Tikslas:Ištirti kompiuterizuotam natų rašymui skirtas technologijas. Tyrimo objektas:Natų saugojimo formatai ir jų kūrimo programinė įranga. Problemos analizė:Kompiuterizuotam natų rašymui yra sukurta nemažai specialios programinės įrangos ir jų rezultato saugojimo formatų. Tačiau susistemintos informacijos apie tokių technologijų privalumus ir trūkumus rasti gan sunku, todėl vartotojai patys turi jas bandyti ir atrasti jiems labiausiai tinkančias. Tyrimo metodologija:Teoriniai tyrimo metodai: literatūros apžvalga ir analizė. Praktiniai tyrimo metodai: natografijos failų formatų apimties skirtumo tyrimas, natų rašymui skirtos programinės įrangos funkcionalumo įvertinimo bei patrauklumo vartotojui stebėjimas ir tyrimas. Naudotos priemonės:Sibelius 6, Harmony Assitant, Quick Score Elite Level II, Denemo – tyrimo duomenų gavimui ir kūrimui; Microsoft Excel 2003 – tyrimo duomenų aprašymui ir susisteminimui; SPSS Statistics 17.0 – tyrimo duomenų apdorojimui, analizei ir pateikimui; Microsoft Word 2003 – darbo rengimui ir pateikimui. Tyrimo apimtis: Failų formatų apimtis lyginta atsižvelgiant į: failo dydį, natų formato tipą, formato skaitomumą vartotojui, failo apimtį ir jos sumažinimo galimybę. Programinės įrangos funkcionalumas ištirtas įvertinant funkcijų kiekio santykį atitinkamose funkcionalumo grupėse: teksto įterpimas ir apiforminimas, lapo formatavimas, pasirinktų natų ir ženklų atvaizdavimas penklinėje, partitūros rašymas MIDI klaviatūra ir kompiuterio klaviatūra, muzikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Many various science areas are gradually relocating to information technology space and the recording of notes is not an exception. Hence, there are many different note recording and preserving formats and special software intended for the creation of such formats. However, because of comparatively rapid IT advancement it is usually hard to follow the all existing IT solutions and select the most proper, therefore, the objective of this work is to examine the technologies intended for the recording and preserving notes on the computer. During the time of this work the following examinations were completed: • The examination of note preserving formats; • The analysis of note recording software functionality; • The research of note recording software appeal; After completing the review of note preserving formats it was clear that they can be categorized into three groups: ascii, xml and binary. The note preserving formats which are based on ascii and xml codes are more coherent for the common user and take less hard disk space. After analyzing the note recording software the final results reveal that the Harmony Asisstant program is highly advanced and supports most functions. The Sibelius 6 is also very advanced and functional. After completing the note recording software appeal survey it was discovered that the respondents consider Sibelius 6 as the most appealing and coherent program.

<p>Tema ovog rada jeste poezija britanske popularne kulture dvadesetog veka, odnosno, stihovi pop i rok pesama britanskih muzičkih autora. Polazna teza disertacije jeste to da se tekstovi popularnih pesama mogu smatrati poezijom, te da se uobičajene metode koje se koriste pri analizi tradicionalnog pesničkog stvarala&scaron;tva mogu upotrebiti i kada je reč o pop i rok tekstu.<br />Iako se popularna muzika odavno posmatra kao bitan činilac u kulturi dvadesetog i dvadeset prvog veka, i kao takva jeste predmet brojnih kritičkih studija, primećuje se iznenađujuća činjenica da se te studije uglavnom bave njenom kulturolo&scaron;ko-sociolo&scaron;kom ulogom, zbog čega je i istražuju upravo iz tog ugla. Za razliku od njih, ovaj rad se usredsređuje na pesničke elemente popularne muzike (poetika), i to tako &scaron;to ih tumači kao i svaki drugi književni tekst (hermeneutika). Ponekad se ovoj analizi dodaje i muzikolo&scaron;ka, jer se značenje popularnih pesama stvara kombinacijom tekstualnog i muzičkog aspekta.<br />U odabiru bendova koji su postavljeni u sredi&scaron;te analize od velike koristi bila je teorija Kira Kitlija (Keir Keightley) o romantičarkoj i modernističkoj autentičnosti popularne muzike. S obzirom na to da su studije popularne muzike uglavnom posvećene romantičarsko autentičnim stvaraocima, predmet istraživanja ove disertacije jesu tri modernističko autentične grupe, a to su Bitlsi (The Beatles), Kvin (Queen) i Mjuz (Muse). Njihovi tekstovi su tematski podeljeni u četiri grupe: pesme o ljubavi, narativne pesme, pesme o unutra&scaron;njem svetu i pesme o spolja&scaron;njem svetu; i analizirani su u skladu sa takvom podelom.<br />Nakon izvr&scaron;ene analize, izveden je zaključak da se tekstovi rok i pop pesama uistinu mogu smatrati poezijom, čak i kada stihovni element neke pesme služi pre svega kao pratnja muzičkom. Na ovaj način, utvrđeno je da pop i rok poeziji i te kako pripada mesto u &scaron;irokoj i raznorodnoj oblasti pesničkog stvarala&scaron;tva.