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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Infecção de corrente sanguínea em pacientes com câncer ginecológico

Meireles, Luciano de Assis January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-09-29T15:37:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO LUCIANO MEIRELES.pdf: 1043230 bytes, checksum: 20c7f97cfba9488935ee9dcde38c164c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-09-29T15:37:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO LUCIANO MEIRELES.pdf: 1043230 bytes, checksum: 20c7f97cfba9488935ee9dcde38c164c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T15:37:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO LUCIANO MEIRELES.pdf: 1043230 bytes, checksum: 20c7f97cfba9488935ee9dcde38c164c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Instituto Nacional do Câncer / As infecções de corrente sanguínea (ICS) são complicações frequentes em pacientes com câncer. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e microbiológicas das ICS em pacientes com câncer ginecológico. Método: uma série de 311 episódios de ICS com comprovação microbiológica (ICS-CM) detectadas em 288 pacientes com câncer ginecológico assistidas no Hospital do Câncer II de janeiro/2002 a dezembro/2009. Para análise das variáveis categóricas, foram utilizados o teste do qui-quadrado ou o teste exato de Fisher e, para as variáveis contínuas, os testes t de Student, Mann-Whitney ou de regressão linear com cálculo do coeficiente de correlação (R2). P-valores ≤ 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados: 205 (66%) episódios foram hospitalares; 85 (27%) comunitários, 13 (4%) relacionados à assistência à saúde e 8 (2,57%) corresponderam a neutropenia febril. As ICS secundárias foram mais frequentes (148; 47,58%) do que as primárias (141; 45,34%); dentre as secundárias, grande parte deveu-se a infecções urinárias (79; 53,4%). Dentre os 336 microrganismos isolados, os mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (70; 20,83%), Staphylococcus aureus (66; 19,64%), staphylococcus coagulase negativo (SCN; 37; 11,01%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (33; 9,82%) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26; 7,74%). A prevalência global de microrganismos multirresistentes (MMR) foi 17,56% (59 MMR em 336 amostras): 11 (3,27%) amostras de S. aureus resistentes à oxacilina (MRSA), 14 (4,2%) amostras de gramnegativos entéricos resistentes às cefalosporinas de 3ª/4ª geração, 29 (8,63%) amostras de gramnegativos não fermentadores (GNNF) resistentes às cefalosporinas de 3ª/4ª geração, 5 (1,5%) amostras de GNNF resistentes aos carbapenemas. Em 224 (72%) episódios, o escore de Pitt foi ≥2. A mortalidade bruta foi 39,86% (114) com 57,89% (66) dos óbitos relacionados às ICS. Conclusão: as ICS são eventos associados a elevada mortalidade. Estes dados sugerem que as infecções urinárias, de evolução geralmente benigna na população geral, devem ser nas pacientes com câncer ginecológico, objeto de uma abordagem preventiva, diagnóstica e terapêutica mais cuidadosa. Estudos futuros, que avaliem os fatores determinantes para o óbito serão fundamentais para um melhor entendimento do prognóstico dessas pacientes / Bloodstream infections (BSI) are frequent complications in patients with cancer. The goal of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics of these infections in patients with gynecological cancer. Method: a case-series of 311 episodes of laboratory-confirmed BSI detected in 288 patients with gynecological cancer assisted at Hospital do Cancer II from January 2002 to December 2009. Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test were used for analysis of categorical variables and Student's t test, Mann-Whitney or linear regression with correlation coefficients (R2) were used with continuous variables. P-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: 205 (66%) BSI episodes were hospital-acquired; 85 (27%) community acquired; 13 (4%) healthcare-associated and 8 (2.57%) related to febrile neutropenia episodes. Secondary BSI episodes were more frequent (148; 47.58%) than primary cases (141; 45.34%); among the secondary BSI, many resulted from urinary tract infections (79; 53.4%). The most frequent agents among 336 microorganisms detected were Escherichia coli (70, 20.83%), Staphylococcus aureus (66, 19.64%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS; 37, 11.01%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (33, 9.82%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26, 7.74%). The overall prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) agents were 17.56% (59 MDR in 336 isolates): 11 (3.27%) methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, 14 (4.2%) enteric gram-negative isolates resistant to 3rd/4th generation cephalosporins, 29 (8.63%) non-fermentative gramnegative isolates resistant to 3rd/4th generation cephalosporins, 5 (1.5%) non-fermentative gramnegative isolates resistant to carbapenems. In 224 (72%) episodes had Pitt score ≥2. The crude mortality rate was 39.86% (114) with 57.89% (66) deaths were related to BSI. Conclusion: BSI are severe events associated with high mortality. These data suggest that urinary tract infection, mostly a nonthreatening illness in the general population, must have a special preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic approach in patients with gynecological cancer. Further studies assessing the factors predisposing to death will be necessary to a better understand of the prognosis in this population.

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