Attenuating random and coherent noise is an important part of seismic data processing. Successful removal results in an enhanced image of the subsurface geology, which facilitate economical decisions in hydrocarbon exploration. This motivates the search for new and more efficient techniques for noise removal. The main goal of this thesis is to present an overview of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) technique, studying its potential application to seismic data processing. An overview of the application of SSA for time series analysis is presented. Subsequently, its applications for random and coherent noise attenuation, expansion to multiple dimensions, and for the recovery of unrecorded seismograms are described. To improve the performance of SSA, a faster implementation via a randomized singular value decomposition is proposed. Results obtained in this work show that SSA is a versatile method for both random and coherent noise attenuation, as well as for the recovery of missing traces. / Geophysics

No description available.

Noise levels in areas adjacent to high performance jets have increased monotonically in the past few years. When personnel are exposed to such high noise fields, the need for better hearing protection is inevitable. Adequate hearing protection may be achieved through the use of circumaural ear defenders, earplugs or both. This thesis focuses on identifying the dominant physical phenomena, responsible for the low frequency (0 – 300 Hz) acoustic response inside the earmuffs. A large volume earcup is used with the undercut seal for the study. The significance of this research is the use of finite element methods in the area of hearing protection design. The objectives of this research are to identify the dominant physical phenomena responsible for the loss of hearing protection in the lower frequency range, and develop FE models to analyze the effects of structural and acoustic modes on the acoustic pressure response inside the earcup. It is found that there are two phenomena, which are primarily responsible for the lower frequency acoustic response inside the earmuffs. These modes are recognized in this thesis as the piston mode and the Helmholtz mode. The piston mode occurs due to the dynamics of the earcup and seal at 150 Hz, which results in loss of hearing protection. The Helmholtz mode occurs due to the presence of leaks. The resonant frequency of the Helmholtz mode and the pressure response depends on the leak size. / Master of Science

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-07-03T12:52:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert CEZAR AUGUSTO CECHIN.pdf: 2893279 bytes, checksum: 6041ec6c989e858605c656ff1fe6baab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-07-06T16:47:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert CEZAR AUGUSTO CECHIN.pdf: 2893279 bytes, checksum: 6041ec6c989e858605c656ff1fe6baab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-06T16:47:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert CEZAR AUGUSTO CECHIN.pdf: 2893279 bytes, checksum: 6041ec6c989e858605c656ff1fe6baab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-20 / Esta pesquisa apresenta como objetivo geral analisar o controle de ruído nos geradores de energia em uma balsa guindaste, através da utilização de materiais de atenuação, intervenção na vibração dos equipamentos e na introdução de acessórios e componentes de máquinas, ventiladores e exaustores. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi escolhida um dos ambientes de trabalho mais ruidosos da balsa guindaste, construída na década de 70, pertencente a uma das Empresas que presta apoio na exploração e produção de petróleo na área de Engenharia Submarina e que seu escopo principal é realizar atividades de movimentação de grandes cargas e lançamentos de dutos. Numa avaliação detalhada nas frentes de serviço e dos equipamentos existentes, medições e estudos realizados no período 2013 até 2016, histórico de monitoramento dos ruídos e análise critica dos últimos cinco anos, bem como entrevista verbal com a força de trabalho envolvida, foram selecionados a praça de geradores de energia para estudo de caso e melhorias na atenuação do ruído. Conjuntamente com a implantação das medidas propostas de redução de ruído, foi aplicado o questionário para verificação da eficácia do tratamento realizado e dos fatores de qualidade de vida dos colaboradores. Como resultado final foi sugerido às medidas corretivas e preventivas para tornar o ambiente saudável do ponto de vista da higiene ocupacional, como por exemplo, a instalação de atenuadores de ruído nos ventiladores e exaustores dos geradores de energia, instalação de painéis de lã de rocha com chapas perfuradas em determinados ambientes, bem como inserir forro acústico no teto da sala e paredes da sala de manutenção (SMM), visando diminuir a influencia das fontes geradoras. / The present research intends to analyze the noise control in power generators on a ferry crane, through the use of mitigation materials, intervention in the equipment’s vibration and the introduction of accessories and machine components, ventilation fans and exhaust fans. In order to develop this research it was chosen one of the noisiest barge crane, which was built in the 1970s, owned by one of the companies that provide support in oil exploration and production in the field of Subsea Engineering and its main goal is to perform activities that handle with large loads and pipelines launching. In a detailed evaluation of the service and equipment, measurements and studies of the noise monitoring historical and critical analysis of the past five years were realized during 2013 to 2016, as well as verbal interviews with the workforce involved, selecting some square power generators for case study and improvements in noise attenuation. In conjunction with the implementation of noise reduction measures proposed, it was applied a questionnaire to verify the effectiveness of the treatment and the quality of life of employees factors. As a final result it was suggested to the corrective and preventive measures to turn it into a healthy area from the point of view of occupational hygiene, such as the installation of noise attenuators in ventilation fans and exhaust fans of power generators, installation of rock wool panels with perforated sheets in certain areas, as well as insert acoustic ceiling in the living room and walls of the engine room monitoring, in order to reduce the influence of the generating sources.

