. Per tant, la pregunta general d'investigació és: Com pot una metodologia multicriteri participativa ajudar a avaluar projectes de desenvolupament local amb un enfocament sostenible? Per respondre a aquesta pregunta de recerca s'ha dissenyat la present dissertació, de naturalesa exploratòria i descriptiva, desenvolupada a partir de l'aplicació de tres casos d'estudi iteratius i complementaris. L'objectiu ha estat proposar un marc que de forma sistemàtica permeti prendre decisions i integrar diverses posicions, sense pretendre trobar una solució única amb el millor model de decisió. La metodologia proposada s'ha construït a partir de la combinació de dues tècniques conegudes del camp de la Investigació d'Operacions, el Procés Analític en Xarxa (ANP) i l'anàlisi de xarxes socials (SNA). El SNA s'utilitza per conèixer com s'estructura la xarxa d'actors relacionats amb un problema, estudiar i avaluar les relacions entre els actors que la componen, determinar el seu grau de cohesió, els actors en posicions més rellevants i els buits estructurals existents. Tot això permet seleccionar els participants en el procés de presa de decisions realitzat a través de l'ANP. L'ANP és un conegut mètode de decisió multicriteri, que proporciona un marc per abordar la presa de decisions o l'avaluació de problemes. Defineix un model de priorització com una xarxa amb relacions complexes, interdependents i retroalimentades entre elements. Els elements representen característiques, requeriments, condicions o criteris relacionats amb un problema, així com les possibles alternatives de solució. El ANP s'utilitza per conèixer les opinions dels participants, obtenir els seus perfils de decisió i arribar a un consens sobre la priorització de projectes i estratègies. Addicionalment, aquesta proposta metodològica, basada en la combinació SNA-ANP, es pot completar amb altres tècniques, per exemple, els sistemes d'informació geogràfica per afegir alguns components que millorin la decisió. Els resultats suggereixen que aquesta metodologia SNA-ANP, és una combinació innovadora i útil per avaluar plans de desenvolupament local amb un enfocament multicriteri, sostenible i participatiu. Els resultats estableixen una base per proposar noves aplicacions i generar noves discussions amb l'administració local i altres actors. Amb la inclusió de l'enfocament del desenvolupament local i sostenible en el marc de les decisions, al llarg d'aquesta dissertació, es ressalta el valor de diferents patrimonis, la promoció d'una planificació estratègica més adaptada i el reconeixement i inclusió de múltiples grups d'actors . A més, es promou l'ús de metodologies pràctiques i replicables que donin compte dels resultats, per ser aplicades a diferents escales, per tal de millorar la planificació i la priorització d'accions. La proposta ha considerat les dimensions de la sostenibilitat en els models de decisió, la participació activa dels decisors i una millor selecció dels participants. En síntesi, ha facilitat la construcció d'un procés de decisió més participatiu. Finalment, també permet explorar futures aplicacions i continuar la discussió relacionada amb el problema de la presa de decisions durant les etapes de planificació i avaluació de projectes estratègics siguin per al desenvolupament local sostenible o per a un altre tipus d'objectius. / Gonzalez Urango, HK. (2020). A participatory multicriteria approach to evaluate strategic projects for local sustainable development [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/149490 / TESIS