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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Using Quasi-elastic Events to Measure Neutrino Oscillations with MINOS Detectors in the NuMI Neutrino Beam

Watabe, Masaki 2010 May 1900 (has links)
MINOS (Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search) experiment has been designed to search for a change in the avor composition of a beam of muon neutrinos as they travel between the Near Detector at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the Far Detector in the Soudan mine in Minnesota, 735 km from the target. The MINOS oscillation analysis is mainly performed with the charged current (CC) events and sensitive to constrain high-delta m2 values. However, the quasi-elastic (QEL) charged current interaction is dominant in the energy region important to access low-delta m2 values. For further improvement, the QEL oscillation analysis is performed in this dissertation. A data sample based on a total of 2.50 x 1020 POT is used for this analysis. In summary, 55 QEL-like events are observed at the Far detector while 87.06 +/- 13.17 (syst:) events are expected with null oscillation hypothesis. These data are consistent with vm disappearance via oscillation with delta m2 = 2.10 +/- 0.37 (stat:) +/- 0.24 (syst:) eV2 and the maximal mixing angle.
2

Study of the neutrino mass hierarchy with the atmospheric neutrino data collected in Super-Kamiokande IV / Super-Kamiokande IVにおける大気ニュートリノを用いるニュートリノ質量階層性の研究

Jiang, Miao 23 May 2019 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第21948号 / 理博第4526号 / 新制||理||1650(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)准教授 WENDELL Roger, 教授 中家 剛, 教授 鶴 剛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
3

[en] STUDY OF GRAVITATIONAL LENSES AND SOME APPLICATIONS TO ASTROPHYSICS OF NEUTRINO / [pt] ESTUDO DE LENTES GRAVITACIONAIS E ALGUMAS APLICAÇÕES PARA ASTROFÍSICA DE NEUTRINO

EDWIN ALEXANDER DELGADO INSUASTY 31 October 2014 (has links)
[pt] Nessa dissertação foi realizada uma revisão da teoria elementar das lentes gravitacionais, fazendo ênfase no estudo do efeito que tem a massa dos neutrinos no atraso gravitacional de sinais provenientes de fontes distantes e que são desviados quando passam perto de uma distribuição de massa localizada entre a fonte e o observador. Para isto, dentro dos limites de massa que fornecem os atuais experimentos de oscilação de neutrinos, decaimento beta e a cosmologia, se estudou a contribuição à densidade de energia não relativista que hoje têm os neutrinos de fundo cósmico. Em base a esses resultados, fizemos uma comparação porcentual entre a distância do diâmetro angular para um valor de massa do neutrino permitido e o valor da distância quando a massa é zero. Esta análise foi feita sob o arcabouço do modelo cosmológico padrão para dois casos possíveis da condição de normalização para os parâmetros de densidade de radiação e constante cosmológica são fixos e o segundo caso quando o parâmetro densidade de energia de matéria é fixo como também o parâmetro densidade de radiação e, portanto deixando variáveis os parâmetros densidade de neutrinos na medida do atraso das sinais é desprezível para o primeiro caso e tem uma contribuição de ordem de um por cento para o segundo caso. / [en] In the presente work I carried out an review of the elementar theory of gravitational lensing. It is mainly emphasizing to study the effect it would have neutrino mass in the time delay of signals from distant sources which are deflected due to the presence of a mass distribution that acts as a lens. To do this, for the mass values provided by neutrino oscillation, beta decay experiments and cosmology, we study the presente contribution of cosmic background neutrinos to energy density of universe. Based on these results, it was made a comparison between the angular diameter distance when the mass is zero. All this was done from the perspective of the standard cosmological model under two possible cases for the normalization condition of the energy density parameters presente in the universe: first, when the radiation and cosmological energy density parameters are fixed and second when the parameters for matter and radiation are fixed. It was found that the effect of the neutrino mass on time delay measurement is negligible for the first case and has a contribution of the order of one percent for the second case.
4

Fenomenologia de medidas diretas de massa de neutrino / Neutrino mass direct measurement phenomenology