De flesta av Sveriges kommuner har ett mål där de strävar efter att bygga ett hållbart samhälle, vilket innebär att man utnyttjar den befintliga infrastrukturen. Målet med detta är att dra nytta av de obebyggda områdena i stadsbilden genom att bygga nytt. Eftersom de tysta sidorna av byggnaderna ska ligga på en ljudnivå under 45 dB(A) har det här examensarbetet behandlat de möjliga lösningar som kan tillämpas vid bullerdämpning. En platsinventering har utförts där de olika förutsättningarna har studerats, och där resultaten av studierna har granskats med syfte till att planera en vision. Nyckelord: Bullerdämpning, bostadsutformning, platsinventering / Most Swedish municipalities have a goal which they strive to build a sustainable society, which involves the use of the infrastructure. The aim of this is to take advantage of the undeveloped areas of the urban landscape by building new buildings. Since the quiet sides of the buildings shall be at a noise level below 45dB(A), this diploma work addressed the possible solutions that can be applied in noise attenuation. A site survey has been performed there the different conditions have been studied, where the results of the studies have been reviewed in order to plan a vision. Keywords : Noise attenuation, residential design, site survey

No description available.

This thesis investigates the impedance of acoustic liners, to attenuate noise originating from jet engines and enable compliance with international standards and regulations regarding noise from airplane jet engines. Experimental tests of two supplied liners were conducted in an impedance tube; one liner with known and predictable properties, and one liner with unknown properties. The tests included tonal excitations in the formats of stepped sine and random noise with frequencies within set boundaries. After post-processing of the captured data, the desired impedance could be analysed in terms of excitated frequencies and sound pressure levels. The conclusions from this project are that both of the liners deviated from their expected behavior, which was that liner 1 should have been unaffected by the alternated sound pressure levels, and liner 3 should have shown bigger affection due to the changed sound pressure level. Since the results were different than expected, there might have been minor sources of error during the measurements. It could be investigated if there is leakage from the mounting of the liners, or if the 3D printing resolution is sufficient. Because of limitations in time, there is more left in this project to investigate. Therefore, conducting similar studies where more frequencies, sound pressure levels, and multi-tonal measurements can be included, is suggested as future work.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeZA_DISSERT.PDF: 5156580 bytes, checksum: cf88acbbf99c9d93a555a758d3e21bf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-23 / The seismic processing technique has the main objective to provide adequate picture of geological structures from subsurface of sedimentary basins. Among the key steps of this process is the enhancement of seismic reflections by filtering unwanted signals, called seismic noise, the improvement of signals of interest and the application of imaging procedures. The seismic noise may appear random or coherent. This dissertation will present a technique to attenuate coherent noise, such as ground roll and multiple reflections, based on Empirical Mode Decomposition method. This method will be applied to decompose the seismic trace into Intrinsic Mode Functions. These functions have the properties of being symmetric, with local mean equals zero and the same number of zero-crossing and extremes. The developed technique was tested on synthetic and real data, and the results were considered encouraging / O processamento s?smico tem como principal objetivo fornecer imagem adequada das estruturas geol?gicas da sub-superf?cie de bacias sedimentares. Dentre as etapas fundamentais deste processamento est? o enriquecimento das reflex?es s?smicas atrav?s de filtragem de sinais indesej?veis, chamados de ru?dos, a amplifica??o de sinais de interesse e a aplica??o de processos de imageamento. Os ru?dos s?smicos podem aparecer de forma aleat?ria ou coerente. Nesta disserta??o ser? apresentado uma t?cnica para atenuar ru?dos coerentes, como o ground roll e as reflex?es m?ltiplas, baseado na Decomposi??o em Modos Emp?ricos. Este m?todo consiste em decompor o tra?o s?smico em Fun??es de Modo Intr?nseco, que s?o fun??es sim?tricas com m?dia local igual a zero e mesmo n?mero de zeros e extremos. A t?cnica desenvolvida foi testado em dados sint?ticos e reais, e os resultados obtidos foram considerados encorajadores

