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1	Analysis of cerebral and respiratory activity in neonatal intensive care units for the assessment of maturation and infection in the early premature infant Navarro, Xavier 22 October 2013 (has links) (PDF) This Ph.D. dissertation processes and analyzes signals from the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for the study of maturity, systemic infection (sepsis) and the influence of immunization in the premature newborn. A special attention is payed to the electroencephalography and the breathing signal. The former is often contaminated by several sources of noise, thus methods based on the signals decomposition and optimal noise cancellation, adapted to the characteristics of the immature EEG, were proposed and evaluated objectively on real and simulated signals. By means of the EEG and delta burst analysis, detected automatically by a proposed classifier, infant's maturation and the effects of vaccination are studied. Concerning the second signal, breathing, non-linear and fractal methods are adapted to evaluate maturity and sepsis. A robustness study of estimation methods is also conducted, showing that the Hurst exponent, estimated on respiratory variability signals, is a good detector of infection. [SPI:OTHER] Engineering Sciences/Other Preterm newborn Neonatal intensive care unit Apnea Maturity Sepsis Eeg Respiration EEG burst Automatic detection Chaos Fractal Noise titration Entropy Hurst exponent
2	Analysis of cerebral and respiratory activity in neonatal intensive care units for the assessment of maturation and infection in the early premature infant / Analyse des signaux issus des unités de soins intensifs néonatales pour l'étude de la maturité, de l'infection généralisée et de l'influence de l'immunisation chez le nouveau-né prématuré Navarro, Xavier 22 October 2013 (has links) Ce mémoire de thèse porte sur le traitement et l'analyse des signaux issus des unités de soins intensifs néonatales (USIN) pour l'étude de la maturité, de l'infection généralisée et de l'influence de l'immunisation chez le nouveau-né prématuré. Une attention particulière est portée sur l'électroencéphalographie et le signal de respiration. Pour le premier, ce signal est souvent bruité en USIN et des méthodes de décomposition du signal et d'annulation optimale du bruit, adaptées aux particularités des EEG immatures, ont été proposées et évaluées objectivement sur signaux réels et simulés. L'analyse de l'EEG et des bouffées delta, repérées automatiquement par un classificateur proposé, ont permis d'étudier la maturation et les effets de la vaccination. Pour la seconde modalité, la respiration, des méthodes non-linéaires et fractales sont retenues et adaptées pour évaluer la maturité et l'infection généralisée. Une étude de robustesse des méthodes d'estimation est menée et on montre que l'exposant de Hurst, estimé sur des signaux de variabilité respiratoire, est un bon détecteur de l'infection. / This Ph.D. dissertation processes and analyzes signals from the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for the study of maturity, systemic infection (sepsis) and the influence of immunization in the premature newborn. A special attention is payed to the electroencephalography and the breathing signal. The former is often contaminated by several sources of noise, thus methods based on the signals decomposition and optimal noise cancellation, adapted to the characteristics of the immature EEG, were proposed and evaluated objectively on real and simulated signals. By means of the EEG and delta burst analysis, detected automatically by a proposed classifier, infant's maturation and the effects of vaccination are studied. Concerning the second signal, breathing, non-linear and fractal methods are adapted to evaluate maturity and sepsis. A robustness study of estimation methods is also conducted, showing that the Hurst exponent, estimated on respiratory variability signals, is a good detector of infection. Nouveau-né prématuré Unité de soins intensifs néonatales Apnée Maturation Sepsis Eeg Respiration Bouffées EEG Détection automatique Chaos Fractale Titration du bruit Entropie Exposant de Hurst. Preterm newborn Neonatal intensive care unit Apnea Maturity Sepsis Eeg Respiration EEG burst Automatic detection Chaos Fractal Noise titration Entropy Hurst exponent.

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Analysis of cerebral and respiratory activity in neonatal intensive care units for the assessment of maturation and infection in the early premature infant