Salgado, Maurílio Ferreira 07 May 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Orlando Luís Goulart Peres / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T20:53:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Salgado_MaurilioFerreira_M.pdf: 1919300 bytes, checksum: 5f4341c064eb9c9bbcc9a3ae84fa84d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A massa é um dos objetos de estudo mais importantes em física de neutrinos, talvez o mais importante. Nesta dissertação discutimos como se dá a geração de massa no Modelo Padrão, que é capaz de explicar de maneira compacta grande parte da diversidade dos fenômenos observados em física de partículas. Nele o neutrino é previsto como uma partícula sem massa. Na sequência discorremos sobre a oscilação, atualmente quase unânime na comunidade científica, e como a hipótese de oscilação de neutrinos implica a existência da massa do neutrino (divergindo do Modelo Padrão) e estudamos as possibilidades de o neutrino ser uma partícula de Dirac ou Majorana. Por fim, dedicamos atenção ao fenômeno de duplo decaimento beta, que é uma tentativa de identificar qual tipo de partícula é o neutrino, e especialmente ao KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) que visa à determinação da escala absoluta de massa dos neutrinos através do espectro do elétron no decaimento beta do trítio. Nesse reproduzimos a sensibilidade esperada (0:2eV) por um método independente e testamos, para quatro neutrinos misturados e massivos, como o espectro se modifica e se o experimento conseguiria discriminar esse caso, o que se mostrou inviável / Abstract: The mass is one of the most important study subjects in neutrino physics, if not the most important. In this dissertation we discuss how mass is generated in the Standard Model, which explains in a compact way almost all of the observed phenomena diversity in particle physics. It forcasts a massless neutrino. Following we expatiate on neutrino oscilations, almost unanimous in the scientific community nowadays, and argue how the neutrino oscilation hypothesis implies the existence of neutrino mass (diverging of Standard Model) and study the possibilities that the neutrino could be a Dirac or Majorana particle. Lastly, we devote attention to the double beta decay experiment, which is a trial in identifing which particle the neutrino is, and specialy to KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) which aims the determination of the neutrino mass scale using the electron spectra in tritium beta decay. In this one we reproduce the expected sensitivity (0:2eV) by an independent method and test, for four mixed and massive neutrinos, how the spectrum modifies and if the experiment could differentiate this case, which proved impracticable / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física
5

[en] IMPACT OF THE COSMIC NEUTRINO BACKGROUND IN THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE / [pt] IMPACTO DO FUNDO CÓSMICO DE NEUTRINO NA EXPANSÃO DO UNIVERSO

ALEXANDER ARGUELLO QUIROGA 11 January 2010 (has links)
[pt] Os neutrinos são produzidos copiosamente no Universo primordial e são hoje as espécies mais abundantes de partículas após os fótons. Com a descoberta da oscilação de neutrinos sabe-se que eles possuem massa. Os efeitos de neutrinos na formação de estruturas têm sido muito estudados e a comparação com os dados observacionais estabelece limites sobre a soma de suas massas. Nesta monografia abordamos outro aspecto dos neutrinos em cosmologia que tem sido pouco estudado na literatura: a sua influência na expansão global e suas possíveis implicações observacionais. Um aspecto interessante dos neutrinos do fundo cósmico é que, dentro dos limites actuais em suas massas, ao menos uma espécie deve ter passado de um regime relativístico a não-relativístico desde o desacoplamento matéria-radiação até o presente. Essa mudança de regime poderia acarretar em efeitos observacionais característicos desse processo. Neste trabalho investigamos a equação de estado dos neutrinos em função de sua massa e sua temperatura. A partir desse resultado, obtemos a taxa de expansão e a distância de luminosidade em função do desvio para o vermelho para um Universo contendo neutrinos massivos, além de matéria escura, constante cosmológica e radiação. Embora espera-se que o impacto dos neutrinos nessas quantidades observáveis seja pequeno, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se ele pode ser mensurável no contexto da emergente cosmologia de presição. / [en] Neutrinos are produced copiously in the primordial Universe and today they are the most abundant specie of particles after the photons. With the discovery of neutrinos oscillation it is known that at least two of them have mass, although the absolute values are unknown. The effects of massive neutrinos in the large scale structure formation have been much studied and the comparison with observational data establishes limits over the neutrinos mass sum. In this dissertation we broach other aspect of neutrinos in cosmology which has been few studied in literature: its influence in the global expansion and the possible observational implications. An interesting aspect of cosmic neutrinos background is that inside the present masses limits at least one specie must have passed from a relativistic regime to a non-relativist one, since the matter-radiation decoupling until now. This change in regime could cause observational effects characteristics of this process. In this research we investigate the neutrinos state equation in function of their mass and temperature. From this result, we obtain the expansion rate and the luminosity distance in function of the Universe red-shift considering the presence of massive neutrinos, besides the dark matter, cosmological constant and radiation. Even through we expect that the neutrinos impact in these observable be small, the objective of this work is to verify if it can be measured in the context of the emergent precision cosmology.
6