L’atténuation des bruits gênants dans une automobile est classiquement réalisée par ajustement des caractéristiques mécaniques du véhicule : masse, raideur et amortissement. C’est une approche dite passive. Malheureusement, elle induit un ajout de masse important pour traiter les basses fréquences. Le contrôle actif de bruit (atténuation d’un bruit par superposition d’un contrebruit) est actuellement envisagé comme une solution possible à ce problème. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer les performances atteignables par cette solution. Un système acoustique étant par essence fortement résonant, sa modélisation sur une large plage de fréquence conduit à des modèles d’ordre élevé, pour l’obtention desquels une méthode d’identification appropriée doit être utilisée. C’est la méthode dessous espaces par approche fréquentielle dans le domaine continu qui a été retenue.La traduction du cahier des charges conduit à un problème de régulation multivariable H1 multi-objectif et multi-modèle avec contrainte de stabilité forte. Par ailleurs, actionneurs et capteurs ne sont pas colocalisés et on ne mesure pas la perturbation à rejeter. La volonté d’évaluer au plus près les performances atteignables justifie la résolution du problème par optimisation non lisse. Cette approche évite tout pessimisme, mais nécessite de par son caractère local une bonne initialisation et une structuration du régulateur parcimonieuse.La méthodologie proposée a été validée en simulation et expérimentalement. Elle permet une évaluation et une comparaison précises des performances atteignables en fonction des contraintes sur les mesures et les moyens d’action disponibles. / Classical methods used for noise reduction in cars are based on adjusting the mechanical properties: mass, stiffness and damping. They are qualified as passive and induce significative addition of weight for reducing low frequency noises. Active noise control is seen as a possible solution to achieve low frequency noise attenuation and weight reduction.The goal of this work is to evaluate achievable performances with such solution.Acoustic enclosures are known to be resonant systems of highorder. Obtaining a model of it, therefore requires a suitable identification method. The approach chosen is based on subspace methods. It processes data in the frequency domain for obtaining a continuous time model.The control problem derived from the specifications is a MIMO H1, multi-objective and multi-model problem with a strong stability constraint. Futhermore, actuators and sensors are not-colocated, and no measure of the disturbance is available. In order to precisely evaluate the achievable performances, this problem is solved using non smooth optimization.Such approach ensures the absence of pessimism, but requires an appropriate initialization and a parsimonious controller structure, because it does not ensure convergence toward the global optimum. The proposed methodology was validated in simulation and experimentally. It allows a precise evaluation and comparison of achievable performances according to the constraints on available measures and means of action.

The work description is to create a system of measures to prevent the spread and the consequent attenuation of sound in air handling systems serving the cleanrooms. The thesis presents a solution to noise attenuation in the investigated area, and in HVAC duct, which uses a commercially available material in the form of sound insulation hoses. In the systém solution is part of the work focuses on the optimal design of terminal elements to distribute air in a clean room. Processing methods utilize theoretical and experimental approach. The experiment comprises a unique analysis of the sound insulation properties of selected products under specific conditions. The data obtained are analyzed and incorporated into the framework of this work created program module for determining the attenuation and noise propagation in an enclosed space. Math and physical dependence are programmed into their own DLL by programming language DELPHI.