The aim of this study was to determine the information-seeking behaviour, needs and preferences of doctors, specifically with reference to Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) in the UK. This is particularly relevant during the current IT and resource development currently being undertaken in the NHS. Mixed methods research techniques were utilised to gather and analyse the data collected to meet the aims and objectives of this study. Three data collection methods have been utilised. The first utilised Clinical Librarians to count the information needs (questions) of doctors (Clinical Librarians Logs). The second data collection method gathered clinical questions from clinical librarians (specialists), medical librarians (generalists) and from websites hosting clinical questions (such as http://www.attract.wales.nhs.uk). These were analysed using the taxonomy developed by Ely et al. 2000. Finally an online questionnaire was used to gather data on doctors' awareness and use of electronic EBM resources. The major finding is that research undertaken on the information needs in the healthcare sector in the USA cannot be readily utilised in the NHS. This research utilised a unique data collection technique, the Clinical Librarian as a data collector. This enabled the quantification of doctors unperceived information needs. This research identified that doctors in the UK asked roughly one question for every four patients seen. Despite the advances and ease of use of electronic resources, the preferred information source was colleagues. Time continues to be the major barrier for accessinge lectronici nformation to aid clinical decision making.

Since the improved people’s living standard, luxury buying has increasingly spread in popularity, especially in developing countries. Conspicuous consumption has resulted in this luxury buying among consumers. This mentality leads to consumers to achieve their own goal through luxury goods, such as reflecting their status, showing the uniqueness and so on. In order to buy their favorite luxury goods, consumers try different channels and overseas buying is the main channel for them. Under this situation, China as the second-biggest luxury market, the demand for overseas luxury among Chinese consumer has credit raised. It is therefore important for conducting consumer behavior research to analyze this phenomenon and identify corresponding factors that lead consumers buying luxury abroad. The purpose of the research is to understand the phenomenon of the consumers buying luxury goods overseas and to identify the corresponding factor for the luxury shop or the company which could conduct managerial implication to encourage consumers buying domestically. Since the improved people’s living standard, luxury buying has increasingly spread in popularity, especially in developing countries. Conspicuous consumption has resulted in this luxury buying among consumers. This mentality leads to consumers to achieve their own goal through luxury goods, such as reflecting their status, showing the uniqueness and so on. In order to buy their favorite luxury goods, consumers try different channels and overseas buying is the main channel for them. Under this situation, China as the second-biggest luxury market, the demand for overseas luxury among Chinese consumer has credit raised. It is therefore important for conducting consumer behavior research to analyze this phenomenon and identify corresponding factors that lead consumers buying luxury abroad. The purpose of the research is to understand the phenomenon of the consumers buying luxury goods overseas and to identify the corresponding factor for the luxury shop or the company which could conduct managerial implication to encourage consumers buying domestically.

TABOSA, Hamilton Rodrigues. Modelo integrativo sobre o comportamento do usuário na busca e uso da informação: aplicação na área da Saúde. 2016. 177 f. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação, Paraíba, 2016. / Submitted by Lidya Silva (nagylla.lidya@gmail.com) on 2016-07-15T15:23:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_hrtabosa.pdf: 2037939 bytes, checksum: d343dfd86868f06692a8617698c8b448 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2016-07-15T18:01:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_hrtabosa.pdf: 2037939 bytes, checksum: d343dfd86868f06692a8617698c8b448 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T18:01:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_hrtabosa.pdf: 2037939 bytes, checksum: d343dfd86868f06692a8617698c8b448 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / The objective of this thesis is to build an integrative model of search behavior and use of information based on the models of Ellis (1989), Krikelas (1983), Kuhlthau (1991), Taylor (1986) and Wilson (1981, 1996 and 1999) and validate it through the application with the information of users not specialized in healthcare (patients, except for students and professionals). The theoretical foundation came from the study of these models, as well as specialized literature in relation to the identification of information needs, search processes and use of information, in addition to addressing the concepts of Information and Health Science, as well as behavioral studies from theoretical psychology area. Through a phenomenological study, we build an integration of models and consolidate the final proposal for a single integrative model of search behavior and use of information. For validation, interviews were conducted in-depth and technical application of the critical incident with General Hospital patients of the Dr. Carls César de Oliveira, in Fortaleza. The