</p> / <p>The topic of this research was the poetry of 20th century British popular culture, i.e., the lyrics of pop and rock songs written by British authors. The basic thesis of the dissertation was the idea that popular music lyrics can be considered to be poetry, and that the usual methods used to analyse traditional poetry can thus also be used in the analysis of pop and rock lyrics.<br />Even though popular music has long been considered a valuable factor in the 20th and 21st century culture, therefore being the topic of numerous critical studies, most of these studies have, surprisingly, been focused almost exclusively on the culturological and sociological importance of popular music and have thus approached it accordingly. This research is instead focused on its poetical elements (poetics), interpreting them as it would any other kind of literary text (hermeneutics). Sometimes, musicological element is also added to the analysis, given that the meaning of popular songs is created by the combination of both text and music.<br />Keir Keightley&rsquo;s theory of Romantic and Modernist authenticity in music has been greatly helpful in choosing the bands on which the research was to focus. Since popular music studies mostly deal with Romantic authenticity, three bands which display Modernist<br />vii<br />authenticity &ndash; The Beatles, Queen, and Muse &ndash; were here chosen as subjects instead. Their lyrics were divided into four thematic groups: songs about love, narrative songs, songs about the inner world, and songs about the outer world; they were analysed according to these thematic focuses.<br />After the analysis was done, the following conclusion was drawn: pop and rock lyrics can indeed be considered poetry, even when the textual element is only secondary to the musical one. It has thus been proved that pop and rock texts should be regarded as part of the vast and varied area of poetry in general</p>

<p>Danas je gotovo nepoznat podatak da na katedrama za gudačke instrumente na akademijama umetnosti u regionu od ukupnog broja diplomiranih kadrova većinu čine žene. Otuda je vredna istraživačke pažnje analiza procesa obrazovanja i profesionalnog delovanja u njihovim sredinama tog značajnog broja muzički visoko obrazovanih žena. Upoređivanjem podataka iz tri akademske sredine jugoslovenskog prostora dolazimo do značajnih zaključaka za istoriju ženskog muzičkog nasleđa u regionu na ovom prostoru i za metodiku rada sa budućim kadrovima.<br />Cilj istraživanja je prikupljanje, selekcija i interpretacija podataka o životu diplomiranih izvođačica na gudačkim instrumentima u Novom Sadu, Banjaluci i Zagrebu od osnivanja akademskih institucija do danas, kako bi se skrenula pažnja na pitanje konstruisanja identiteta izvođačica tokom i nakon visokog muzičkog obrazovanja.<br />Hipoteza 1 je da značajan broj diplomiranih izvođačica na gudačkim instrumentima doprinosi promeni svesti o važnosti rodnog identiteta u muzičkoj umetnosti u regionu.<br />Hipoteza 2 je da povećan broj diplomiranih izvođačica na gudačkim instrumentima ne doprinosi promeni svesti o važnosti rodnog identiteta u muzičkoj umetnosti u regionu.<br />Hipoteza 3 je da je profesionalni identitet diplomiranih izvođačica na gudačkim instrumentima nadređen svim drugim komponentama identiteta, uključujući i rodni.<br />Korpus obuhvata diplomirane muzičarke gudačkih instrumenata sa Akademije umetnosti u Novom Sadu (20), u Zagrebu (4)i u Banjaluci (8).<br />Analiza 13 komponenata identiteta (detinjstvo, &scaron;kolovanje, devedesete godine 20. veka, brak, deca, maternji jezik, zatim nacionalni, verski, profesionalni identiteti, zdravlje, članstvo u strukovnim udruženjima i političkim strankama, hobi).<br />Rezultati pokazuju da je prva hipoteza samo delimično tačna, te da je treća hipoteza tačna za ukupan uzorak: sve muzičarke prednost daju profesionalnom identitetu od ranog detinjstva. Empirijski podaci ne potvrđuju stereotip da profesija muzičarke i braka, porodice i dece ne idu zajedno.<br />Rezultati istraživanja su važni koliko za novo sačinjavanje istorije muzike i žena u toj oblasti toliko i za rodne studije, koje se staraju za afirmaciju žena u različitim profesijama u dana&scaron;njem vremenu. Posebno rezultati treba da obogate nastavnu i metodičku praksu u domenu muzike na svim nivoima obrazovanja kod nas. Podaci iz ovog rada bi mogli (zapravo, morali) da postanu deo udžbeničke literature. Na ovo se nadovezuju i podaci do kojih je do&scaron;lo ovo istraživanje, a koji svedoče o tome da je u svetu i u regionu jugoslovenskog prostora značajan broj žena doprinosio i jo&scaron; uvek, možda i vi&scaron;e nego ikada ranije, doprinosi razvoju muzike i muzičke kulture.