The publicelion of Biich in lismayed or infin iated those erities who had with Evelyn early comic novels.It seems that jaugh's apparent obsession with the upper class and fatholicism is horrible.repel- lent unpardenable. Howeyer.the sacred and profane meneries of caplain Byder are nol exclusivelv divided;rather.linny crilicize and counterbalan- ce each other.As a result.the imelies no wholehearted embrace of an ualue. The firet aim of this thesis is to explore the ambivalence of emotious th- nouah the ambiauous narrative--how time dislance does not offer the tone but tosters the nostalaic mood instead.The cmestion of Evelyn waugh's snobbery is the main issue in the second chadter.The last chapter cente- rs on the narrative which reveals that the profane proves to be the holv. The author hopes that this study can shed chariivino lish' an this often misread novel. #50010343.abs #50010343.abs

Capitalising on the power of nostalgic branding, requires understanding a consumer’s past experience with a brand. Nostalgia is a powerful influential factor that marketers should look at utilising correctly in order for them to successfully leverage off nostalgia and existing relationships between the consumer and the brand. This research has been conducted in order to gain a richer understanding of the nostalgic connections that consumers form with brands. Eight credible female respondents between the ages of 45 - 60, born and raised in Soweto, and who have attained tertiary qualification, were selected for the study. A selective criterion was designed to derive quality and depth in the research findings. The semi-structured interview technique was used for the qualitative research study. The findings revealed that brand nostalgia is rooted at different stages within the consumer’s decision process, depending on the brand and product category. The relationship between nostalgia and the derived benefits from the brands are not always as clear-cut as most marketers think. These benefits can be attained during the use of the brand or at the end of the consumption process. If the benefit does not fit the consumer’s current lifestyle, then the relationship will remain as a memory and the brand will not be purchased no matter how strong the nostalgic connection is between the consumer and brand.The research study was carried out to give marketers a guideline on optimising and capitalising on brand nostalgia. Further recommendations were made to assist future research on this topic, and to help marketers find ways of effectively leveraging off nostalgic connections that consumers form with brands. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Yes / With a long history and strong culinary heritage, time-honored restaurants are often associated with the phenomenon of nostalgia. However, research on nostalgia and nostalgic experiences in time-honored restaurants is largely absent. This study built a framework for nostalgic experiences to understand nostalgia triggers as antecedents and consumers’ revisit intention as the outcome. A survey of 366 residents in Beijing and Shanghai, China, revealed that nostalgia triggered by food and service staff significantly evoked consumers’ memories, and the food and restaurant environment stimulated the communitas component of nostalgic experiences. Memory had a positive effect on both communitas and positive emotions, while communitas had a positive effect on positive emotions. Finally, positive emotions resulted in significantly increased revisit intention.

Nostalgia in consumer behavior is shown to be effective. Every generation has their own views of nostalgia. Their ability, proneness and intensity to process nostalgia is different for each generation. The Chinese one-child generation in terms of their special growth environment and characteristics was chosen as the object of study. The thesis begins with the model of nostalgic consumption. The model includes the indirect factors towards nostalgia proneness, the direct factors towards nostalgia intensity and the consumption of nostalgic products. Two qualitative methods were used to collect data, which are the focus group and the individual interview. Two nostalgic brands, one Finnish brand Nokia and a Chinese brand Arctic Ocean Soda (AOS) were used to encourage the discussion of the focus group. There are some surprised results came from the focus group and the following individual interview. These results helped to refine the model. Finally, some suggestions were given to Nokia and AOS companies about how to attract Chinese one-child generation.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine nostalgic art through the usage of water tropes in Virginia Woolf’s 1915 novel The Voyage Out. Previous research on nostalgic aesthetics found that tropes play a crucial role in eliciting nostalgic emotions in the reader. These studies were primarily conducted using close reading approaches. Therefore, it is important to experiment with corpus methods to determine how they can aid this method in future analyses. Consequently, the purpose of this research is to present corpus techniques in nostalgic art as a new method for assisting in understanding authorial style. Moreover, this study employs The Voyage Out as a text file to study potential tropes via the corpus techniques. This thesis adds to the study of Woolf’s works by providing new insights intonature, notably water-related themes, in her style, as well as filling a gap in Woolf’s first debut that has been overlooked by previous academics. The findings of this study suggest that using corpus techniques such as frequencies and concordance lines as an assistant provided fresh insights into the novel by displaying frequent water elements that are used as tropes, as well as by locating examples swiftly and effortlessly.