theoretical and practical research presented validates the integrative model of search behavior and use of the proposed information as a tool to identify regularities about the search behavior and use of information unskilled users in healthcare and is also capable of application in the study of other audiences, characterized as a general model of search behavior and use of information. This statement stems from the fact that all aspects, phases and stages of the information behavior of the subjects in this study fall (are represented) in the integrative model built, being able to bring these results: the subjects of this research feel the need for information as soon realize a disease in themselves or a family member; they throw themselves in the search for information immediately, even without knowing formal sources of information in the area, through the Web, performing Google searches through popular terms and description of symptoms; at the beginning of the search, they feel insecure for not knowing the most effective words to use in the search strategies, but rely on Google's capability to provide information they deem relevant; they don´t admit, but prefer informal sources of information, which spread testimonials from others who have experienced the same health problems, and are able to identify drugs; there are users who only seek medical attention when they can not find treatment and healing on their own Web; there are users who seek information to better understand and talk about her condition with the doctor; they have urgency in the search for information because they rush in curing the disease not only because of the physical nuisance they cause, but also for fear of losing their jobs due to the delivery of medical certificates and away from social contact with family and friends; the Web is used as a means of access to information that is used for self-diagnosis and self-medication. Research on the search behavior and use of information made from the application of integrative model will bring wider results and provide scientific inputs that can be used by managers of information units at the planning and implementation of products and services. / O objetivo desta tese é construir um modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso de informação com base nos modelos de Ellis (1989), Krikelas (1983), Kuhlthau (1991), Taylor (1986) e Wilson (1981, 1996 e 1999), e validá-lo por meio da aplicação junto a usuários de informação não especializados na área da Saúde (pacientes, excetuando-se estudantes e profissionais da área). A fundamentação teórica partiu do estudo desses modelos, bem como da literatura especializada no que se refere à identificação de necessidades informacionais, processos de busca e uso da informação, além de abordar os conceitos de Ciência da Informação e Saúde, bem como dos estudos comportamentais a partir de teóricos da área de Psicologia. Por meio de um estudo fenomenológico, construímos uma integração dos modelos supracitados e consolidamos a proposta final de um único modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso de informação. Para sua validação, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade e aplicação da técnica do incidente crítico com pacientes do Hospital Geral Dr. César Carls de Oliveira, em Fortaleza. A investigação teórico-prática apresentada valida o modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso da informação proposto, como uma ferramenta capaz de identificar regularidades quanto ao comportamento de busca e uso de informação de usuários não especializados na área da saúde, sendo também passível de aplicação no estudo de outros públicos-alvo, caracterizando-se como um modelo generalista de comportamento de busca e uso de informação. Essa afirmação decorre do fato de que todos os aspectos, fases e etapas do comportamento informacional dos sujeitos desta pesquisa se inserem (estão representados) no modelo integrativo construído, sendo capaz de trazer resultados dentre os quais destacamos: os sujeitos desta pesquisa sentem necessidade de informação tão logo percebem uma doença em si próprio ou em alguém de sua família; eles se lançam na busca por informação imediatamente, mesmo sem conhecer fontes formais de informação na área, por meio da Web, realizando buscas no Google, através de termos populares e descrição dos sintomas; no início das buscas, eles se sentem inseguros por desconhecerem os termos mais eficientes para usar nas estratégias de busca, mas confiam na potencialidade do Google de fornecer informações que possam julgar relevantes; não admitem, mas preferem fontes de informação informais, que veiculem depoimentos de outros indivíduos que passaram pelos mesmos problemas de saúde, e que sejam capazes de indicar medicamentos; há usuários de informação que só procuram assistência médica quando não conseguem encontrar tratamento e cura por conta própria na Web; há usuários que procuram informação para melhor compreender e dialogar sobre seu problema de saúde com o médico; eles têm urgência na busca por informação por terem pressa na cura da doença não só por causa dos incômodos físicos que elas causam, mas também por temerem perder seus empregos devido à entrega de atestados médicos e se afastar do convívio social com a família e amigos; a Web é utilizada como forma de acesso a informações que são utilizadas para o autodiagnóstico e automedicação. Pesquisas sobre o comportamento de busca e uso de informação realizados a partir da aplicação do modelo integrativo trarão resultados mais amplos e fornecerão insumos científicos que poderão ser utilizados por gestores de unidades de informação no momento do planejamento e implementação de produtos e serviços.

Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-27T19:00:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2034852 bytes, checksum: 58edc98ea145ae168d1582b70b0e2a3b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T19:00:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2034852 bytes, checksum: 58edc98ea145ae168d1582b70b0e2a3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / The objective of this thesis is to build an integrative model of search behavior and use of information based on the models of Ellis (1989), Krikelas (1983), Kuhlthau (1991), Taylor (1986) and Wilson (1981, 1996 and 1999) and validate it through the application with the information of users not specialized in healthcare (patients, except for students and professionals). The theoretical foundation came from the study of these models, as well as specialized literature in relation to the identification of information needs, search processes and use of information, in addition to addressing the concepts of Information and Health Science, as well as behavioral studies from theoretical psychology area. Through a phenomenological study, we build an integration of models and consolidate the final proposal for a single integrative model of search behavior and use of information. For validation, interviews were conducted in-depth and technical application of the critical incident with General Hospital patients of the Dr. Carls César de Oliveira, in Fortaleza. The theoretical and practical research presented validates the integrative model of search behavior and use of the proposed information as a tool to identify regularities about the search behavior and use of information unskilled users in healthcare and is also capable of application in the study of other audiences, characterized as a general model of search behavior and use of information. This statement stems from the fact that all aspects, phases and stages of the information behavior of the subjects in this study fall (are represented) in the integrative model built, being able to bring these results: the subjects of this research feel the need for information as soon realize a disease in themselves or a family member; they throw themselves in the search for information immediately, even without knowing formal sources of information in the area, through the Web, performing Google searches through popular terms and description of symptoms; at the beginning of the search, they feel insecure for not knowing the most effective words to use in the search strategies, but rely on Google's capability to provide information they deem relevant; they don´t admit, but prefer informal sources of information, which spread testimonials from others who have experienced the same health problems, and are able to identify drugs; there are users who only seek medical attention when they can not find treatment and healing on their own Web; there are users who seek information to better understand and talk about her condition with the doctor; they have urgency in the search for information because they rush in curing the disease not only because of the physical nuisance they cause, but also for fear of losing their jobs due to the delivery of medical certificates and away from social contact with family and friends; the Web is used as a means of access to information that is used for self-diagnosis and self-medication. Research on the search behavior and use of information made from the application of integrative model will bring wider results and provide scientific inputs that can be used by managers of information units at the planning and implementation of products and services. / O objetivo desta tese é construir um modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso de informação com base nos modelos de Ellis (1989), Krikelas (1983), Kuhlthau (1991), Taylor (1986) e Wilson (1981, 1996 e 1999), e validá-lo por meio da aplicação junto a usuários de informação não especializados na área da Saúde (pacientes, excetuando-se estudantes e profissionais da área). A fundamentação teórica partiu do estudo desses modelos, bem como da literatura especializada no que se refere à identificação de necessidades informacionais, processos de busca e uso da informação, além de abordar os conceitos de Ciência da Informação e Saúde, bem como dos estudos comportamentais a partir de teóricos da área de Psicologia. Por meio de um estudo fenomenológico, construímos uma integração dos modelos supracitados e consolidamos a proposta final de um único modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso de informação. Para sua validação, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade e aplicação da técnica do incidente crítico com pacientes do Hospital Geral Dr. César Carls de Oliveira, em Fortaleza. A investigação teórico-prática apresentada valida o modelo integrativo de comportamento de busca e uso da informação proposto, como uma ferramenta capaz de identificar regularidades quanto ao comportamento de busca e uso de