</p> / <p>Today is almost unknown the fact that on the string department at the academies of arts in our region most of the graduated students are women. The analysis of this process is worth the research attention of education and professional activities of this, relatively significant number of graduated women string instrumentalists. By comparing data from three cultural backgrounds of ex-Yugoslav territory we come to significant conclusions for the history of women&#39;s musical heritage in the region in this area and the methodology of work with future personnel.<br />The aim of the research is the collection, selection and interpretation of data about the life of graduated women performers on stringed instruments in Novi Sad, Banja Luka and Zagreb since the establishment of these academic institutions to present day, in order to draw attention to the issue of constructing identity of women performers during and after the higher music education.<br />Hypothesis 1 is that a significant number of female music performance graduates on string instruments contributes to improving the awareness of the importance of gender identity in the music art in the region.<br />Hypothesis 2 is that the increased number of female music performance graduates on string instruments does not contribute to improving the awareness of the importance of gender identity in the music art in the region.<br />Hypothesis 3 that professional identity of the female music performance graduates on string instruments is superior to all other components of identity, including gender.<br />The corpus includes female music performance graduates on string instruments from the Academy of Arts in Novi Sad (20), Zagreb (4) and Banja Luka (8).<br />Analysis of the 13 components of identity (childhood, education, nineties of the 20th century, marriage, children, mother tongue, then national, religious, professional identities, health, membership in professional associations and political parties, hobbies).<br />The results show that the first hypothesis is only partly true, and that the third hypothesis is true for the total sample: all the female musicians prefer the professional identity from early childhood. Empirical data do not confirm the stereotype that the profession of a female musician exclude marriage, family and children.<br />The research results are as important as the new drafting history of music and women in this area so much and for gender studies, which are undertaken for the advancement of women in various professions in modern times. In particular, the results would enrich teaching and methodical practice in the field of music education at all levels in our country. Data from this study could (indeed, must) become a part of textbooks. In addition the data that occurred in this research testify to the fact that in the world and in the region Yugoslav territory a significant number of women contributed, and still, perhaps more than ever, contributes to the development of music and musical culture.</p>

Muzika skambanti bažnyčioje, jos atlikėjai bei atlikimas yra saistomi Bažnyčios dokumentuose nustatytomis normomis, įstatymais, rekomendacijomis, kurie privalomi ir turi būti vykdomi kiekvienoje parapijoje. Magistrinio darbo temą inspiravo daugelyje Bažnyčios dokumentų išsakomas nuogąstavimas dėl nukrypimų nuo sakralinės muzikos tikslo ir padėties: per didelis koncertiškumas, pramoginis muzikos atspalvis, kompozicijų ištęstinumas, nesaikingumas, kuris gali vesti žmogų į bergždžią išsiblaškymą, paviršutiniškumo išraišką. Bažnyčioje neturėtų būti nieko, kas trikdytų ar mažintų tikinčiųjų pamaldumą, kas keltų papiktinimą nepasitenkinimą, kas nusižengtų liturgijos sakralumui. Muzika yra pavaldi pamaldoms. Todėl žmogaus santykis su sakraline muzika ir raiškos savastis yra labai tampriai susiję ir vienas kitam daro įtaką. Muzika turi pajėgti žmogaus sielą pakelti į maldingą bendravimą su Viešpačiu. O už žmogaus ir sakralios muzikos sklaidą atsako bažnyčia, kompozitoriai, vargonininkai, choro vadovai, giedotojai, bendruomenė, instrumentalistai. Todėl savo darbe analizavau šias tarnystes, aiškindamasi kaip jos galėtų pasitarnauti žmogaus pamaldumo augimui ir sakralios muzikos skleidimui. Magistriniame darbe buvo siekiama: apibūdinti žmogaus santykį su sakraline muzika pagal Katalikų Bažnyčios dokumentus; apibūdinti giesmininkų reikšmę liturgijoje ir jų dažniausiai daromas klaidas; suformuoti muzikanto tarnystės reikalavimus; apibrėžti instrumentų naudojimą liturgijoje; patikrinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Church music, its character and its performers have to conform to the norms provided by the documents of the Church. The laws and recommendations found in these documents are obligatory for every parish. This master paper has been inspired