Σκοπός της εργασίας μας είναι η διερεύνηση των μεταβολών που συντελούνται στο εσωτερικό της εκπαιδευτικής πρακτικής εξαιτίας της ενσωμάτωσης των τεχνολογιών πληροφορίας και επικοινωνίας στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Από τα δεδομένα προκύπτει πως η εισαγωγή των τεχνολογιών πληροφορίας και επικοινωνίας προκύπτει από ρυθμιστικές αρχές που όμως δεν έχουν μεταβάλλει τον τρόπο άσκησης του συμβολικού ελέγχου του σχολείου.Η σχέση του εκπαιδευτικού και του μαθητού συνεχίζει να δομείται στα πλαίσια μιας ορατής παιδαγωγικής,ενώ αναδύονται οι πρώτες μεταβολές στο περιεχόμενο της μεταδιδόμενης και προσληφθείσας γνώσης. Όσον αφορά τους μαθητές, υπάρχει μια πρώτη σύνδεση με το πεδίο της παραγωγής, τόσο εξαιτίας της ενασχόλησης και εξοικείωσής τους με τα τεχνολογικά μέσα στο σχολείο, όσο και της σχετικής παιδαγωγικής στήριξης που παρέχεται από το σπίτι. / Τhe purpose of this study is to investigate the possible changes are made to the internal of educational proccess due to the introduction of Information, and Communication Technologies, ICT. After procssing the collected information it emerges that indroduction of ICT is based on regulatory principles that have not changed the way in which education exercises symbolic control. The relationship between teacher ang pupil continues to be built on a visible pedagogic while the first changes emerged in the context of incepted and transferred knowledge. For pupils there is a first connection of new technologies with the field of production due to their activity with technological means at school, as well as well as the further pedagogic supprt is given by parents.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Science at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2015. / South Africans were deprived of numerous forms of freedom of expression during the prolonged apartheid era. Very few South Africans were able to participate in international events and interact with the outside world and institutions that promoted freedom were banned. Attempts to initiate freedom were suppressed by the ruling government. Nevertheless, in the era of transformation and democracy, during the post-apartheid regime, feelings of hope of transparency, especially in the media, were ushered in. The expectation and hope of a totally free democracy was further heightened by the implementation of the Bill of Rights. Freedom of expression in South Africa was soon threatened and came under strain when the government began making plans to introduce a secrecy bill to contain its covert operations. Numerous community organisations are desperately lobbying to suppress government’s initiative to formalise the secrecy bill. Government, on the other hand, seems to be forging ahead to anoint their Currently, the media goes through a government censorship where the government is vigorously trying to pass the Protection of Information Bill in order to guard government information and its ‘corrupt activities’. If passed, incriminating information will be protected under this Bill. The new and democratically elected South African government which is characterized by ‘freedom of speech and free access of information’ threatens media freedom and juxtaposes what the former President Nelson Mandela stood for: “A critical, independent and investigative press is the lifeblood of any democracy”. The study discusses the relationship between the use of new technologies and the State Protection of the Information Bill. It also examines how these new technologies, through social interaction and citizen journalism, may eradicate ‘corrupt activities’ performed by the government that are camouflaged as ‘classified’ information to ascertain democracy, freedom of speech and access to information.

no / This article introduces some ideas about using internet classrooms to enrich the experience of those learning and teaching politics. It draws and reflects upon my three-year experience of using internet classrooms to teach politics in optional and compulsory politics undergraduate modules, providing critical evaluation of the successes and problems involved. Much of what the article discusses can be applied to most, if not all, politics modules and will be useful to those wishing to use new technologies to support active learning strategies in their undergraduate teaching. The article is based on personal experience and student evaluations, rather than any rigorous research of learning outcomes. As such, I do not set out to prove that using internet classrooms has pedagogical advantages over using only traditional methods, and I am not arguing a case for or against using either.