Monitorování energetické stupnice v neutrinovém experimentu KATRIN / Monitoring of the energy scale in the KATRIN neutrino experiment

Slezák, Martin January 2016 (has links)
The question of the absolute mass scale of neutrinos is of particular interest for particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The KATRIN experiment (KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment) aims to address the effective electron antineutrino mass from the shape of the tritium β-spectrum with an unprecedented sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2 . One of the major systematic effects concerns the experimental energy scale, which has to be stable at the level of only a few parts in a million. For its calibration and monitoring the monoener- getic electrons emitted in the internal conversion of γ-transition of the metastable isotope 83m Kr will be extensively applied. The aim of this thesis is to address the problem of KA- TRIN energy scale distortions and its monitoring in detail. The source of electrons based on 83m Kr embedded in a solid as well as the source based on gaseous 83m Kr are studied. Based on the experimental results an approach for the continuous stability monitoring is proposed. 1
7

Search for leptonic CP violation using measurements of neutrino oscillations and neutrino-nucleus interactions / ニュートリノ振動およびニュートリノ反応の測定を用いたレプトンにおけるCP対称性の破れの探索

Yasutome, Kenji 24 November 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24962号 / 理博第4987号 / 新制||理||1712(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 中家 剛, 教授 永江 知文, 教授 田島 治 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
8

The effects of non-zero neutrino masses on the CMB determination of the cosmological parameters

Obranovich, Michael A. 22 June 2012 (has links)
No description available.
9

Implications of physics beyond the Standard Model in the quark and lepton sectors