by the regret of the Church documents about some deviations from the aim and the true role of sacral music, such as concert–like style, the shade of pop music, prolonged composition, lack of taste, etc. This can lead people to absent-mindedness and superficiality in prayer. Nothing in the church should decrease people’s concentration or the holiness of the liturgy. Music must be second to liturgy, it must lift people’s souls to pious communication with God. Therefore, man’s relationship with sacral music and its expression influence one another. The quality of this relationship and of the music in church is the responsibility of the parish, of composers, organists, choir directors, singers, instrument players and of the community as a whole. Thus, this paper deals with all of these ministries and their role in helping church music to increase people’s piety. The paper aims at showing people’s relationship with sacral music according to the documents of the Catholic Church, as well as the role of the singers in the liturgy and the most frequent mistakes they make. The paper also tries to formulate the requirements for musical service and the use of instruments in the liturgy. We have investigated into the opinions of church organists in... [to full text]

<p>Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvr&scaron;i kontrastivna ana-<br />IZ liza žanra tekstova o klasičnoj muzici na engleskom i srpskom jeziku koja bi omogućila predstavljanje ključnih jezičkih i sadržajnih sličnosti i razlika koje postoje među njima. U sklopu analize, žanr tekstova o klasičnoj muzici je sagledan i predstavljen kroz različite aspekte, a obavljena je i opsežna jezička analiza korpusa tekstova iz žanra, posebno za tekstove na engleskom jeziku i za one na srpskom. Nakon toga, obavljena je kontrastivna analiza, pomoću koje su uporedno sagledani rezultati dobijeni analizom žanra. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom radu mogu naći primjenu u četiri različita područja: u lingvističkim teorijama iz oblasti analize žanra i kontrastivne analize, pri upotrebi i kreiranju tekstova o klasičnoj muzici u okviru diskursne zajednice profesionalnih muzičara, prevođenju tekstova o klasičnoj muzici sa engleskog jezika na srpski i obrnuto i u nastavi engleskog jezika struke na visokoobrazovnim institucijama iz oblasti muzičke umjetnosti.</p> / <p>The aim of the paper was to perform a contrastive<br />AB genre analysis of texts on classical music in English and Serbian which would enable the presentation of key linguistic similarities and differences which exist between them. Within the analysis, the genre of texts on classical music was observed and presented through different aspects, and a comprehensive linguistic analysis of texts from the genre was performed as well, separately for texts in English and the ones in Serbian. After that, a contrastive analysis was performed, and by means of it the results obtained by the genre analysis were viewed comparatively. The results obtained in this paper introduce the genre of texts on classical music in the literature dedicated to genre analysis and contrastive analysis and can be applied in four different areas: linguistic theories dedicated to genre analysis and contrastive analysis, use and creation of texts on classical music within the discourse community of professional musicians, translation of texts on classical music from English to Serbian and vice<br />versa and ESP teaching at highe</p>

Illustration of Czech popular music sheet covers in the first half of the 20th century Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the visual form of popular music sheet covers published in selected publishers in the first half of the 20th century, especially on small formats of the twenties to forties. Many Czech as well as several foreign artists influenced by various artistic tendencies took part in the artistic processing of the covers. The creation of a large part of them is closely connected with illustration, poster creation and advertising activities. Some artists have been creating covers systematically and we can find their work in several publishers, but for some this activity was only a short episode in their work. The resulting prints of music sheet covers obtained in the institutions that collect them are documented and evaluated here - especially the Music Department of the National Library and the Czech Museum of Music belonging to the National Museum in Prague. In some cases, this section also records the original illustrations stored in the Museum of Applied Arts in Prague, which were very helpful in identifying the artistic practices. It is clear from this diploma thesis that the illustrations of these sheet music, which have not been given space in the literature so far, are an important...

