Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2016-08-31T13:11:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Alana Maria Ribeiro Silva.pdf: 1735574 bytes, checksum: 371b22a2f3655cd2f57e63017d7af3ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T13:11:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Alana Maria Ribeiro Silva.pdf: 1735574 bytes, checksum: 371b22a2f3655cd2f57e63017d7af3ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Capes / The TeleSUR is a multi-state television network, created in 2005, which is inserted in a political project of regional integration, aimed to strengthen the process of building a Latin American identity. According to its creators the network seeks to differentiate itself from big dominant international media that usually has a single speech. Thus, TeleSUR presents itself as an alternative to the peoples of the region. It was designed by former Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, with the intention that could contribute to regional integration in the symbolic field. The multi-state network did part of a media strategy whose aim was to propagate the project bolivarino ideas to the world, as well as establecer a type of media diplomacy. Having this context as parameter, this study analyzes and discusses how the TeleSUR in government Nicolas Maduro, addresses the issue of regional integration in its news portal. For this, was made an analysis of the content of the news on the subject. Has also the intention to reflect on the process of building a Latin American identity in the symbolic and cultural levels. It concludes that, in government Nicolas Maduro, the Telesur continues the regional integration project conceived by Chavez since the period of its creation / A TeleSUR é uma rede de televisão multiestatal, criada em 2005, que inserido a um projeto político de integração regional, teve por objetivo fortalecer o processo de construção da identidade latino-americana. De acordo com os seus idealizadores a rede busca diferenciar-se da grande mídia internacional dominante que costuma apresentar um discurso único. Assim, a TeleSUR apresenta-se como uma alternativa para os povos da região. Ela foi idealizada pelo ex-presidente da Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, com intuito de que pudesse contribuir para a integração regional no campo simbólico. A rede multiestatal fez parte então de uma estratégia midiática cujo fim era propagar as ideias do projeto bolivariano para o mundo, bem como establecer um tipo de diplomacia midiática. Tendo tal contexto como parâmetro, este estudo analisa e discute de que modo a TeleSUR, no governo de Nicolás Maduro, aborda o tema da integração regional em seu portal de notícias. Para isso, é feito uma análise do conteúdo sobre as notícias relativas ao assunto. Tem-se ainda o intuito de refletir sobre o processo de construção da identidade latino-americana no plano simbólico e cultural. Conclui-se que, no governo de Nicolás Maduro, a Telesur dá continuidade ao projeto de integração regional idealizado por Chávez desde o período de sua criação.

Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-07-18T13:18:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Alana Maria Ribeiro Silva.pdf: 46652099 bytes, checksum: e39d18677d5b87781cbe2e1e37308af1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T13:18:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Alana Maria Ribeiro Silva.pdf: 46652099 bytes, checksum: e39d18677d5b87781cbe2e1e37308af1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / CAPES / The TeleSUR is a multi-state television network, created in 2005, which is inserted in a political project of regional integration, aimed to strengthen the process of building a Latin American identity. According to its creators the network seeks to differentiate itself from big dominant international media that usually has a single speech. Thus, TeleSUR presents itself as an alternative to the peoples of the region. It was designed by former Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, with the intention that could contribute to regional integration in the symbolic field. The multi-state network did part of a media strategy whose aim was to propagate the project bolivarino ideas to the world, as well as establecer a type of media diplomacy. Having this context as parameter, this study analyzes and discusses how the TeleSUR in government Nicolas Maduro, addresses the issue of regional integration in its news portal. For this, was made an analysis of the content of the news on the subject. Has also the intention to reflect on the process of building a Latin American identity in the symbolic and cultural levels. It concludes that, in government Nicolas Maduro, the Telesur continues the regional integration project conceived by Chavez since the period of its creation. / A TeleSUR é uma rede de televisão multiestatal, criada em 2005, que inserido a um projeto político de integração regional, teve por objetivo fortalecer o processo de construção da identidade latino-americana. De acordo com os seus idealizadores a rede busca diferenciar-se da grande mídia internacional dominante que costuma apresentar um discurso único. Assim, a TeleSUR apresenta-se como uma alternativa para os povos da região. Ela foi idealizada pelo ex-presidente da Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, com intuito de que pudesse contribuir para a integração regional no campo simbólico. A rede multiestatal fez parte então de uma estratégia midiática cujo fim era propagar as ideias do projeto bolivariano para o mundo, bem como establecer um tipo de diplomacia midiática. Tendo tal contexto como parâmetro, este estudo analisa e discute de que modo a TeleSUR, no governo de Nicolás Maduro, aborda o tema da integração regional em seu portal de notícias. Para isso, é feito uma análise do conteúdo sobre as notícias relativas ao assunto. Tem-se ainda o intuito de refletir sobre o processo de construção da identidade latino-americana no plano simbólico e cultural. Conclui-se que, no governo de Nicolás Maduro, a Telesur dá continuidade ao projeto de integração regional idealizado por Chávez desde o período de sua criação.

