Abstract In this study, EAVD(Electrostatic Assisted Vapor Deposition) technique was used to fabricate NiO/CGO (Cerium Gadolinum Oxide) films for the anode of IT-SOFCs (Intermediate Temperature-Solid Oxide Fuel Cells). The objective of this work is to establish the relationship between the morphology of NiO/CGO films and deposition parameters. The effects of different deposition parameters on film morphology were studied. The systematically changed deposition parameters were : deposition temperature, deposition time, flow rate and concentration of precursor solution and substrate types. According to experiment results, deposition temperature and deposition time are most important deposition parameters of controlling the morphology of films. The deposited NiO/CGO films with a highly porous structure were obtained above 400 oC and 5mins. On the other hand, when deposition temperature and time were decreased below 400 oC and 5mns, dense films were obtained. In this study, the flow rate and concentration of precursor solution and substrate types also influence the morphology of films, although to a lesser degree. The most suitable range of the flow rate is 0.7 cc/hr to 1.4 cc/hr. The XRD results show that the crystalline NiO/CGO film were obtained by EAVD technique.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPauloDeFreitasGrilo_DISSERT.pdf: 2371966 bytes, checksum: df286c50ea1a146c8169f0dc3c57c7f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Comp?sitos NiO-C0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (NiO-CGO), um dos materiais mais utilizado para fabrica??o de anodos de C?lulas a Combust?veis de ?xido S?lido (CCOS) atualmente, foram obtidos por uma rota qu?mica que consiste na mistura das solu??es precursoras das fases NiO e CGO previamente obtidas pelo m?todo Pechini, com percentual m?ssico da fase NiO variando entre 0 e 100 %. Os nanop?s como obtidos foram caracterizados por t?cnicas de an?lise t?rmica (termogravimetria e Calorimetria Diferencial Explorat?ria) e os materiais calcinados foram estudados por difratometria de raios X (DRX). Amostras sinterizadas entre 1400 e 1500 ?C por 4 h foram caracterizadas pelo m?todo de Arquimedes. Os efeitos da composi??o relativa na microestrutura e propriedades el?tricas (condutividade e energia de ativa??o) de comp?sitos sinterizados a 1500 ?C foram investigados por microscopia eletr?nica e espectroscopia de imped?ncia (entre 300 e 650 ?C em ar). O refinamento dos dados de DRX indicaram que os p?s s?o ultrafinos e que o tamanho do cristalito da fase CGO tende a diminuir com o aumento de teor de NiO. De maneira semelhante, o cristalito da fase NiO tende a diminuir com o aumento da concentra??o de CGO, principalmente acima de 50% em massa de CGO. A an?lise por Arquimedes evidencia uma varia??o na densidade relativa em fun??o do teor de NiO. Densidades relativas acima de 95% foram obtidas em comp?sitos contendo a partir de 50 % em massa de NiO e sinterizados entre 1450 e 1500 ?C. Os resultados de microscopia e espectroscopia de imped?ncia indicam que a partir de 30 - 40 % de NiO h? aumento do n?mero de contatos NiO-NiO, ativando o mecanismo de condu??o eletr?nica que governa o processo de condu??o a baixas temperaturas (300-500 ?C). Por outro lado, com o aumento da temperatura de medida a mobilidade das vac?ncias de oxig?nio torna-se maior que a dos buracos eletr?nicos do NiO, como resultado, a condutividade de alta temperatura (550 - 650 ?C) em comp?sitos contendo at? 30-40% de NiO ? inferior ? do CGO. Varia??es na energia de ativa??o confirmam mudan?a do mecanismo de condu??o com o aumento do teor de NiO. O comp?sito contendo 50 % em massa de cada fase apresenta condutividade de 19 mS/cm a 650 ?C (pouco superior a 13 mS/cm encontrada para o CGO) e energia de ativa??o 0,49 eV. / Composite NiO-C0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (NiO-GDC), one of the materials most used for the manufacture of anodes of Cells Solid Oxide Fuel (SOFC) currently, were obtained by a chemical route which consists in mixing the precursor solution of NiO and CGO phases obtained previously by the Pechini method. The nanopowders as-obtained were characterized by thermal analysis techniques (thermogravimetry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and calcined materials were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Samples sintered between 1400 and 1500 ? C for 4 h were characterized by Archimedes method. The effects of the composition on the microstructure and electrical properties (conductivity and activation energy) of the composites sintered at 1500 ? C were investigated by electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy (between 300 and 650 ? C in air). The refinement of the XRD data indicated that the powders are ultrafine and the crystallite size of the CGO phase decreases with increasing content of NiO. Similarly, the crystallite of the NiO phase tends to decrease with increasing concentration of CGO, especially above 50 wt % CGO. Analysis by Archimedes shows a variation in relative density due to the NiO content. Densities above 95% were obtained in samples containing from 50 wt % NiO and sintered between 1450 and 1500 ?C. The results of microscopy and impedance spectroscopy indicate that from 30-40 wt.% NiO there is an increase in the number of contacts NiO - NiO, activating the electronic conduction mechanism which governs the process of conducting at low temperatures (300 - 500 ?C). On the other hand, with increasing the measuring temperature the mobility of oxygen vacancies becomes larger than that of the electronic holes of NiO, as a result, the high temperature conductivity (500-650 ? C) in composites containing up to 30-40 wt.% of NiO is lower than that of CGO. Variations in activation energy confirm change of conduction mechanism with the increase of the NiO content. The composite containing 50 wt. % of each phase shows conductivity of 19 mS/cm at 650 ?C (slightly higher than 13 mS/cm found for CGO) and activation energy of 0.49 eV.