Mit mehreren Pappelsorten und einer Weidensorte wurde im mitteldeutschen Trockengebiet eine Kurzumtriebsplantage (KUP) angelegt. Auf der 10 ha großen Fläche im Lehr- und Versuchsgut Köllitsch (Sachsen) konnten trotz differenzierter Anwuchsprobleme und des Auftretens verschiedener Schädlinge bei Pappeln nach einer Standzeit von drei Jahren bis zu 7 t TM/ha*a (»Hybride 275«, »Max«) geerntet werden. Die Weidensorte »Inger« erzielte nach vier Standjahren bis zu 5,2 t TM/ha*a. Die Wachstumsparameter und Erträge werden deutlich durch die Bodenqualität beeinflusst. Der Bericht fasst die Erfahrungen und Schlussfolgerungen aus Anlage, Pflege, Ernte und Trocknung der KUP zusammen. Nach der Teilbeerntung erfolgte die Trocknung in einer Miete vor Ort im sog. Dombelüftungsverfahren. Die Wirtschaftlichkeit wurde in Abhängigkeit von Nutzungsdauer, Umtriebszeit, Pflanzdichte, maschineller Ernte mit Feldhäcksler und Ertrag, inkl. Zahlungsanspruch kalkuliert.

Resume in English language Solar energy and its financial and legal aspects The topic of this thesis is the production of electricity from solar light and its legislation in the Czech Republic and European Union. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the whole development since the year 2005 until today, because it is full of interesting aspects. After the introduction the first part of this thesis is focused on the legislation of the European Union, which created foundation for Czech laws, i.e. Directives 2001/77/EC and 2009/28/EC. It is followed by the analysis of Czech laws, which were valid at that time, especially the Act no. 180/2005 Coll., and the Act no. 458/2008 Sb., Energy Act. As for the Energy Act, there is also added part about its current amendment and also the Act on income taxes is mentioned. Following part is focused on the solar boom, its causes and consequences. Because of the fact that the implemented solutions has provoked large discussions, this chapter is focused also on individual implemented solutions. Third part of the thesis is crucial and it is focused on the analysis of key court decisions in this field, i.e. three main court decisions, which are related to the solar tax. Those are interesting decisions of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Administrative Court of the...

Möjligheten att syntetisera UV-härdande bindemedel från enbart förnyelsebara startmaterial (syra A och alkohol A) eller från kombinationer av dessa med konventionella monomerer (syra B, C och D; alkohol B, C, D, E samt cyklisk ester A) utvärderades. Effekten av två katalysatorer, tenn(II)oktanoat och butyltenn, på direkt förestring och på ringöppning utvärderades. Totalt framställdes 22 polyestrar som analyserades med avseende på syratal, medelmolekylvikt (SEC), kulörindex (Gardner), och strukturell sammansättning (NMR). Bindemedlen formulerades med UV-initiator och härdades med UV-ljus. De torra filmerna utvärderades med avseende på hårdhet (pendelhårdhet), flexibilitet och kemisk resistens.   Det var möjligt att framställa polyestrar baserade på ovan nämnda monomerer. Några monomer gav bäst egenskaper med avseende på pendelhårdhet och flexibilitet medan andra byggstenar resulterade i bättre kemisk resistens.

This thesis describes the issue of renewable sources of energy in Mladá Boleslav and its surroundings, with a more narrow focus on the use of biomass. The main goal is to establish conditions of biomass in terms of its location, demand, and linkages to other sectors in the region. The general concepts in law and specifically in renewable energy laws, policies and directives given to the theoretical part. The nationwide perspective, describe the most important types of renewable resources that have potential or are currently being used in terms of media topics. The practical part of the region defined by Mladá Boleslav, whose character is construed narrowly, since it is aimed to assess the assumptions, uses different types of renewable energy in the region, or hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal energy, and especially biomass. Subsequently, the link between regional bodies, which grow biomass, body and handle it, and those who use it. This is particularly the potential treatment of residual or excess crop production for the purposes of electricity generation in biogas plants, home heating and production of biofuels. A separate section of the work is devoted to the important regional environmental agency, SKO-ENERGO Ltd., which supplies power and heat in the car factory as well as the majority of households in Mladá Boleslav. There are highlighted the benefits and importance of the statutory town, assessed the link between the heat station and the automaker, reported collaboration with other organizations and projects that SKO-ENERGO, Ltd. contributes to local regional development. Finally, it is evaluated the use of local support for renewable sources of public administration, compared with the Regional Energy Policy of the city Mladá Boleslav and proposed solutions for improvement. The text is clearly accompanied by maps, charts and cartograms.

