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Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2018-03-05T14:18:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Beatrice_ Uber2017.pdf: 1949291 bytes, checksum: 9f06d2b725ba63ad0255e68904be348c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-05T14:18:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Beatrice_ Uber2017.pdf: 1949291 bytes, checksum: 9f06d2b725ba63ad0255e68904be348c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / Since the beginning of the records about Americas’ colonization, the woman had been considered inferior and submissive to men by the European phallocentric and Jewish-Christian point of view present in the historiographic discourse that determined the official version of this past. However, she was essential to assure the colonists’ stay in the land to be pioneered. Many of the settlers had the feminine presence as an anchor to strengthen their stay in the “New World”. After the wedding ceremony, the woman was responsible for taking care of the house, being a good wife and an excellent mother, according to the ideology imposed by Church, which corroborated the patriarchal vision of the colonizing metropolis prevailing that time. Starting from this historical situation, the present research proposes reflexions and analyses about the insertion theme of the white European woman in the “New World”. Our purpose is to present, throughout an analysis of the books Desmundo (1996), by Ana Miranda, and Bride of New France (2013), by Suzanne Desrochers, how each one builds a symbolic representation of this process of displacement, strangeness and adaptation to a new reality of the white European woman in the beginning of the Brazilian colonization period, in the sixteenth century, and of the Canadian, in the seventeenth century, respectively, under the auspices of the historical novel. We also aim to analyze if the leading characters, Oribela de Mendo Curvo and Laure Beauséjour, keep their received instruction by the institutions that housed them or if their conceptions change when they start living in the “New World”, and to verify the confrontation of these literary visions with the official discourse. Based on this, we aim to show how the voices of the “orphans of the queen”, from Portugal, and the “king’s daughters”, from France, reflected in the literary discourse, can differ from the historiographic discourse and reveal new perspectives from this past. The research we did was supported by Comparative Literature. Authors like Afonso Costa (1946), Rodolfo Garcia (1946), Jim Sharpe (1992), Gilmei Francisco Fleck (2007, 2011, 2014, 2017), Aimie K. Runyan (2010), and Marcia A. Zug (2016) are used as theoretical support for the historical contextualization of the facts reread by fiction, and to establish the specific modalities of the historical novel in which the corpus is inserted. As a result of this investigational procedure, this research sheds light on the historical vision about the white European woman insertion in our continent. When highlighting the woman’s participation in this historical process, we observed the hybrid narratives of history and fiction update the theme and present a critical rereading of the events in relation to the happenings of the past perpetrated by the writing of historiography. / Desde o princípio dos registros sobre a colonização das Américas, a mulher foi considerada inferior e submissa ao homem pela visão judaico-cristã e eurofalocêntrica presente no discurso historiográfico que consignou a versão oficial desse passado. Entretanto, ela foi agente fundamental para assegurar a permanência dos colonizadores no território a ser desbravado. Muitos dos “conquistadores” tiveram a presença feminina como âncora para fortalecer sua permanência no “Novo Mundo”. Após o casamento, à mulher cabia cuidar do lar, ser boa esposa e ótima mãe, segundo a ideologia imposta pela Igreja, a qual corroborava a visão patriarcal das metrópoles colonizadoras reinantes na época. A partir dessa conjuntura histórica, a presente pesquisa propõe reflexões e análises acerca do tema da inserção da mulher europeia no “Novo Mundo”. Nosso objetivo é apresentar, por meio da análise das obras Desmundo (1996), de Ana Miranda, e Bride of New France (2013), de Suzanne Desrochers, como cada obra constrói uma representação simbólica desse processo de deslocamento, estranhamento e adaptação a uma nova realidade da mulher branca europeia no início da colonização brasileira, no século XVI, e na canadense, no século XVII, respectivamente, sob a égide do romance histórico. Propomo-nos, também, a analisar se as personagens protagonistas, Oribela do Mendo Curvo e Laure Beauséjour, mantém a instrução recebida pelas instituições que as abrigavam ou se suas concepções se transformam quando passam a viver no “Novo Mundo”; bem como verificar os enfrentamentos dessas visões literárias com o discurso oficial. Nesse intento, buscamos mostrar como as vozes das “órfãs da rainha”, de Portugal, e as “filhas do rei”, da França, refletidas no discurso literário, podem divergir do discurso historiográfico e revelar novas perspectivas desse passado. A pesquisa que realizamos amparou-se na Literatura Comparada. Autores como Afonso Costa (1946), Rodolfo Garcia (1946), Jim Sharpe (1992), Gilmei Francisco Fleck (2007, 2011, 2014, 2017), Aimie K. Runyan (2010), e Marcia A. Zug (2016) são utilizados como aporte teórico para a contextualização histórica dos fatos relidos pela ficção e para estabelecer as especificidades da modalidade do romance histórico na qual as obras do corpus se inserem. Como resultado deste processo de investigação, esta pesquisa lança luz sobre a visão da história a respeito da inserção da mulher branca europeia em nosso continente. Ao colocar em evidência a participação da mulher nesse processo histórico, observamos que as narrativas híbridas de história e ficção reatualizam o tema e apresentam uma releitura crítica dos eventos em relação aos acontecimentos do passado perpetrados pela escrita da historiografia.