The research objective was: to determine (a) the extent of the present involvement of neonatal intensive care nurses in technology assessment, (b) their perceptions of the technologies with which they worked, and (c) their perceptions of requirements for improvements in the technology assessment process. Nurses and senior staff (nursing s.u perv.i sors, NICU consultants and training officers) ln the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of five hospitals in London were included in the study sample. They completed questions regarding new medical technologies in general and NICU technologies in particular. Nurses and senior does not prepare Further, in some training regarding staff believed that nurses' training them adequately for new technologies. instances, nurses had not received a new technology prior to using it. Neither nurses nor senior staff were fully aware of formal processes for technology assessment in their hospitals, but did identify informal processes. While a small minority of the nurses had been directly involved in decisions regarding the new technologies, more than half had made recommendations. The nurses considered their level of involvement unsatisfactory, and believed (as did the senior staff) that their hospital could improve its procedures for purchasing, introducing and using new technologies. Most of the nurses who were planning to remain in neonatal intensive care were dissatisfied with their involvement and with their hospital's methods for adopting new technologies. One-third of the nurses and most of the senior staff identified examples of nurses' having contributed to the development and adaptation of new equipment and procedures, either formally or informally. The impacts considered most significant by nurse participants were: job stress, increased ethical, legal or social concerns, and decreased reliance on clinical judgment or skills of nurses.

O cenário volátil da inovação tecnológica demonstra a necessidade de processos para controle de risco, como forma de garantir a sua viabilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor diretrizes para o gerenciamento de riscos na introdução de novas tecnologias por startups no mercado brasileiro. O estudo propôs categorias conceituais relacionadas à gestão de riscos em startups, com base principal na abordagem do NPVR (Net Present Value Risk-Adjusted). A metodologia contou com quatro estudos de caso comparativos: MercadoPago, GuiaBolso, Catarse e Betalabs, que tiveram seus dados coletados por meio de entrevistas com os principais gestores e documentos fornecidos pelas organizações. A análise de dados foi realizada a partir do modelo de Miles, Huberman e Saldaña (2014), por meio do qual se deu a condensação dos dados; a visualização dos dados; e, a elaboração e verificação de conclusões. Entre os principais resultados, destacam-se a proposição de uma matriz dedutiva-indutiva para o gerenciamento de riscos e incertezas em startups, que traz elementos que propiciam o cálculo do valor presente líquido ajustado ao risco do desenvolvimento de um novo produto ou serviço, assim como aporte do nível de maturidade da gestão de risco das empresas estudadas, configurando a Startup Risk Management Matrix. / The volatile scenario of technological innovation demonstrates the need for risk controlling processes, in order to ensure its viability. This Master\'s thesis proposes a conceptual framework for risk management in the introduction of new technologies by startups in Brazil, aiming to provide the guidelines for the improvement of this process. The study comes up with conceptual categories related to risk management in startups, mainly based on the NPVR (Net Present Value) approach. The methodology included four comparative case studies: MercadoPago, Catarse, Betalabs and GuiaBolso, which had their data collected through interviews with key managers and documents provided by the organizations. Data analysis was based on Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) model, whereby data were condensed; data were visualized; and conclusions developed and checked. Among the main results, there is the proposition of a deductive-inductive matrix for the management of uncertainties and risks in startups, which brings elements that provide the calculation of the net present value adjusted to the risk of developing a new product or service, as well as the contribution of the level of risk management maturity of the studied companies, setting up the Startup Risk Management Matrix

Abstract This thesis explores how the cultural and social media environments surrounding the journalism of Al Jazeera English are shaped by and shape the channel’s news practices. Al Jazeera English has been described as a contra-flow news organization in the global media landscape and this thesis discusses the different reasons why the channel is described in this way by looking at its origins, aims, characteristics and ideals. Based on interviews with Al Jazeera English journalists, news observations and two field observations in London, I argue that Al Jazeera English brings cultural and social sensitivity to its news reports by engaging with multiple in-depth perspectives, using local reporters and integrating citizen generated material. The channel’s early adoption of online technologies and citizen journalism also contributes to a more democratic news direction and gives the channel a wider spectrum of opinions and perspectives to choose between. By applying a comparative analysis built on similar studies within anthropology of news journalism differences and similarities within the journalistic practices can be detected, comparing Al Jazeera English’s journalism with journalism at other places and news organizations. These comparisons and discussions enables new understandings for how news is produced and negotiated within the global media landscape, and this gives the global citizen an improved comprehension of why the news, which shapes our appreciation of the world, looks like it does. In conclusion, this awareness opens up for a discussion towards a societal transformation that gives space for a more multifaceted journalism distancing itself from one-sided perspectives and institutional censoring.