The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes a general summary of information about individual power plants that are part of the South Bohemian region. For completeness, the work is complemented by missing representatives not included in the South Bohemian region, power plants from other parts of the Czech Republic. The next part of the work is dedicated to specific representatives, their description and closer presentation, which are connected to the context of the original theoretical part. The following part of the work deals with the comparison of specific data and together with the theoretical part the work is also suitable for teaching and consolidating the knowledge of the Czech energy sector. In the last part of the work you can find a list of possible excursions to several South Bohemian power plants. These excursions can be used as part of school trips at all levels of education.

It is increasingly being recognised that global natural resource consumption levels exceed planetary limits and that the present trajectory of industrial development is not sustainable. To achieve a more viable existence necessitates a fundamental shift in priorities from the prevailing economic growth-centred, consumer driven philosophy to one that marries aspirations for economic growth with long-term environmental and social considerations. This shift in priorities requires significant contributions and action at the global, national and local levels by the primary 'wheels' of sustainability: government, corporations and civil society. Over the past 100 years, corporations have become the most powerful institution on the planet with both the financial resources and institutional capacity to take the lead role in shaping a sustainable future for humankind. Yet, within and between industry sectors and across geographic locations there has been great diversity in the extent and level of corporate commitment and engagement in societal efforts relating to planetary sustainability. Hence, greater understanding of what drives corporate interest and involvement in ecological sustainability will become increasingly critical to promoting corporate engagement in processes and practices to secure a long-term future for humanity. However, there has been limited explanatory research oriented upon developing an understanding of the processes and factors associated with corporate 'eco-change'. In recognition of this shortcoming in the literature, the present study utilised the case of the non-renewable resource extractive sector of Australia to examine corporate engagement with processes and practices for planetary sustainability. Specifically, it sought to construct and evidence an explanation of the external and internal factors that have promoted and/or retarded corporate engagement with planetary sustainability in the non-renewable resource extractive sector (NRRES) of Australia. Guided by grounded theory methodology, an instrumental case study of the NRRES in Australia was undertaken. The NRRES was chosen as this sector's profile, visibility and activities over the past twenty years have meant it has come under mounting pressure to incorporate the concept and principles of planetary sustainability into its ethos and operations. As such, the sector represents the opportunity to study this phenomenon within a dynamic context of sectoral and corporate responses to evolving societal expectations. The research was undertaken in three phases and the principal research method was in-depth key informant interviews with purposively sampled members of the sector's stakeholder groups. Each NRRES corporation is situated at the centre of a web of interconnected interests or 'stakes' necessitating efforts to balance the various stakeholder interests to maintain the institution's license-to-operate and secure a long-term existence. The thesis constructs an explanation of the societal drivers of NRRES corporate engagement with planetary sustainability, organised as the three categories of government, civil society and the corporate sector. These three groupings of stakeholders have been clustered into the broad category or theme of Activating Engagement, which recognises their collective role as the stimuli for NRRES corporation engagement in processes and practices for planetary sustainability. While the theme of Activating Engagement emphasises the importance and interrelatedness of the roles and actions within and between the three primary wheels of sustainability, of particular note is the evident rise of civil society as a more active societal stakeholder and more salient driver of corporate uptake of social and environmental issues. As the identified external drivers play a critical role in motivating NRRES corporation engagement, it is a corporation's particular characteristics that ultimately determine the extent and level of uptake of strategies to demonstrate corporate social responsibility. The thesis develops an explanation of the internal factors mediating NRRES corporate engagement comprising the factors of leadership, resources, structures, culture and understanding. These factors are conceptualised as the theme of Capacity for Engagement, which identifies their collective importance in a NRRES corporation's preparedness, impetus and capability relating to interest and participation in planetary sustainability. While all of the five factors are seen as essential to meaningful NRRES corporate engagement, the thesis identifies leadership as the most critical factor in Capacity for Engagement. Based on the findings of the research, several explanatory frameworks are developed. These frameworks aid in deepening our understanding of the NRRES corporate engagement process, in particular, the interconnections between the factors impeding and facilitating corporate interest and engagement with processes and practices for planetary sustainability. As such, these frameworks will make a substantial contribution to building our understanding of how the various factors and their components or 'pieces of the puzzle' interact and interrelate with each other to generate corporate engagement. The frameworks are the culmination of the research and, coupled with the more detailed explanations of their constituent factors, enhance our knowledge and understanding of the dynamics of NRRES corporation engagement with planetary sustainability. This enhanced understanding is significant and could be of considerable value in informing and targeting efforts to advance the depth and breadth of NRRES corporation engagement with processes and practices for planetary sustainability. To advance the standing of the study's findings, a series of case studies could be undertaken targeting the investigation of NRRES corporate engagement in other geographic locations and within different industry sectors.