Background: Nostalgia in marketing has become increasingly popular but the need for research within the field is prominent with a lack of models, approaches, and mediators of effectively using nostalgia in marketing, especially using nostalgic music in advertisements. The definition of nostalgia is an ambivalent feeling, including both fondness and sadness, when reminiscing about the past. Previous research has shown that nostalgia in marketing is beneficial as it can influence consumer behaviour. Combining nostalgia and music with advertising is an unexplored area of marketing research and is therefore an interesting and important topic to investigate further. Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate nostalgic music and its effect on brand affection and consequently consumer behaviour, as well as if using nostalgic music is an effective marketing strategy in advertising.  Method: A quantitative and deductive research approach was chosen for this study with an experimental research design. Two manipulation checks were conducted to define nostalgic music and facilitate the isolation of nostalgia. An experiment with three different groups was conducted where respondents viewed an advertisement with or without the stimulus of nostalgic music.  Findings: The result of the study showed that nostalgic music in advertising does not affect brand affection and therefore has no impact on the key marketing metrics word of mouth and purchase intention. Nostalgic music is therefore not an effective marketing strategy that is aimed towards individuals in their late adolescence

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Submitted by Francisca Flávia Plutarco Lopes (flaviaplutarco@hotmail.com) on 2015-10-05T15:59:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Francisca Flávia Plutarco Lopes.pdf: 3993456 bytes, checksum: 341c14f4df179085fede73ab7acd5719 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2015-10-05T19:53:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Francisca Flávia Plutarco Lopes.pdf: 3993456 bytes, checksum: 341c14f4df179085fede73ab7acd5719 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-06T12:12:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Francisca Flávia Plutarco Lopes.pdf: 3993456 bytes, checksum: 341c14f4df179085fede73ab7acd5719 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-08 / This study analyzes the influence of nostalgic appeal (in products and messages) in consumer attitude. I provide a literature review on the concept and studies about nostalgia to develop hypotheses and variables related to nostalgia. To investigate the relationship between the nostalgic appeal of the message and the product and the attitude toward the advertising, the attitude toward the product and purchase intention, a qualitative research through interviews with thirteen people, six consumer and seven professionals related to the theme. The analysis of interviews were conducted by content analysis. The results were categorized and resulting proposals of the interviews were developed on the mark whit nostalgic appeal and influence on consumer identification and purchase intention, the time of the relationship in a social group with proneness to nostalgia of the group members and the purchase intention and the nostalgic appeal (in products and messages) and purchase intention moderate by the appreciation level of consumer for its culture. This research, with the literature review, served as empirical basis for the quantitative study and hypotheses related to the nostalgic appeal in the product and in the message moderate by involvement with the product and proneness to nostalgia and the influences in attitude toward the ad, attitude toward the product and purchase intention. For the quantitative work were realized two studies, one study was pilot test, were conducted with three experiments each that allowed the test of hypotheses through analysis of variance and covariance analysis. Among the results, it was observed that the combined use between nostalgic appeal in the message and in the product has a better effect on the presentation of an advertisement which facilitates the consumers understanding. The nostalgic appeal in the product directly influenced the attitude towards the advertisement, attitude toward the product and purchase intention. The differences between genders and social classes in the respondents and the finding concerning the involvement with the product and the proneness to nostalgia as covariates were highlighted. In the end, the final considerations, the theoretical and practical implications, limitations and future directions. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a influência do apelo nostálgico na atitude do consumidor. O trabalho foi iniciado com uma revisão de literatura sobre a conceituação e os estudos sobre a nostalgia, em seguida, o desenvolvimento das hipóteses e possíveis variáveis relacionadas à nostalgia. Para verificar a relação entre o apelo nostálgico da mensagem e do produto e a atitude em relação à propaganda, a atitude em relação ao produto e a intenção de compra, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de entrevistas com treze pessoas, seis consumidores e sete profissionais de áreas relacionadas ao tema. A análise das entrevistas foi realizada pela análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram categorizados e foram desenvolvidas proposições advindas das entrevistas sobre a marca com apelo nostálgico e a influência na identificação do consumidor e a intenção de compra, o tempo de relacionamento de um grupo social com a propensão à nostalgia dos membros do grupo e a intenção de compra e o apelo nostálgico (em produtos e mensagens) e a intenção de compra moderados pelo nível de valorização do consumidor pela sua cultura. Esta pesquisa, juntamente com a pesquisa bibliográfica, serviu de base empírica para o estudo quantitativo e para as hipóteses da pesquisa relacionadas ao apelo nostálgico no produto e na mensagem moderados pelo envolvimento com o produto e a propensão à nostalgia e as influências na atitude em relação à propaganda, atitude em relação ao produto e na intenção de compra. Para o trabalho quantitativo foram realizados dois estudos, um estudo foi de caráter piloto, com três experimentos cada que permitiram o teste das hipóteses por meio de análise de variância e análise de covariância. Entre os resultados, observou-se que o uso combinado entre o apelo nostálgico na mensagem e no produto possui um efeito melhor na apresentação de uma propaganda o que facilita a compreensão dos consumidores. O apelo nostálgico no produto influenciou diretamente na atitude em relação à propaganda, atitude em relação ao produto e na intenção de compra. As diferenças entre os sexos e as classes sociais dos respondentes e o achado em relação ao envolvimento com o produto e a propensão à nostalgia como covariáveis foram evidenciados. Ao final, são apresentadas as considerações finais, as implicações teóricas e práticas, as limitações e direcionamentos futuros.

Thesis compares Czech railway passenger transport with Swiss railway transport for the purpose of more effective use of railway transport in domestic and incoming tourism of the Czech Republic. According to chosen standards are analysed Czech Railways and Swiss Railways with respect to quality and variety of provided services, prices, ways of ticket sales, trains and promotion. Research shows how Czech tourists use services of Czech Railways and how they like them.