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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Diamond studies for applications in quantum technologies / Estudos no diamante para aplicações em Tecnologias Quânticas

Segura, Charlie Oscar Oncebay 28 March 2019 (has links)
Among several hundred impurities and defects that can occur in diamond, the nitrogenvacancy (NV) center is one of the most interesting for quantum technologies at room temperature. Several properties make it an excellent platform for many applications, from nanosensor to quantum information processing. This thesis presents the first explorations of NV-based technologies in our laboratory, investigating three sets of studies aimed at learning the know-how of this field of research and developing the necessary infrastructure to explore them in future quantum technologies. The first set of studies focus on magnetometry and how to improve NV-based magnetic sensing. We show that, using engineered ensembles of NV centers in ultrapure synthetic diamonds, one can build a relatively simple apparatus to do magnetic imaging of relatively large areas while determining the full vector field with high spatial resolution and very good sensitivity. We also show that these measurements can be used to reconstruct the current density distribution of nearby sources, opening exciting possibilities to study two-dimensional materials. Another set of studies involve spin coherence of an ensemble of NV centers. For that, we developed a method based on a CCD camera and an imaging protocol that allows implementing pulse sequences like Rabi, Ramsey and Hahn echo, performing Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy over extended areas. Using this method we extract parameters from our sample, including measurements for T1, T2 and T*2. The method was also used to observe Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM), due to hyperfine interaction with nearby 15N nucleus, resulting in improved frequency sensitivity. The third set of studies explore how to use femtosecond lasers to produce NV centers in diamond and investigated the nonlinear index of refraction (n2) of the diamond (type IIa) in a broad spectral region, from the infrared (1500 nm) to the ultraviolet (260 nm). / Entre várias centenas de impurezas e defeitos que podem ocorrer no diamante, o centro Nitrogênio-Vacância (NV) é um dos mais interessantes para tecnologias quânticas em temperatura ambiente. Diversas propriedades fazem dele uma excelente plataforma para muitas aplicações, desde nanosensores até o processamento de informações quânticas. Esta tese apresenta a primeira exploração de tecnologias baseadas em NV no nosso laboratório, investigando três conjuntos de estudos com objetivo de aprender o know-how desta área de pesquisa e desenvolver a infra-estrutura necessária para explorá-los em futuras tecnologias quânticas. O primeiro conjunto de estudos enfoca a magnetometria e como melhorar o sensores magnético baseado em centros NV. Mostramos que um aparato relativamente simples pode ser usado para produzir imagens magnéticas do campo vetorial, usando ensembles de centros NV em diamantes sintéticos ultrapuros. Também mostramos que essas medidas podem ser usadas para reconstruir a distribuição de densidade de corrente de fontes próximas, abrindo possibilidades interessantes para o estudo de materiais bidimensionais. Outro conjunto de estudos envolve a coerência de spin de um ensemble de centros NV. Para isso, desenvolvemos um método baseado em uma câmera CCD e um protocolo de imagem que permite implementar sequências de pulsos como Rabi, Ramsey e eco Hahn, realizando espectroscopia de ressonância de spin eletrônico (ESR) sobre áreas estendidas. Usando esse método, extraímos parâmetros de nossa amostra, incluindo medidas para T1, T2 e T*2. O método também foi usado para observar o efeito ESEEM (Envelope de Modulação de Eco de Spin Eletrônico), devido à interação hiperfina com o núcleo próximo de 15N, resultando numa melhor sensibilidade de freqüência. Finalmente, o terceiro conjunto de estudos explorou como usar lasers de femtossegundos para produzir centros NV em diamante e investigou o índice de refração não-linear (n2) do diamante (tipo IIa) em uma ampla região espectral, desde o infravermelho (1500 nm) até o ultravioleta (260 nm).
2

Wide bandwidth instantaneous radio frequency spectrum analyzer based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

Chipaux, M., Toraille, L., Larat, C., Morvan, L., Pezzagna, S., Meijer, Jan Berend, Debuisschert, T. 15 August 2018 (has links)
We propose an original analog method to perform instantaneous and quantitative spectral analysis of microwave signals. An ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers held in a diamond plate is pumped by a 532 nm laser. Its photoluminescence is imaged through an optical microscope and monitored by a digital camera. An incoming microwave signal is converted into a microwave field in the area of the NV centers by a loop shaped antenna. The resonances induced by the magnetic component of that field are detected through a decrease of the NV centers photoluminescence. A magnetic field gradient induces a Zeeman shift of the resonances and transforms the frequency information into spatial information, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the microwave signal in the entire frequency bandwidth of the device. The time dependent spectral analysis of an amplitude modulated microwave signal is demonstrated over a bandwidth of 600 MHz, associated to a frequency resolution of 7MHz , and a refresh rate of 4 ms. With such integration time, a field of a few hundreds of lW can be detected. Since the optical properties of NV centers can be maintained even in high magnetic field, we estimate that an optimized device could allow frequency analysis in a range of 30 GHz, only limited by the amplitude of the magnetic field gradient. In addition, an increase of the NV centers quantity could lead both to an increase of the microwave sensitivity and to a decrease of the minimum refresh rate down to a few ls.

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