Cette thèse consiste en une étude comparative du métier d’intendant au Canada et dans les généralités de Bretagne et de Tours dans la première moitié du 18e siècle (1700-1750). Elle s’appuie sur l’intendant pour s’interroger sur l’existence de spécificités dans l’exercice du pouvoir en contexte colonial par rapport au contexte métropolitain. Considéré par la plupart des historiens de la France d’Ancien Régime comme le personnage clé de l’évolution politique qui aurait fait passer la monarchie de sa phase judiciaire jusqu’à sa phase dite « administrative », l’intendant de justice, police et finance ou commissaire départi est au coeur des débats sur l’absolutisme et son rôle de première ligne dans l’oeuvre de centralisation monarchique en fait le sujet idéal pour observer la portée réelle de ce régime sur le terrain. L’examen du fonctionnement de l’intendance est un préalable obligé pour qui veut comprendre les rapports entre administrateurs et administrés et mieux cerner la capacité de régulation de l’État. Dans le cadre des attributions définies par sa commission, quelles sont les tâches qui l’occupent concrètement ? Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’intendant du point de vue de sa pratique, en s’appuyant sur la description interne des sources produites par l’intendant pour décortiquer ses mécanismes d’intervention. Deux types de documents sont analysés successivement, soit la correspondance, incluant les pièces jointes et les documents de travail, et les actes de portée réglementaire, incluant les ordonnances et les arrêts du Conseil d’État. Chemin faisant, nous avons fait la rencontre des individus et groupes qui sollicitent l’intervention de l’intendant, levant le voile sur les rapports de pouvoir et les interactions qui le lient à ses supérieurs, aux justiciables et aux institutions locales. L’exercice permet de poser en des termes nouveaux l’action de ce personnage dont on connaissait les attributions et principales décisions, mais beaucoup moins leur logique sous-jacente. / This thesis consists in a comparative study of the intendant’s métier in Canada and in the généralités of Bretagne and Tours in the first part of the eighteenth century (1700-1750). The thesis relies on the intendant to consider the existence of specificities in the exercise of power in the colonial context by comparison with the metropolitan context. Considered by most of the historians of France Ancien Regime as the key person of the political evolution to push through the monarchy from its judicial phase to its « administrative » phase, the intendant of justice, police and finance or commissaire départi is in the core of the debates on absolutism and his front line role in working to centralize the monarchy makes him the ideal subject to observe the real impact of this Regime. The examination of the functioning of the intendancy is an absolute prerequisite to understand the relation between administrators and administered and identifies the State will to control. As part of the defined attributions by his commission, what are the tasks that occupy him concretely? This thesis is about the intendant from the point of view of his pratique, relying on the description of the material produced by the intendant to examine his mechanisms of interventions. Two types of documents are successively analysed, namely the correspondence including the appendix and the working documents, and judgments, including the ordinances and the arrêt du Conseil d’Etat. In this process, we met individuals and groups who require the intervention of the intendant, lifting the veil on the power relationship that ties him to his superiors, to the claimants awaiting justice and to local institutions. This exercise allows to set in new terms the action of this personage on which we knew the attributions and main decisions but much less the underlying logic.

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The 60th Royal American Regiment was raised in an attempt to combine the qualities of a frontiersman and a trained soldier. This paper presents an in-depth look at the conditions which revealed a need to meet the challenges of frontier warfare. The specialized training, outfitting, and tactical education of this regiment, its performance in battle situations, and its ensuing impact on training and tactics throughout the army are all considered. / The primary focus of this paper is the Royal American Regiment's performance in North America in the battles of the Seven Year's War, and above all its decisive involvement in the Pontiac Rebellion. Discussion of these engagements presents the thesis that the Royal American Regiment was at the forefront of a movement in training reform that helped add a new dimension to the British Army.

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