informação de usuários não especializados na área da saúde, sendo também passível de aplicação no estudo de outros públicos-alvo, caracterizando-se como um modelo generalista de comportamento de busca e uso de informação. Essa afirmação decorre do fato de que todos os aspectos, fases e etapas do comportamento informacional dos sujeitos desta pesquisa se inserem (estão representados) no modelo integrativo construído, sendo capaz de trazer resultados dentre os quais destacamos: os sujeitos desta pesquisa sentem necessidade de informação tão logo percebem uma doença em si próprio ou em alguém de sua família; eles se lançam na busca por informação imediatamente, mesmo sem conhecer fontes formais de informação na área, por meio da Web, realizando buscas no Google, através de termos populares e descrição dos sintomas; no início das buscas, eles se sentem inseguros por desconhecerem os termos mais eficientes para usar nas estratégias de busca, mas confiam na potencialidade do Google de fornecer informações que possam julgar relevantes; não admitem, mas preferem fontes de informação informais, que veiculem depoimentos de outros indivíduos que passaram pelos mesmos problemas de saúde, e que sejam capazes de indicar medicamentos; há usuários de informação que só procuram assistência médica quando não conseguem encontrar tratamento e cura por conta própria na Web; há usuários que procuram informação para melhor compreender e dialogar sobre seu problema de saúde com o médico; eles têm urgência na busca por informação por terem pressa na cura da doença não só por causa dos incômodos físicos que elas causam, mas também por temerem perder seus empregos devido à entrega de atestados médicos e se afastar do convívio social com a família e amigos; a Web é utilizada como forma de acesso a informações que são utilizadas para o autodiagnóstico e automedicação. Pesquisas sobre o comportamento de busca e uso de informação realizados a partir da aplicação do modelo integrativo trarão resultados mais amplos e fornecerão insumos científicos que poderão ser utilizados por gestores de unidades de informação no momento do planejamento e implementação de produtos e serviços.

Many Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICTD) projects are established with the overall aim of positively developing the communities they are implemented in. However, the solutions that are provided are often commonly developed without the needs of these communities being sufficiently investigated beforehand. As a result the ICTD strategy of the project ends up not well aligned with the aims and targets of the needs of the community. As a result of this, an appropriate programme theory for the project and relevant impact indicators fail to be adequately developed. Consequently, when an impact assessment is conducted it is often found that the intended effects are not directly linked to the needs of the community or what the community had hoped to gain from the ICTD initiative. The purpose of this research serves to develop a needs-ICTD strategy alignment foundation that supports the identification and formulation of impact assessment indicators. Through this research, a framework is developed to support the alignment of ICTD strategy, the development and the promotion of contextual needs of rural communities and other frequently marginalized areas. The Needs-ICTD strategy alignment framework is composed of eight main components that describe the process that can be used to align ICTD strategy with community needs. These components include: collaboration between the internal and external stakeholders, the development of the community, conducting baseline studies, the needs assessment, the ICTD strategy, linking of the needs-ICTD strategy, and lastly the identification of impact indicators. An interpretive research approach is used to explore and inform the framework through a multi-case study investigation of the Siyakhula Living Lab and two projects in the Systems Application Products (SAP) Living Lab. Two main case study questions drive the exploration of the framework, that being: 1) How are the needs of the community elicited and how is the ICTD strategy aligned to the needs of the community? 2) And, why were the selected approaches chosen for aligning the needs of the community and ICTD strategy? Data for this research was collected qualitatively through interviews, document analysis and participant observation. Key findings indicate that the involvement of internal (local) stakeholders in the development and alignment of ICTD strategy to the needs of the community is still lacking. As a consequence, many community members end up not fully understanding the project objectives and how these objectives aims are to be achieved. The research also finds that ‘solution specific’ projects also fail communities as they focus specifically on one target group and repeatedly fail to assist the community holistically in supporting their information and their community development needs.