Purpose/aim: The purpose of this dissertation is to find out the effect of waste disposal on environment and to explore the effect of renewable resources on economy. We use some data to test and verify the existence of effects. Design/methodology/approach: We use our questionnaires to collect data, and analyze the data in statistical tests. We use case studies to find examples to verify the significance of waste classification and renewable resources as well as the problems in main cities of China. Findings: The analysis shows that we need to focus on waste classification education, if we want to apply it in real life. The best way to use renewable resource more widely is to aquire government support. If we can carry out waste classification better, we can make use of more renewable resources. Originality/value: The value of this paper is that we prove that using waste classification and renewable resource can increase economic growth rate and protect the environment. It is also important because economic growth brings about the reduction of environment quality. When the environment quality decreases, the economic level will also decrease.

Schnellwachsende Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb dienen der Produktion von Holz für eine energetische Nutzung. Weiterer Nutzen liegt in der Erosionsvermeidung, der Verbesserung des Landschaftsbildes, der Erzeugung unabhängiger Wärmeenergie, der Steigerung der Biodiversität sowie in Leistungen für Gesundheitsschutz und Klimaanpassung. Die Broschüre fasst den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zusammen und bietet zahlreiche Praxishinweise und Empfehlungen zur Etablierung von Kurzumtriebsplantagen (KUP), zu Pflege- und Schutzmaßnahmen sowie zur Ernte und der Verwertung des Holzes. Informiert wird auch über die Wirtschaftlichkeit von KUP und die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen.

This thesis consists of four essays in resource and behavioral economics. Resource Extraction, Capital Accumulation and Time Horizon The paper shows that relaxing the standard infinite horizon assumption can explain the patterns of exhaustible resource extraction and prices for the last century. An empirical test proposes a time horizon of roughly 28 years to be most likely. Model calibration yields an oil price which fits the falling price after WWII and suggests that the sharply increasing price after 1998 is due to scarcity. Optimal Forest Rotation under Climate Change    The scenario of forests growing faster over time, due to climate change, is analyzed. It is shown numerically that ignoring future changes is highly likely to be accurate in terms of harvesting and will cause insignificant profit losses. Tragedy of the Commons versus the Love of Variety    The opposing effects of overharvesting of renewable resources when property rights are missing and increased consumption variety, both due to trade, are analyzed. Trade increases welfare if the resource has strong regenerative power. If, instead, the resource regenerates slowly, then sufficient increases in the number of trade partners harms welfare and the stock may even collapse. Correcting policies may be very harsh and still improve upon laissez faire. The Distribution of Revealed Preferences under Social Pressure    Stated preferences, such as declared political opinions, are studied when individuals make the trade off between being true to their real opinions and conforming to a social norm. In orthodox societies, individuals will tend to either conform fully or ignore the social norm while individuals in liberal societies will tend to compromise between the two extremes. The model sheds light on phenomena such as polarization, alienation and hypocrisy. Furthermore, it suggests that orthodoxy cannot be maintained under pluralism.

Die Broschüre informiert über den Anbau von Pappeln und Weiden in Kurzumtriebsplantagen. Die Empfehlungen zu Anbauverfahren, Pflanzung, Düngung, Ernte und Trocknung beruhen auf langjährigen Versuchen im Plantagen- und Streifenanbau. Ergänzt wird die Broschüre um wirtschaftliche Aspekte, Fördermöglichkeiten und um die ökologischen Auswirkungen von schnellwachsenden Baumarten auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen.