A Monte Carlo study was performed to investigate the ability of MSCAL to recover by Euclidean metric multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) the true structure for dissimilarity data with different underlying error distributions. Error models for three typical error distributions: normal, lognormal, and squared normal are implemented in MSCAL through data transformations incorporated into the criterion function. Recovery of the true configuration and true distances for (i) single replication data with low error levels and (ii) matrix conditional data with high error levels was studied as a function of the type of error distribution, fitting criterion, and dimensionality. Results indicated that if the data conform to the error distribution hypotheses, then the corresponding fitting criteria provide improved recovery, but only for data with low error levels when the true dimensionality is known.

Data warehouses were envisioned to facilitate analytical reporting and data visualization by providing a model for the flow of data from operational databases to decision support environments. Decision support environments provide a multidimensional conceptual view of the underlying data warehouse, which is usually stored in relational DBMSs. Typically, there is an impedance mismatch between this conceptual view — shared also by all decision support applications accessing the data warehouse — and the physical model of the data stored in relational DBMSs. This thesis presents a mapping compilation algorithm in the context of the Conceptual Integration Model (CIM) [67] framework. In the CIM framework, the relationships between the conceptual model and the physical model are specified by a set of attribute-to-attribute correspondences. The algorithm compiles these correspondences into a set of mappings that associate each construct in the conceptual model with a query on the physical model. Moreover, the homogeneity and summarizability of data in conceptual models is the key to accurate query answering, a necessity in decision making environments. A data-driven approach to refactor relational models into summarizable schemas and instances is proposed as the solution of this issue. We outline the algorithms and challenges in bridging multidimensional conceptual models and the physical model of data warehouses and discuss experimental results.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 1988. / Submitted to the Dept. of Engineering Design. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 1998. / Adviser: Steven H. Levine. Submitted to the Dept. of Engineering Design. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-167). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2001. / Adviser: Alva Couch. Submitted to the Dept. of Computer Science. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 231-234). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Measurement and Quantitative Methods , 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Mar. 30, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-119). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2004. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-109).

AMARAL, Renatas Firmino do. Distribuição da Pobreza no Estado do Ceará: uma abordagem multidimensional. 2014. 80 f.: Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Economia Rural, Fortaleza-CE, 2014 / Submitted by Francisco Helder Macêdo Rangel (fhelder@ufc.br) on 2016-03-03T16:18:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_rfamaral.pdf: 1175965 bytes, checksum: 1cd8ac8b32293ca5a6018946e64765aa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Margareth Mesquita(margaret@ufc.br) on 2016-03-04T18:17:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_rfamaral.pdf: 1175965 bytes, checksum: 1cd8ac8b32293ca5a6018946e64765aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T18:17:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_rfamaral.pdf: 1175965 bytes, checksum: 1cd8ac8b32293ca5a6018946e64765aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / This work aimed to analyze poverty considering economic features, human capital, infrastructure and the environment in the state of Ceará in a multidimensional optical. For this purpose, was calculated the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for 184 municipalities from secondary data obtained in IPECE, IBGE and UNDP, considering the years of 2000 and 2010. The calculated index was composed of indicators divided into four functionings: human capital, economic, infrastructure and environment. After formulation of MPI, municipalities were grouped into three clusters: the first included municipalities with better situation (IPM ranging between 0,00 and 47,00); the second involved those intermediate values of IPM (IPM ranging from 47,01 to 69,19); and the third grouped the municipalities with the worst index values (IPM ranging between 69,20 and 100,00). In analysis of the results, it can be observed that the IPM to the state decreased over years studied, but the environmental functioning was that less contributed to the improvement of the index. This fact is mainly due to the indicators of Rainfall Distribution Index (RDI) and surface runoff. This demonstrates that the scarcity of rain has always been and continues to be an aggravating poverty. With this it can be concluded that, to occur effective and durable improvements in the poverty index of Ceará is necessary expand of policies of dealing with drought, instead of assistantial policies and short-term nature that are even more preponderant in the State. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a pobreza considerando características econômicas, de capital humano, de infraestrutura e meio ambiente no estado do Ceará sob uma ótica multidimensional. Para tal finalidade, calculou-se o Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional (IPM) para os 184 municípios a partir de dados secundários obtidos no IPECE, IBGE e PNUD, considerando os anos de 2000 e 2010. O índice calculado foi composto por indicadores divididos em quatro funcionamentos: capital humano, economia, infraestrutura e ambiente. Após a formulação do IPM, os municípios foram agrupados em três clusters: a primeira abrangeu os municípios em melhor situação (IPM variando entre 0,00 e 47,00); a segunda envolveu aqueles valores de IPM intermediário (IPM variando entre 47,01 a 69,19); e a terceira agrupou os municípios com os piores valores do índice (IPM variando entre 69,20 e 100,00). Na análise dos resultados, pode-se observar que o IPM para o Estado decresceu ao longo dos anos estudados, porém o funcionamento ambiental foi o que menos contribuiu para a melhoria do índice. Este fato deve-se, principalmente, aos indicadores de Índice de Distribuição de Chuvas (IDC) e escoamento superficial. Isso demonstra que a escassez de chuva sempre foi e continua sendo um agravante da pobreza. Com isso, pode-se concluir que, para que ocorram melhorias efetivas e duradouras no índice de pobreza do Ceará, é necessário que haja uma ampliação das políticas de convivência com a seca, ao invés das políticas de cunho assistencialista e imediatistas que são ainda mais preponderantes no estado.

SOUSA, Janaildo Soares de. Ensaios sobre Criminalidade e Pobreza. 2016. 92 f.: Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Economia Agrícola, Pós-Graduação em Economia Rural, Fortaleza-CE, 2016 / Submitted by Francisco Helder Macêdo Rangel (fhelder@ufc.br) on 2016-05-31T15:31:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jssousa.pdf: 1129099 bytes, checksum: 8e8ae9688dabf921103d4135eeb5163a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Margareth Mesquita (margaret@ufc.br) on 2016-06-02T15:44:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jssousa.pdf: 1129099 bytes, checksum: 8e8ae9688dabf921103d4135eeb5163a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T15:44:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_jssousa.pdf: 1129099 bytes, checksum: 8e8ae9688dabf921103d4135eeb5163a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / This dissertation consists of two articles, which was made using data and different methodologies. The first, entitled "Is there a relationship between socioeconomic factors and the homicide rate in Brazil?", Has the object of study to examine whether there is a relationship between socioeconomic factors and the homicide rate in Brazil, in the period between 2004 and 2011. We used data from the National Survey by Household Sample Survey - PNAD - the Institute of Applied Economic Research - IPEA -. and the Ministry of Health While methodological procedure made use of panel data with the estimates by Generalized Least Squares (GLS), proposed by Greene (2003). The results indicated that in Brazil, socioeconomic factors are among the main determinants of high crime rates recorded in the years under observation. The urbanization may be contributing to expansion of homicides, which demand greater investment in public safety. It has also shown the importance of education as a tool in combating and preventing crime and revealed that the poverty level does not always translate into more crime, but increases the likelihood that private individuals income will commit crimes. Moreover, it showed that the level of income has a greater contribution to such a reality due to the expected utility in the execution of crimes. The second article, entitled "The multidimensional poverty in Paraíba via basic needs approach and capabilities," was based on annual data from the National Sample Survey (PNAD) from 2006 to 2013 and measured the dimensions of poverty in the state , by constructing the global indicator and individual dimensions. For this purpose, we made use of Bourguignon methodology and Chakravarty (2003), which presents an alternative way of measuring the multidimensionality of poverty. The main results signaled that paraibana population suffers deprivation, particularly in runs, such as access to primary education, primary and secondary; services access to communication and information, housing conditions, health and work. There was also a reduction of deprivation in six dimensions, as well as the proportion of multidimensional poor population of 27.78% in 2006 to 22.49% in 2013. In relation to the isolated analysis of urban areas and rural, it was found that poverty was more intense in rural areas. / Essa dissertação é composta por dois artigos, dos quais foi feito o uso de dados e metodologias distintas. O primeiro, intitulado “Existe relação entre os fatores socioeconômicos e a taxa de homicídios no Brasil?”, tem como objeto de estudo analisar se existe relação entre os fatores socioeconômicos e a taxa de homicídios no Brasil, no período compreendido entre 2004 e 2011. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNADs - do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA - e do Ministério da Saúde. Enquanto procedimento metodológico fez uso de dados em painel com as estimações pelos Mínimos Quadrados Generalizados (GLS), proposto por Greene (2003). Os resultados indicaram que, no Brasil, os fatores socioeconômicos fazem parte dos principais condicionantes das elevadas taxas de criminalidade registradas nos anos em observação. A urbanização pode estar contribuindo para expansão dos homicídios, o que demanda maiores investimentos em segurança pública. Demonstrou, ainda, a importância da educação como ferramenta no combate e prevenção ao crime e revelou que o nível de pobreza nem sempre se traduz em mais criminalidade, mas eleva a probabilidade de que indivíduos privados de renda venham a cometer crimes. Além disso, mostrou que o nível de renda tem um contributo maior para tal realidade devido à utilidade esperada na execução de crimes. O segundo artigo, intitulado “A pobreza multidimensional na Paraíba via abordagem das necessidades básicas e das capacitações”, foi feito com base em dados anuais da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2006 a 2013 e mensurou as dimensões da pobreza no estado, por meio da construção de indicador global e individual das dimensões. Para tanto, fez uso da metodologia de Bourguignon e Chakravarty (2003), a qual apresenta uma forma alternativa de medir a multidimensionalidade da pobreza. Os principais resultados sinalizaram que a população paraibana sofre de privações, principalmente nos funcionamentos, como o acesso ao ensino primário, fundamental e médio; aos serviços de acesso à comunicação e informação, as condições de moradia, saúde e trabalho. Verificou-se também uma redução das privações nas seis dimensões, bem como da proporção de pobres multidimensionais da população, de 27,78%, em 2006, para 22,49%, em 2013. Já em relação às análises isoladas das áreas urbanas e rurais, constatou-se que a pobreza foi mais intensa no meio rural.

abstract: The goal of this study was to explore the multidimensionality of gender typicality and its relation to preadolescents’ psychological adjustment. With a sample of 378 6th grade students (52% male; M age = 11.44, SD = .56; 48% White), I examined how four specific dimensions of gender typicality (behavior, appearance, activities, and peer preference) predict children’s global sense of typicality; whether children’s global sense of gender typicality, behavior, appearance, activities, and peer preference are differentially predictive of self-esteem, social preference, and relationship efficacy; and whether examining typicality of the other gender is important to add to own-gender typicality. Regression analyses indicated that all four specific typicality dimensions contributed to preadolescents’ overall sense of own- and other-gender typicality (except appearance for own-gender typicality). Generally, all domains of gender typicality were related to the four adjustment outcomes. Own-gender typicality related more strongly to self-esteem, social preference, and own-gender relationship efficacy than did other-gender typicality; other-gender typicality was more strongly related to other-gender relationship efficacy. Relations between typicality and adjustment were stronger for gender-based relationship efficacy than for self-esteem or social preference. Although some differences existed, relations between typicality and adjustment were generally similar across typicality domains. Results implicate the need to measure other-gender typicality in addition to own-gender typicality. Additional contributions and suggestions for future research are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Family and Human Development 2015