Thesis (M.A.)--Universiṭat Tel Aviv, 1984. / Title on added t.p.: The Gerar region. At head of title: Universiṭat Ben-Guryon ba-Negev ha-Sifriyah ha-merkazit ʻal shem Zalman Aran.

University, Diss., 2005--Würzburg. / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2004.

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In a three-year study the current aeolian transportation processes were examined in a linear dune area previously used for grazing near Nizzana at the Israeli-Egyptian border. The research area was subject to heavy grazing across the border, which led to the total destruction of the natural vegetation in the period of 1967 to 1982. As a consequence, intensified aeolian activity and significant changes of the morphology of the dunes were observed. After the end of the grazingg on the Israeli side, a rapid return of the vegetation in the interdune corridors and on the footslopes of the dunes took place. In addition also a reduction of obviously active areas on the dune crests was observed. The situation on Egyptian territory west the border remained unchanged until today. This study is aimed at understanding the changed aeolian morphodynamics east the border. The emphasis was placed on the investigation of the spatial and temporal distribution of aeolian sand transport as well as on the influencing factors morphology, surface condition and vegetation. / In einer dreijährigen Studie wurden die aktuellen äolischen Transportprozesse in einem vormals beweideten Lineardünengebiet nahe Nizzana an der israelisch-ägyptischen Grenze untersucht. Das Untersuchungsgebiet unterlag im Zeitraum von 1967 bis 1982 grenzüberschreitend starkem Beweidungsdruck, welcher zur vollkommenen Zerstörung der natürlichen Vegetation führte. Als Folge kam es zu verstärkter äolischer Aktivität und signifikanten Veränderungen der Morphologie der Dünen. Nach dem Ende der Beweidung auf israelischer Seite erfolgte dort eine rasche Rückkehr der Vegetation in den Dünengassen und an den Fußbereichen der Dünen. Darüberhinaus wurde auch eine Abnahme der offensichtlich aktiven Bereiche auf den Dünenrücken beobachtet. Die Situation auf ägyptischem Gebiet westlich der Grenze blieb bis heute unverändert. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt darauf ab, die veränderte äolische Morphodynamik östlich der Grenze zu erfassen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Untersuchung der räumlichen und zeitlichen Verteilung des äolischen Sandtransportes sowie der diesen beeinflußenden Faktoren Morphologie, Oberflächenbeschaffenheit und Vegetation.

Zugl.: Marburg, University, Diss., 1999.

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Environmental Studies. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-198). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11804

In this dissertation, I investigate the function of the Roman army in the Negev. Evidence from archaeological survey and excavations of thirty-nine structures reveals that for 700 years Roman sites were situated to serve trade networks. Negev trade goods included frankincense, myrrh, spices, cassia, and silk - the epitome of luxury items in the Roman world. The importation, distribution, and taxation of these goods provided the imperial treasury with a steady revenue stream. Military units monitored road systems, secured supply lines, and performed local policing duties functioning, in effect, as agents of imperial administration. I begin with the period immediately prior to Roman annexation, when the Negev was home to Nabataean traders. This phase (1st c. BCE-1st c. CE) ended with the formation of the province of Arabia, a move likely inspired by the need for new revenue on account of the enormous outlays required by Trajan's Dacian wars. For the next 200 years, the Romans maintained the preexisting Nabataean network. In the early fourth century C.E., about half of the established Roman sites were abandoned and new ones were built along a new route - not as a reaction to localized threats but instead to support more efficient sea-borne trade via Aila, on the Red Sea. In the fifth century nomadic tribes began to cause serious security problems. In response new infantry and cavalry units were posted to the region, but were stationed in existing forts so as to maintain the continued security of the trade networks. In the Negev, the Roman military acted as an extension of imperial administration to support the smooth functioning of trade. The results clarify ancient historical references to the Limes Palaestinae, a term that modern scholars have understood to refer to a militarized defensive line on the Negev frontier. The distribution patterns that I found do not support a military interpretation, either of a defensive strategy or an internal frontier. Rather, the region remained structured around long established Nabataean-era road networks that were used to transport luxury commodities. In the Negev, the Roman army facilitated imperial interests for economic, rather than military, security. / 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

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No description available.

Based on eighteen months fieldwork with Bedouin of the Negev, this thesis explores the varied presence of images as photographs and digital copies for local historicity in order to achieve a greater understanding of representational politics in southern Israel. It emphasizes pictures' ability to transmute, circulate, and acquire value in various social settings in contrast to popular academic treatments, which primarily focus on photographs' iconography and visual history in the Middle East. To do so, the thesis details the biographies of a series of 'significant images' (c. 1906-2010) circulating in this society. It describes their photographic and digital graphic contents as floating referents with the capacity to be coded and recoded by people but also their presence as historical evidence that acquire value in different contexts. The thesis builds on the concept of visual economy as opposed to visual culture in order to landscape images' meanings, material and digital transformations, and their influence for the making of Bedouin history over the last century amid Orientalist, national, and local imaginings. It argues that Bedouin in the Negev possess diverse representational repertoires and utilise a variety of techniques to pursue historical capital. In particular, local representations of the past are selective and instrumental but increasingly reliant on archival mediums such as photographs. Although it may be obvious, anthropologists of the Middle East have yet to adequately account for these occurrences among peripheral peoples and not merely urbanites in the region. Research found that Bedouin spokespersons treat photographs and digital images as evidentiary documentation during self-presentations of historical knowledge in the Negev. As they travel between visual economies, however, images become malleable proof for local history projects alternating between the tribal past, Islamic heritage, and ethnohistory. In conclusion, the thesis develops two theoretical themes in anthropology and visual culture studies of the Middle East: the material and visual efficacy of images for local historicity, and complicating self-representations among Bedouin in the Negev.