The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of a university's faculty as to how the strategies, staffing policies, and systems procedures were aligned with the mission statement. Differences in perceptions were examined by college affiliation, rank, primary teaching assignment and gender. Data were analyzed to determine if there were correlations between faculty members' perceptions of alignment of the university's mission statement with administration's actions, policies, and procedures and their level of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and overall satisfaction with their job and the organization The population for this study was comprised initially of 1363 teaching faculty members of the University of Central with more than one year of service and reduced to 1285 who were determined to meet the criteria for inclusion. The 67-item survey instrument used in this study was developed and copyrighted by Dr. Robert C. Ford (Ford et al, 2006), and was administered during January and February 2006 A total of 297 usable responses (23.1%) were returned. An analysis of all responses indicated that there was a wide disparity in perceptions and that respondents did not believe that there was a strong alignment of mission with administrative practices, policies, and procedures. This confirmed an earlier finding as to the importance of perception (Dickson, Ford, & Upchurch, 2006, Ford et al., 2006). Significant differences in faculty perceptions by college affiliation, university rank, and primary teaching assignment were identified. Significant differences based on gender were minimal. The correlations of items representing level of organizational commitment were highly correlated. Items representing job satisfaction and overall satisfaction with their job and the organization were moderately intercorrelated, and the interrelationship was not strong.

There is growing interest in alignment between state's standards and test content partly due to accountability requirements of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001. Among other problems, current alignment methods almost entirely rely on subjective judgment to assess curriculum-assessment alignment. In addition none of the current alignment models accounts for student actual performance on the assessment and there are no consistent criteria for assessing alignment across the various models. Due to these problems, alignment results employing different models cannot be compared. This study applied item mapping to student response data for the Massachusetts Adult Proficiency Test (MAPT) for Math and Reading to assess alignment. Item response theory (IRT) was used to locate items on a proficiency scale and then two criterion response probability (RP) values were applied to the items to map each item to a proficiency category. Item mapping results were compared to item writers' classification of the items. Chi-square tests, correlations, and logistic regression were used to assess the degree of agreement between the two sets of data. Seven teachers were convened for a one day meeting to review items that do not map to intended grade level to explain the misalignment. Results show that in general, there was higher agreement between SMEs classification and item mapping results at RP50 than RP67. Higher agreement was also observed for items assessing lower level cognitive abilities. Item difficulty, cognitive demand, clarity of the item, level of vocabulary of item compared to reading level of examinees and mathematical concept being assessed were some of the suggested reasons for misalignment.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第24931号 / 情博第842号 / 新制||情||141(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科知能情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 神谷 之康, 教授 熊田 孝恒, 教授 西田 眞也 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

En stor del av dagens företagsförvärv beskrivs inte uppnå dess syften, mål och ambitioner. Samtidigt anses integreringen mellan två företag vid ett företagsförvärv, den så kallade integrationsprocessen, vara en komplex och outforskad process som har en stor inverkan på utfallet av förvärvet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka integrationsprocessen vid ett företagsförvärv mellan en köpande och säljande part samt processens påverkan på ett företagsförvärvs utfall. Den teoretiska grund som används, har tagits fram genom en abduktiv metodansats och belyser processen som ett samspel mellan en entreprenöriell miljö, integrationsstrategi samt graden av delade värderingar mellan köpande och säljande part. Resultatet har visat att vid de förvärv där en stor del av det förvärvade företaget hålls intakt och förblir självstyrande, är viktigt att ha en viss grad av delade värderingar då det fungerar som en enande kraft inom organisationen. Studien har även visat att en entreprenöriell miljö inom den förvarande organisationen spelat en viktig roll i integrationsprocessen. Detta då miljön skapar en möjlighet att utföra entreprenöriella handlingar som i sin tur bidrar till att det förvärvade företaget skapar sig ett sammanhang inom den nya organisationen.

Following the foundation of aberration theory for rotationally symmetric optical systems established by Seidel, Schwarzschild, Burch, Conrady, Buchdahl, and in its most useful form H.H. Hopkins, Shack, Buchroeder, Thompson, and Rogers developed a vectorial form of the wave aberration theory that enables addressing optical systems without symmetry. In this research, a vectorial theory is utilized and extended for the alignment of two- and three-mirror astronomical telescopes, including the effects of pointing changes and astigmatic figure errors. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the vectorial form of aberration theory, also referred to as nodal aberration theory, not only provides valuable insights but also facilitates a quantitative description of the aberrations in optical systems without symmetry. Specifically, nodal aberration theory has been utilized to establish key insights into the aberration field response of astronomical telescopes to misalignments. Important nodal properties have been derived and discussed and the theoretical predictions have been validated with optical design software. It has been demonstrated that the removal of on-axis coma in some of the most common astronomical telescopes in use today directly leads to a constraint for one of the nodes for astigmatism to be located at the field center, which is exactly true for Cassegrain or Gregorian telescopes, and approximately true for Ritchey-Chretien (or aplanatic Gregorian) telescopes. These observations led to important conclusions concerning the alignment of astronomical telescopes. First, the correction of these telescopes on-axis for zero coma removes all misalignment induced aberrations only on-axis. Secondly, given that the image quality at the field center remains stigmatic in the presence of misalignments, for these telescopes non-zero astigmatism measured at the field-center directly reveals astigmatic mirror figure errors. Importantly, the effects of misalignments and astigmatic figure error can be clearly distinguished if present in combination, even in the presence of significant boresight errors. Having the possibility to clearly distinguish between misalignment and astigmatic mirror figure error provides an important prerequisite for the optimal operation of active/adaptive optics systems that are becoming standard in observatory class telescopes. Subsequent work on TMA telescopes revealed that even though TMAs are limited by fifth order aberrations in their nominal alignment state, third order nodal aberration theory provides accurate image quality predictions for misalignments and astigmatic figure (third order) effects in these optical systems. It has been demonstrated for the first time that analytical expressions can be devised that describe the characteristic misalignment induced aberration fields of any TMA telescope, leading to two main image quality degrading aberrations, field-constant coma and field-linear, field-asymmetric astigmatism. These new insights can be strategically leveraged in the development of alignment strategies for TMAs. The final part of this work analyzed how third and fifth order nodal aberration fields can be utilized in the alignment of wide-angle telescopes, with the specific example of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). In cooperation with the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) an alignment strategy has been developed for the LSST (without camera) to expedite the commissioning of the telescope, providing for the first time analytical expressions for the computation of misalignment parameters in three-mirror telescopes, taking into account fabrication tolerances for the alignment of the tertiary mirror on the primary mirror substrate. Even though the discussion has been focused primarily on alignment strategies of astronomical telescopes, the methods and algorithms developed in this work can be equally applied to any imaging system.

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