<p>Уводно поглавље садржи образложење наслова и предмета студије, као и критичку анализу досадашњих музиколошких радова о српској црквеној хорској музици између два светска рата. Следеће поглавље посвећено је Традиционалној црквеној уметности, њеним основним појмовима и тумачењима у 20. веку. У њему су теоријски разрађени теолошки аспекти аутентичног<br />црквеног уметничког стваралаштва, са посебним освртом на проблем уметничког<br />символа и његовог функционисања у литургијској перспективи, те месту музике у<br />богослужењу као сложеној синтези више уметничких врста. Поглавље Црквено-<br />уметничко стваралаштво и црквена хорска музика у српској култури између два светска рата доноси контекстуално сагледавање црквене хорске музике са црквеним сликарством и црквеном архитектуром тога времена, тумачећи достигнућа српских композитора као део укупног процеса развоја православне уметности под дејством традиционалних и модерних елемената. У четвртом поглављу Историја жанра кроз сагледавање богослужбених и концертних елемената &ndash; стилско-аналитички наратив као централном делу студије извршена је подела посматраних композиција према стваралачким принципима од наједноставнијих обрада и хармонизација напева до сложених и веома оригиналних поступака са и без сличности са црквеним мелодијама. Примарна анализа допуњена је сагледавањем жанровско-извођачких карактеристика (доминантно богослужбена или концертна пракса) које значајно доприносе одређивању односа између функционалних и уметничких елемената осматраних остварења. У последњем поглављу Закључак поред сумирања најзначајнијих релевантних чињеница из претходног тока студије, уз помоћ одређивања опште хијерархије односа између композиционих поступака (превласт западног или православног елемента), као и кроз препознавање типологије начина усвајања конвенција (спровођење композиционих решења) објективно се дефинишу достигнућа српских аутора црквене хорске музике међуратног периода.<br />Успостављени критеријум третира оба својства ове музике: традиционалну<br />вредност у домену литургијско-функционалне употребе, као и уметнички<br />квалитет по себи, у оквирима укупног развоја српске музике током прве половине 20. века.</p> / <p>Uvodno poglavlje sadrži obrazloženje naslova i predmeta studije, kao i kritičku analizu dosadašnjih muzikoloških radova o srpskoj crkvenoj horskoj muzici između dva svetska rata. Sledeće poglavlje posvećeno je Tradicionalnoj crkvenoj umetnosti, njenim osnovnim pojmovima i tumačenjima u 20. veku. U njemu su teorijski razrađeni teološki aspekti autentičnog<br />crkvenog umetničkog stvaralaštva, sa posebnim osvrtom na problem umetničkog<br />simvola i njegovog funkcionisanja u liturgijskoj perspektivi, te mestu muzike u<br />bogosluženju kao složenoj sintezi više umetničkih vrsta. Poglavlje Crkveno-<br />umetničko stvaralaštvo i crkvena horska muzika u srpskoj kulturi između dva svetska rata donosi kontekstualno sagledavanje crkvene horske muzike sa crkvenim slikarstvom i crkvenom arhitekturom toga vremena, tumačeći dostignuća srpskih kompozitora kao deo ukupnog procesa razvoja pravoslavne umetnosti pod dejstvom tradicionalnih i modernih elemenata. U četvrtom poglavlju Istorija žanra kroz sagledavanje bogoslužbenih i koncertnih elemenata &ndash; stilsko-analitički narativ kao centralnom delu studije izvršena je podela posmatranih kompozicija prema stvaralačkim principima od najednostavnijih obrada i harmonizacija napeva do složenih i veoma originalnih postupaka sa i bez sličnosti sa crkvenim melodijama. Primarna analiza dopunjena je sagledavanjem žanrovsko-izvođačkih karakteristika (dominantno bogoslužbena ili koncertna praksa) koje značajno doprinose određivanju odnosa između funkcionalnih i umetničkih elemenata osmatranih ostvarenja. U poslednjem poglavlju Zaključak pored sumiranja najznačajnijih relevantnih činjenica iz prethodnog toka studije, uz pomoć određivanja opšte hijerarhije odnosa između kompozicionih postupaka (prevlast zapadnog ili pravoslavnog elementa), kao i kroz prepoznavanje tipologije načina usvajanja konvencija (sprovođenje kompozicionih rešenja) objektivno se definišu dostignuća srpskih autora crkvene horske muzike međuratnog perioda.