How to integrate new technologies into initial education?Currently, the relationship computer-children is a debate that generates still little agreement, because it is a new subject with to much to learn. This essay seeks to contribute to its thematic analysis, exposing a series of ideas and practical insights for achieving appropriate integration of new technologies at the initial level, which is a process without return. It is therefore necessary that the teachers manage key criteria to make the pedagogical decisions of the case in the exercise of its training role with the «digital natives», their students, forming the skills needed to act effectively in the new information and knowledge society. It will also be necessary as «immigrants from the virtual environment», that the teacher arise the need for training in the field of computer science to understand this new language in relation to the world of today. / En la actualidad, la relación computadoras - niños constituye un debate que generaaún pocas coincidencias debido a que es un tema nuevo sobre el que falta muchopor aprender. El presente ensayo busca contribuir al análisis temático del mismo,exponiendo una serie de ideas y reflexiones teórico-prácticas para lograr una integración adecuada de las nuevas tecnologías al nivel inicial, lo que constituye un proceso sin retorno. Por tanto, es necesario que las docentes manejen criterios claves para tomar las decisiones pedagógicas del caso en el ejercicio de su rol formativo con los «nativos digitales» (niños y niñas), formando habilidades necesarias para actuar con eficiencia en la nueva sociedad del conocimiento y de la información.Asimismo, será necesario que como «inmigrantes del entorno virtual», las docentes se planteen la necesidad de formarse en el campo de la informática para comprender este nuevo lenguaje de relación con el mundo de hoy.

O cenário volátil da inovação tecnológica demonstra a necessidade de processos para controle de risco, como forma de garantir a sua viabilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor diretrizes para o gerenciamento de riscos na introdução de novas tecnologias por startups no mercado brasileiro. O estudo propôs categorias conceituais relacionadas à gestão de riscos em startups, com base principal na abordagem do NPVR (Net Present Value Risk-Adjusted). A metodologia contou com quatro estudos de caso comparativos: MercadoPago, GuiaBolso, Catarse e Betalabs, que tiveram seus dados coletados por meio de entrevistas com os principais gestores e documentos fornecidos pelas organizações. A análise de dados foi realizada a partir do modelo de Miles, Huberman e Saldaña (2014), por meio do qual se deu a condensação dos dados; a visualização dos dados; e, a elaboração e verificação de conclusões. Entre os principais resultados, destacam-se a proposição de uma matriz dedutiva-indutiva para o gerenciamento de riscos e incertezas em startups, que traz elementos que propiciam o cálculo do valor presente líquido ajustado ao risco do desenvolvimento de um novo produto ou serviço, assim como aporte do nível de maturidade da gestão de risco das empresas estudadas, configurando a Startup Risk Management Matrix. / The volatile scenario of technological innovation demonstrates the need for risk controlling processes, in order to ensure its viability. This Master\'s thesis proposes a conceptual framework for risk management in the introduction of new technologies by startups in Brazil, aiming to provide the guidelines for the improvement of this process. The study comes up with conceptual categories related to risk management in startups, mainly based on the NPVR (Net Present Value) approach. The methodology included four comparative case studies: MercadoPago, Catarse, Betalabs and GuiaBolso, which had their data collected through interviews with key managers and documents provided by the organizations. Data analysis was based on Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) model, whereby data were condensed; data were visualized; and conclusions developed and checked. Among the main results, there is the proposition of a deductive-inductive matrix for the management of uncertainties and risks in startups, which brings elements that provide the calculation of the net present value adjusted to the risk of developing a new product or service, as well as the contribution of the level of risk management maturity of the studied companies, setting up the Startup Risk Management Matrix

The purpose of the thesis is to look at the presentation of vocabulary related to new technologies in four French and four Spanish textbooks for first-year university students to examine the relevance of the language presented in terms of its authenticity to French and Spanish as it is used today. The focus is on authenticity to show the correlation between what is presented to students versus what they will need to communicate effectively in ways that are linguistically, socially, and sociopragmatically appropriate with native speakers. The thesis also provides teachers with a pedagogical framework that will help them integrate new technologies and their related vocabularies into curriculum when textbooks fail to do so.

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