Rasmussen, Rasmus Westphal 22 May 2018 (has links)
Das Standardmodell (SM) der Teilchenphysik hat sich in der Praxis als vielseitige Theorie bewährt, dennoch deuten nichtverschwindende Neutrinomassen, dunkle Materie und Baryonenasymmetrie auf Physik jenseits des SM (BSM) hin. Um also ein mit den Beobachtungen konsistentes Modell zu entwickeln, ist eine umfassendere Theorie nötig. Experimentell kann entweder in Abweichungen von den Vorhersagen des SM nach neuer Physik gesucht werden. So kann jedes BSM-Szenario getestet werden. In dieser Arbeit werden BSM-Szenarien im Quark- sowie im Leptonen-Sektor und deren phänomenologische Konsequenzen auf messbare Observablen betrachtet. Ein konkretes Beispiel in dieser Dissertation sind Neutrino massen modellierung mit der Einführung von sterilen Neutrinos. Wir untersuchen die phänomenologische Konsequenz ihrer Einführung auf verschiedenen Massenskalen im Zusammenhang mit symmetriegenerierten oder strukturlosen Neutrinomassenmodellen. Unter den geschmacksabhängigen aktivsterilen Mischungen in den durch Symmetrie erzeugten Massenmodellen finden wir deutliche Hierarchien, die als Modelldiskriminator für zukünftige Experimente dienen. Ähnlich wie beim Ausnutzen von Symmetrien im Neutrinosektor, kann man Symmetrien auch in Modellen für Quarkmassen nutzen. In dieser Arbeit werden Symmetrien behandelt, die den Cabibbo-Winkel für Quarkmischung in führender Ordnung quantisieren können. Dies führt zu einer Vielzahl möglicher Symmetrien, welche genutzt werden können um spezifische Modelle für Quarkmassen zu entwickeln. BSM-Physik indirekt mit Hilfe astrophysikalischer Neutrinos zu testen stellt eine Alternative zur direkten Detektion dar, und führt bei Betrachtung der Zusammensetzung des NeutrinoFlavours zu klaren Abweichungen von den Erwartungen. Neben der Behandlung verschiedenster BSM-Szenarien wird auch das Potenzial zukünftiger Experimente betrachtet, vor Allem im Hinblick auf deren Effektivität Physik jense. / The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is a well-tested and predictive theory, however non-zero neutrino masses, the existence of dark matter, and the baryon asymmetry suggest physics beyond the SM. Thus, in order to have a model consistent with observations, a more complete theory is needed. Experimentally, one can search for new physics, thereby differentiate different BSM scenarios. We consider BSM scenarios in the quark and lepton sectors, and study their phenomenological consequence on measurable observables. A specific example is neutrino mass modeling with the introduction of sterile neutrinos. We study the phenomenological consequence of introducing them at different mass scales in the context of symmetry-generated or structureless neutrino mass models. We find distinct hierarchies among the flavor-dependent active-sterile mixings in the symmetry-generated mass models, which acts as a model discriminator for future experiments. Similarly as using symmetries in the neutrino sector, one can also use symmetries in quark mass models. This thesis consider symmetries capable of quantizing the Cabibbo quark mixing angle to leading order. As a result, a variety of possible symmetries are obtained, which can be used to build specific quark mass models. Probing BSM physics indirectly via astrophysical neutrinos, acts as an alternative to direct detection, and using the neutrino flavor composition as observable, BSM physics leads to clear deviations from expectation. Additional information comes from other effects, and it helps in constraining the parameter space further. Beside discussing different BSM scenarios, we illustrate the potential of future experiments, emphasizing their effectiveness to test and discriminate BSM physics.
10

Soluções de grande comprimento de oscilação para o problema de neutrinos solares / Solutions of large length of oscillation for the solar neutrinos problem

Medina, Alberto Martin Gago 27 March 2001 (has links)
Esta tese apresenta uma análise estatística detalhada dos dados de experimentos com neutrinos solares mais recentes, com duas diferentes soluções para oscilações de neutrinos, ambas caracterizadas por um grande comprimento de oscilação. A primeira baseada no mecanismo de oscilação padrão, ou seja, induzida por massa, sendo esta estudada nos casos de duas e três gerações e dentro do regime de quase-vácuo. E a segunda, uma exótica, que usa como mecanismo de oscilação uma possível violação do princípio de equivalência, que foi analisada somente para o caso de duas gerações, sendo este discutido para transições entre neutrinos ativos, e entre neutrinos ativos e estéreis. Nossos resultados mostraram que ambas soluções são consistentes com os dados de neutrinos solares e, também, no caso específico do quase-vácuo, observamos que a hipótese de três gerações ficou desfavorecida. / This thesis presents a well detailed statistical analysis using the recent data from solar neutrino experiments. This analysis was done in the framework of two different solutions of neutrino oscillations, both characterized by a long oscillation wavelength. The first was based on the standard mass induced oscillation mechanism, here we worked in the scheme of two and three neutrino generations within the quasivacuum regime. The second was an exotic mechanism, where the neutrino oscillation is due to a possible breakdown of the equivalence principle, this alternative was analyzed only for two neutrino generations, in the cases for the conversion among active neutrino and active to sterile neutrino. Our results show a good agreement between the solar neutrino data and both solutions, also in the specific case of quasivacuum, we found that the hypothesis for the three neutrino generation is disfavored.

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