<br />Uspostavljeni kriterijum tretira oba svojstva ove muzike: tradicionalnu<br />vrednost u domenu liturgijsko-funkcionalne upotrebe, kao i umetnički<br />kvalitet po sebi, u okvirima ukupnog razvoja srpske muzike tokom prve polovine 20. veka.</p> / <p>The introductory chapter contains an<br />explanation of titles and subjects of the paper,<br />critical analysis of previous musicological<br />works on Serbian Church Choral Music of the<br />period between two World Wars. The following<br />chapter is devoted to the Traditional Church<br />Art, its basic elements and interpretations from<br />20th century. This part of the study brings the<br />crucial theological aspects of the authentic<br />Church аrt, with the special attention to the<br />problem of artistic symbol and its function in<br />the liturgical perspective, as well as the position<br />of music in the liturgical service as synthesis of<br />several disciplines of art. The chapter named<br />Church-artistic practice and Church Choral<br />Music in the Serbian culture between the two<br />World Wars brings contextual view over the<br />Church Choral Music together with the Church<br />visual art and Church architecture of the period<br />understanding the composers efforts as part of<br />the whole artistic evolution of the Orthodox art<br />under traditional and modern influences. The<br />fourth chapter The history of the genre through<br />the balance of the liturgical and concert<br />elements as a central part of the study offers<br />segmentation of the composed music on the<br />basis of compositional approach from the<br />simple harmonisations to the original and<br />complex attitudes with or without the usage of<br />the chant. This kind of basic analyse is followed<br />by the division of the performing characteristics<br />(the dominant liturgical or concert practice)<br />which can help in understanding the relation<br />between functional and artistic elements of this<br />choral genre. The final chapter Conclusion<br />beside summaries of the most important facts<br />from the previous parts of the study, through the<br />definition of hierarchy of the relations between<br />compositional approaches (the domination of<br />Western or Orthodox elements) and recognition<br />the typology of the usage of conventions (the<br />guidance of compositional solutions) brings<br />objective evaluation of the Church Choral<br />Music composed by the Serbian authors of this<br />period. The final reached criteria offers the<br />evaluation of both meanings of this music: its<br />traditional level of liturgical and functional role<br />and its artistic value as part of the general<br />development of the Serbian music of first part<br />of 20th century.</p> / null

Primary art schools enjoy a long tradition in our country. The Primary Art School ``Kochana z Prachové{\crqq} in Strakonice celebrates already the 70th anniversary of its foundation. It is surprising that nobody has attempted to elaborate a comprehensive work concerning its history for the whole period. With respect to the fact that I have been teaching the piano playing here since 2006 and therefore I have become a part of it, I have chosen just the history thereof as the subject of my thesis. The Primary Art School participates in many cultural activities of the town of Strakonice and it is an important educational institution because it provides education to 750 pupils in four subjects - the musical, graphic, dancing and literary-dramatic ones and it prepares talented pupils for the study at secondary schools, colleges and universities focused on arts.