This essay discusses how the new theoretical framework of “new” authoritarianism can explain the civil and political rights abuses in Venezuela since Nicolás Maduro became Present in 2013 until today. The presidency of Maduro has evoked international attention about the increasing authoritarian climate. His pursuit of increasing control and power has resulted in serious violations of people’s civil and political rights. New authoritarianism has four factors that have been applied on the case study of Venezuela’s civil and political rights violations. The factors’ indicators have specifically explained new authoritarianism’s relationship to the case of Venezuela. The use of law in other governmental powers, the military’s social control and use of force, the opposition’s resistance, the limitations on organizations, the discrimination of media and finally a discriminated public labor force explain the civil and political rights violations in Venezuela between 2013 and 2019.

Since 2014, the United States has been imposing sanctions on the Venezuelan government in an attempt to accomplish foreign policy goals that would be beneficial to its geopolitical interests in the region and help the Venezuelan people in the process. This research offers a comprehensive empirical analysis of these sanctions. It aims to identify the effects of US sanctions in Venezuela, as intended by the foreign policy goals of the United States, and to measure the effectiveness of sanctions in accomplishing these goals. Additionally, this research seeks to explain the geopolitical strategy of US sanctions as seen through the lens of geoeconomic theory. It will detail the US intensions of generating regime change, restoring democracy, and improving human rights in Venezuela. More specifically, it will reveal the role of sanctions in acting as a geopolitical tool to fulfill these intentions. Ultimately, the research will show how sanctions and companion policies are intended to improve the US-Venezuela relationship that has declined since the time of Hugo Chavez.

The topic of the thesis is changes that occurred in Venezuela in last 20 years of its development. The aim of the disertation is to evaluate the shift of the development of Venezuela after the fall of Hugo Cháves and the rise of Nicolás Maduro to power. The theoretical part of the thesis is aimed on Hugo Cháves' rise to power and characteristics of governing body of his successor Nicolás Maduro. The analytical part is divided into two sections - political changes and social-economical changes. Topics like internal and external politics of the country, changes in social and security policies, foreign trade and political issues, changes i the social system and dependance of the country on oil trade are furthermore described in the analytical part. The last section deals with the development of the country based on selected macro-economical markers.

This study focuses on the importance of Petroleum of Venezuela (PDVSA) in Venezuelanpolitics. Specifically, it focuses on the role that the state-owned oil company has played in thesurvival of Nicolás Maduro in the presidency of the country, despite the serious political andhumanitarian crisis that the country is going through. To analyze the importance of PDVSA, wefocus on the relationships that the company has established with key social actors such asmembers of the socialist party, the military, and civil society. Our analysis is supported byclientelist and function fusion theories. / Este estudio se centra en analizar la importancia de Petróleos de Venezuela en la políticavenezolana. En específico se centra en el papel que la compañía petrolera estatal ha tenido en lasupervivencia de Nicolás Maduro en la presidencia del país, a pesar la grave crisis política yhumanitaria que a traviesa el país. Para analizar la importancia de PDVSA nos centramos en lasrelaciones que la empresa ha establecido con actores sociales clave como los miembros del partidosocialista, el ejército y la sociedad civil. Nuestro análisis está apoyado en las teorías clientelistasy de fusión de funciones.